Part IV (25’) Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)Directions:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage OneNowadays, Internet shopping is becoming increasingly popular and many high street stores and supermarkets are now offering this facility. You can shop for just about anything from the comfort of your own home, and all you need to do is to sit in your armchair and order things directly on the Internet.Shopping on the Internet offers convenience and time-saving benefits to shoppers, as compared to traditional storefront(店面)shopping. People can shop for a variety of products on the Internet, ranging from physical products, such as books, CDs, clothes and food, to information products, such as online news or magazines stories. If it is too inconvenient for you to go out for shopping on your own, or if lack of time makes it difficult for you to shop at physical locations such as stores and shopping malls, you can choose to do shopping in the Internet. The Internet operates 24 hours a day, seven days a week,and shoppers can expect to find and purchase goods on the Internet anytime, unlike traditional storefronts which have fixed opening hours. No wonder that some research findings indicate that consumers views the Internet as an “instrument of convenience”.Despite the advantages of Internet shopping, there are also disadvantages of Internet shopping.The main disadvantage on Internet shopping is that you cannot actually see the products you are buying or check their quality. Sometimes the computer image of the products can hardly compare with those that can be touched for quality and put on for comfort. Furthermore, Internet shopping cannot provide the social interaction and the sense of community. Many people will find it completely unpleasant because they may miss the opportunity to talk to friends. Some people are worried about paying for goods using credit cards, so Internet companies are now finding ways to make online payment safe.
There are plenty of ways to delight the bookstore customer, but few are easily monetized. It is agreed that bookstores need to become cultural destinations where people are prepared to pay good money to hear a concert, see a film or attend a talk.But forcing people to pay for the privilege of potential good services could deter (震慑) shoppers altogether. A more attractive idea might be a membership scheme like those offered by museums and other cultural venues (场地). A club membership could provide priority access to events like talks and literary workshops, and to a private lounge where members can eat, drink and meet authors before events. Different memberships could tailor to the needs of children and students.Anyway, to survive and thrive, bookstores will have to work hard. They have an uphill battle in front of them, with the steepness of the slope or the size of the obstacles uncertain. Definitely, service will need to be knowledgeable and personalized, spaces well-designed and cultural events tempting. But still, the fate of bookstores, especially small independents, is a cliffhanger (悬而未决的局势).According to the passage, one privilege that members of bookstores could enjoy is that ________.A. they don’t need to pay for the events they attendB. children and students can enjoy a special discountC. they can attend any cultural events organized by the bookstoreD. they will be considered first when there are some activities
According to Zheng Banqiao, the "____of Heaven" is to love all living things in the world. A will B missionC way D virtue
He urged donors to ________ their efforts to send aid to Somalia.A. step onB. step upC. step offD. step down
题型说明：9.Which of the following sentence is the correct Chinese translation of the sentence “Would we like it if we were in the shoes of those who are being stalked？” A如果我们穿着名人的鞋子,我们会高兴吗？B如果我们穿着明星的鞋子跑,我们会高兴吗？C如果我们收集了明星的鞋子,我们会高兴吗？D如果我们成了被追踪的对象,我们会高兴吗？
THE HYDROGEN ECONOMY It seems like every day there is a new announcement in the news about automobiles powered by fuel cells. The promises are great, since fuel cells have the potential to very quickly double the efficiency of cars while significantly reducing air pollution. At the same time, there have been news stories for decades about the problems associated With petroleum. Everything from oil spills to ozone(臭氧) alerts to global warming gets blamed on our dependence on fossil(化石) fuels. These two forces are leading the world toward what is broadly known as the hydrogen economy. If the predictions are true, over the next several decades we will all begin to see an amazing shift away from the fossil fuel economy we have today toward a much cleaner hydrogen future.Problems with the fossil fuel economy While fossil fuels have played an important role in getting society to the point it is at today, there are four big problems that fossil fuels create: Air pollution--When cars burn gasoline, the internal combustion engine also produces: Carbon monoxide, a poisonous gas Nitrogen oxides, the main source of urban smog Unburned hydrocarbons, the main source of urban ozone Environmental pollution--The process of transporting and storing oil has a big impact on the environment whenever something goes wrong. An oil spill, pipeline explosion or well fire can create a huge mess. Global warming―The carbon dioxide coming out of every car’’s tailpipe is a greenhouse gas that is slowly raising the temperature of the planet. The ultimate effects are unknown, but it is a strong possibility that, eventually, there will be dramatic climate changes that affect everyone on the planet. Dependence--The United States, and most other Countries, cannot produce enough oil to meet demand, so they import it from oil-rich countries. That creates an economic dependence. When Middle East oil producers decide to raise the price of oil, the rest of the world has little choice but to pay the higher price.Advantages of the hydrogen economy The hydrogen economy promises to eliminate all of the problems that the fossil fuel economy creates. Therefore, the advantages of the hydrogen economy include: The elimination of pollution caused by fossil fuels-When hydrogen is used in a fuel cell to create power, it is a completely clean technology. The only byproduct is water. There are also no environmental dangers like oil spills to worry about with hydrogen. The elimination of greenhouse gases--If the hydrogen comes from the electrolysis of water, then hydrogen adds no greenhouse gases to the environment. There is a perfect cycle--electrolysis produces hydrogen from water, and the hydrogen recombines with oxygen to create water and power in a fuel cell. The elimination of economic dependence--The elimination of oil means no dependence on the Middle East and its oil reserves. Distributed production--Hydrogen can be produced anywhere that you have electricity and water. People can even produce it in their homes with relatively simple technology. The problems with the fossil fuel economy are so great, and the environmental advantages of the hydrogen economy so significant, that the push toward the hydrogen economy is very strong.Technological Hurdles(障碍) The big question with the hydrogen economy is, "Where does the hydrogen come from " After that comes the question of transporting, distributing and storing hydrogen. Hydrogen tends to be large and tricky in its natural gaseous form. Once both of these questions are answered in an economical way, the hydrogen economy will be in place.Where does the hydrogen come from There are two possible sources for the hydrogen: Electrolysis of water--Using electricity, it is easy to split water molecules to create pure hydrogen and oxygen. One big advantage of this process is that you can do it anywhere. For example, you could have a box in your garage producing hydrogen from tap water, and you could fuel your car with that hydrogen. Reforming fossil fuels--Oil and natural, gas contain hydrocarbons--molecules consisting of hydrogen and carbon. Using a device called a fuel processor or a reformer, you can split the hydrogen off the carbon in a hydrocarbon relatively easily and then use the hydrogen. You discard the leftover carbon to the atmosphere as carbon dioxide. The second option is, of course, slightly perverse(不正当的). You are using fossil fuel as the source of hydrogen for the hydrogen economy. This approach reduces air pollution, but it doesn’’t solve either the greenhouse gas problem or the dependence problem. However, it may be a good temporary step to take during the transition(转变) to the hydrogen economy. The interesting thing about the first option is that it is the core of the real hydrogen economy. To have a pure hydrogen economy, the hydrogen must be derived from renewable sources rather than fossil fuels so that we stop releasing carbon into the atmosphere. Having enough electricity to separate hydrogen from water, and generating that electricity without using fossil fuels, will be the biggest change that we see in creating the hydrogen economy. Where will the electricity for the electrolysis of water come from Currently, about 68 percent of the electricity produced in the United States comes from coal or natural gas. All of that generating capacity will have to he replaced by renewable sources in the hydrogen economy. Right now there are several different ways to create electricity that do not use fossil fuels: Nuclear power Hydroelectric dams Solar cells Wind turbines Geothermal power Wave and tidal power Co-generationHow do you store and transport the hydrogen Hydrogen is a large gas of its kind, and it is not nearly as easy to work with as gasoline. Compressing the gas requires energy, and compressed hydrogen contains far less energy than the same volume of gasoline. However, solutions to the hydrogen storage problem are surfacing. For example, hydrogen can be stored in a solid form in a chemical called sodium borohydride. Once the storage problem is solved and standardized, then a network of hydrogen stations and the transportation infrastructure will have to develop around it. The main barrier to this might be the technological sorting-out process. Stations will not develop quickly until there is a storage technology that clearly dominates the marketplace. For instance, if all hydrogen-powered cars from all manufacturers used sodium borohydride, then a station network could develop quickly; that sort of standardization is unlikely to happen rapidly, if history is any guide.Prospects for the future You will hear more and more about the hydrogen economy in the news in the Coming months, because the drumbeat is growing louder. The environmental problems of the fossil fuel economy are combining with breakthroughs(突破) in fuel-cell technology, and the pairing will allow us to take the first steps, The most obvious step we will see is the marketing of fuel-cell-powered vehicles. Although they will be powered initially by gasoline and reformers, fuel cells represent two major improvements over the internal combustion engine: They are about twice as efficient. They can significantly reduce air pollution in cities.Compared with other major industrialized countries, the United States depends more heavily on oil import. A．YB．NC．NG
④ Point out the type of adverbial clause in each of the following complex sentences.1) If you take the subway, you'll save money and time.2) The project was completed earlier than we had expected.3) She came into the room when the meeting was going on.4) We sent the letter by airmail in order that it might reach them in good time.
13.单选题 He ___ the challenges of the new job but remained optimistic about overcoming them with determination and effort.A. declinedB. acknowledgedC. addressedD. dismissed
Geraldo Rivera is well known for his compassionate investigative reports on WABC-TV Eyewitness News. He has done exposes (揭露性报道) of New York City’s welfare hotels, the over-pricing of prescription drugs, and drug abuse. In 1971, he received the Associated Press Broadcaster of the Year Award for the program Drug Crisis in East Harlem. He received the award again in 1972 for program Migrants, Dirt Cheap. His most famous expose however was done on the horrible conditions at Staten Island’s Willowbrook State School. It is the world’s largest institution for the mentally disabled. His investigation began when he and his camera crew gained access to one of the buildings. Geraldo’s emotionally charged reports exposed the unsanitary (不卫生的) conditions and neglectful, often abusive, treatment of the patients. He cried over what he discovered, and he made his viewers cry, too. The program created a public plea for reform, and changes were made. Governor Nelson Rockefeller of New York restored 20 million to the school’s slashed budget. The program Willowbrook earned him the Scripps-Howard Award, an Emmy (埃米金像奖) , and the Robert F. Kennedy Journalism Award. Geraldo Rivera has continued working for the mentally disabled. He founded One-to-One, a charity (慈善机构) that provides small group homes for the care of mentally disabled in the community. He hosts huge outdoor festivals for mentally disabled in New York City’s Central Park. He also wrote a book about some of the courageous people he has met as an investigative journalist. It is called A Special Kind of Courage. As he himself says, "I make no pretense (矫饰) of objectivity. But I’m not just in the business of making people cry. I’m in the business of change. The term "One-to-One" in the third paragraph refers to______.A. an organization in the community that helps take better care of the mentally disabled B. a device that helps the mentally disabled behave themselves C. an organization that provides homes for the mentally disabled D. a hospital that helps cure the mentally disabled
The professor's lecture was filled with complex theories and technical jargon, making the content so ____ that most students struggled to understand.A. lucidB. opaqueC. explicitD. straightforward
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Americans experience more food recalls (召回) today than they did five years ago, especially when it comes to meat and poultry (家禽). Meat and poultry recalls increased by two-thirds from 2013 to 2018, while food recalls overall went up 10%, according to the report recently published by the U.S. Public Interest Research Group.Meanwhile, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimates (估计) 48 million people get sick, 128,000 are hospitalized and 3,000 die from food-borne disease each year in the U.S. "We are looking for the farm-to-fork preventative solutions," said Adam Garber, the research group's consumer watchdog. "By doing that, we can protect people's health."Over the five-year period, poultry posted the most recalls (168), followed by beef (137) and pork (128). The report shows the most serious meat recalls are on the rise. Among meat and poultry, the number of Class I recalls has increased by 83%, nearly doubling. Class I, the most serious of the recalls, is issued when there is a reasonable probability that the food will cause health problems or death.53. When would Class I recalls be issued?A. When the food is likely to cause health problems or death.B. When there are too many complaints from customers.C. When the food problem lasts for five years.D. When the product quality is below standard.
Never before in my career _ _ of an assignment A have l frightened B had I frightened C had I been frightened D have I been frightened
Fill in the blanks with the words given below.Change the form where necessary.Each word can be used only once. budget defy dilemma diverseloyalty manipulate objectivePerspective tackle urge （1）The ____ of the "upright"message is to ask people to save，while the "permissive"message asks people to spend.（2）If you find yourself in a（n） ____ about what is the right decision for your career，speak to a career counselor.（3）It is important for parents to listen to their children's opinion because they may have a very different ____ on the things they've seen.（4）To cater for the different tastes of athletes from all over the world，the organizers of the Beijing Winter Olympics prepared ____ dishes.（5）If you want to save money for a rainy day making a（n） ____ is the first step you may want to take because it gives you a clear plan.（6）The Chinese legend goes that Yue Fei's mother tattooed four Chinese characters on his back to remind him of the importance of ____ to the nation.（7）When children are addicted to online games，they would often ____ their parents and stay online for hours every day.（8）The report goes on to ____ the technicians to take a more active role in developing the standards of artificial intelligence.
Dreams can be a rich source of ___________ for an artist. (inspire)
In some families,new adults and kids seem to slip in effortlessly, ____ they have been there all along.A. whileB. thoughC. becauseD. as though
If you_________in a job for several years, you may be able to accumulate a lot of work experience and skills that would be beneficial to your future career development.A. have workedB. had workedC. have been workingD. had been working
26)Could she picture him ___ politics with her father in the drawing-room at her home ?A. discussingB. to discussC. as to discussD. that discusses
These drugs are available over-the-counter without a(n)__________. （）A. infectionB. dosageC. prescription
The coming of the railways in the 1830s ________ our society and economic life.A. transferredB. transformedC. transportedD. transmitted
Elder and weaker Mr. Mag paid_visits to his old friends.A. scarceB. rare()C. insufficientD. inadequate
6. The children will now play some pieces of music that they ______ themselves. A.were taught posed C.accomplished D.worked7. While she waited,she tried to ______ her mind with pleasant thoughts of the vacation. A.occupy pose C.think D.intensify8. In the film,the peaceful life of a monk ______ the violent life of a murderer. A.is compared with B.is compared to C.is contrasted to D.is contrasted with9. ______ to pay for an order is simplicity itself. A.Use plastic B.Using plastics C.Using plastic D.Used plastic10. Additional time is required for cooking or ______ homemade dishes. A.chill B.to chill C.chilled D.chilling
Whenever I have trouble ( ) many problems, I ask Jack for help.A. dealing withB. to deal withC. on dealing withD. deal with
We were always encouraged to focus on constructing the most out of the situation ______. A. at hand B. on hand C. in hand D. by hand
The Harry Potter series, written by J.K. Rowling, is perhaps the most popular set of novels of the modern era. With seven books and many successful films to its name, the series has gathered about 15 billion dollars in sales. How did the series become so popular? The reason can be broken down into several areas.The first book in the series was rejected 12 times before it was picked up by Bloomsbury—a small publisher in England. So receiving this contract was Rowling's first step to success. However, getting a book contract does not ensure the success of a book. The story was soon loved by children and adults alike. In light of this, Bloomsbury Publishing published a second version of the books with “adult” (less colorful and more boring) book covers. This made it easier for a full range of ages to enjoy the series.Another factor that worked like a charm was that the publisher and Rowling herself, through the books, conducted midnight releases, promotions, and pre-ordering more readers. Customers who feared that their local bookstore would run out of copies responded by pre-ordering over 700,000 copies before the July 8, 2000 release.What does the underlined word “releases” (Para. 3) mean?A. The activity that frees or expresses energy or emotion.B. The announcement about the book’s publishing information.C. The sales of books that is available only at midnight.
Most children with healthy appetites are ready to eat almost anything that is offered them and a child rarely dislikes food (51) it is badly cooked. The way a meal is cooked and served is most important and an (52) served meal will often improve a child’s appetite. Never ask a child whether he likes or dislikes a food and never (53) likes and dislikes in front of him or allow anybody else to do so. If the father says he hates fat meat or the mother refuses vegetables in the child’s hearing he is (54) to copy this procedure. Take it (55) granted that he likes everything and he probably will. Nothing healthful should be omitted from the meal because of a (56) dislike. At meal times it is a good idea to give a child a small portion and let him (57) back for a second helping rather than give him as much as he is likely to eat all at once. Do not talk too much to the child (58) meal times, but let him get on with his food, and do not allow him to leave the table immediately after a meal or he will soon learn to swallow his food (59) he can hurry back to his toys. Under (60) circumstances must a child be coaxed or forced to eat.55（）。A. withB. asC. overD. for
1.A:Here is my business card.-|||-B: __-|||-A.Yes,the heat is killing me. B.Wonderful.Is it between-|||-school teams?-|||-C.Thank you for the nice party D.Thanks.This is mine.-|||-2.Alice:Is there any typical Chinese festival you celebrate every year?-|||-Bob: __-|||-A.Yes,the heat is killing me. B. I bet it will.-|||-C.It`s so stuffy and no wind at all. D.Yes,there are many.The-|||-Dragon Boat Festival is one of them.
23．有一串钥匙在沙发上。Aset of keys _______on the sofa./ There is _________on the sofa.24．问李老师要你的书吧。________Ms. Li ________yourbook!25．请给老赵打电话。_________Old Zhao ______13096935553..26．这条蓝色的裤子是他的吗？Isthis pair of trousers _________?27．我的父母在第一张照片里。_______________are in the first photo.28．谢谢你帮助我。Thankyou for ________________./ Thank you for _____________.29．那个女孩姓王。Thegirl’s __________is Wang./ The girl’s ______________is Wang.30．那只小狗叫什么名字？What’s__________the dog? / What’s ____________name?31．今天玩得开心点！___________today! / Have a good time today!32．这有两张漂亮的她家的全家福。Here_______two nice photos of her family.
Responsibilities ______becoming a father.A. charge forB. go withC. save forD. go through
The increase in international business and in foreign investment has created a need for executives with knowledge of foreign languages and skills in cross-cultural communication. Americans, however, have not been well trained in either area and, consequently, have not enjoyed the same level of success in negotiation in an international arena as have their foreign counterparts. Negotiating is the process of communicating back and forth for the purpose of reaching an agreement. It involves persuasion and compromise, but in order to participate in either one, the negotiators must understand the ways in which people are persuaded and how compromise is reached within the culture of the negotiation. In many international business negotiations abroad, Americans are perceived as wealthy and impersonal. It often appears to the foreign negotiator that the American represents a large multi-million-dollar corporation that can afford to pay the price without bargaining further. The American negotiator’s role becomes that of an impersonal supplier of information and cash. In studies of American negotiators abroad, several traits have been identified that may serve to confirm this stereotypical perception, while undermining the negotiator’s position. Two traits in particular that cause cross-cultural misunderstanding are directness and impatience on the part of the American negotiator. Furthermore, American negotiators often insist on realizing short-term goals. Foreign negotiators, on the other hand, may value the relationship established between negotiators and may be willing to invest time in it for long-term benefits. In order to solidify the relationship, they may opt for indirect interactions without regard for the time involved in getting to know the other negotiator. Clearly, perceptions and differences in values affect the outcomes of negotiations and the success of negotiators. For Americans to play a more effective role in international business negotiations, they must put forth more effort to improve cross-cultural understanding. [共5题](1)What kind of manager is needed in present international business and foreign investment? [本题2分]A. The man who represents a large multi-million-dollar corporation. B. The man with knowledge of foreign languages and skills in cross-cultural communication. C. The man who is wealthy and impersonal. D. The man who can negotiate with his foreign counterparts.