International students deal with many academic and social challenges during their university years. These challenges affect their academic achievement as well as their social engagement in many different ways. Consequently, they may struggle academically and feel invisible on campus, especially when engaging in different group activities.Many universities and colleges offer a variety of services and resources to help students and international students, in particular, succeed during their time in college. These services include student associations, the on-campus counseling center, the on-campus writing center, recreational clubs, and more.Many schools have writing centers to help students improve their writing skills. Writing centers provide students with one-on-one writing tutorials. They also offer writing and research workshops to help students conduct research and write essays. In general, these resources provide students with social and academic support. They offer a space where international students can release stress and find a support group.Getting involved with groups on campus is one way to meet new people. International students can participate in academic clubs, social organizations, or even part-time jobs. Moreover, campus activities are a great opportunity for students to practice their English, as well as meet new students and make new relationships. Many times, international students can find it hard to interact with native English speakers; therefore, getting involved in campus activities can help them interact with native English speakers.Use the on-campus counseling service. The counseling service is a great resource that many colleges offer students. It is especially helpful for international students who struggle socially and emotionally. Being away from their families and friends, international students feel lonely sometimes. These feelings might affect their academic achievement because it is very hard to focus on school while facing other social and emotional challenges. Therefore, utilizing the counseling service is a great way for international students to overcome this challenge.1. What may happen to international students when they face academic and social challenges?A) They may become extremely homesick.B) They may suffer from physical illness.C) They may feel being ignored by others. D) They may engage in different activities.2. What services do universities offer to help international students in particular?A) Sports clubs.B) Language classes.C) On-campus counseling. D) One-on-one instruction.3. What do writing centers do to help students improve their writing skills?A) Guide students’ writing with particular materials.B) Provide workshops to help students write essays. C) Offer professional aid to help them release stress.D) Hold various lectures on writing academic paper.4. What can international students do to get involved on campus?A) They can join the clubs and organizations on campus. B) They can choose roommates from different countries.C) They can take English lessons to improve their English.D) They can hold activities to make new friends on campus.5. What is especially helpful for international students, according to the passage?A) Academic organizations.B) Counseling services. C) Wring centers.D) Part-time jobs.

Part N rransiation (so minites)-|||-Directions:For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English.You-|||-should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.-|||-无手机焦虑症(nomophobia),即因没有手机而产生的恐惧与焦虑,其具体表现有手机不能关机,-|||-去任何地方都要带着手机。近三分之一的人每晚睡前最后一件事和早上醒来的第一件事就是看手机。-|||-研究表明,每天在智能手机上花太多的时间会对人与人之间的关系造成负面影响。克服手机依赖最有-|||-效可行的办法就是转移注意力,积极与别人交谈,外出散步或者读书读报。

Technology has and will continue to change all industries. Sometimes, the effects of technology on any industry are disruptive in nature. Take the transport industry for example; the predicted commercialization of self-driving technology threatens millions of jobs across the world. Take the publishing industry for example; the rise of the online media has forced traditional publishing companies to rethink their business plans.Other times, it changes things for the better, like the change taking place in the education sector. The increasing use of technology is changing the manner in which basic processes in education are being carried out. Here are some of the most profound ways how technology has changed education so far.One of the most profound ways in which technology has changed education is that it has made it more accessible than the way it was a few decades before. It is now possible for anyone to access formal educational resources, thanks to online courses.As a result of the rise of online courses, it is now also easy for anyone to learn at their own pace, rather than being forced to adhere to strict timelines. Technology has made it possible for individuals to learn from anywhere as opposed to the way things were learned before when individuals had to travel to physical schools to access education.For years, special needs have been an important issue in education. The highly standardized and often rigid procedures that learners and teachers have to go through in the traditional classroom environment may fail to address the individual needs of some learners.On the contrary, the highly flexible, interactive and accessible nature of digital learning provides a wonderful environment for individuals to learn in ways that suit their personal needs, capabilities or even challenges.1. What effects does technology have on the transport industry?A) It commercializes the whole industry.B) It upgrades the whole industry.C) It makes companies rethink their business.D) It threatens millions of jobs in the industry. 2. How does technology profoundly change education according to the passage?A) It enrolls more students than a few decades before.B) It helps provide more formal courses than before.C) It makes education more accessible than before. D) It succeeds in offering many rigid procedures.3. What benefit does technology bring to education according to the passage?A) Collaborative learning.B) Abundant classrooms.C) Qualified teachers.D) Flexible timelines. 4. What makes traditional classroom environment unfriendly to learners with special needs?A) It is standardized and rigid. B) It focuses much on the grade.C) It lacks diversity and tolerance.D) It tends to be highly competitive.5. What is this passage mainly about?A) The disruptive nature of technology.B) The benefits of standardized procedures.C) The effects of technology on education. D) The role of technology in modern society.

A British food writer explains why sensation is important in Chinese food. Food might be one of the last barriers to fully immerse oneself in a foreign culture, and for British writer Fuchsia Dunlop, that frontier for Westerners when it comes to Chinese food is the mouthfeel or texture. “Cross it, and you’re really inside.”By texture, she particularly refers to that of the food Chinese people are famously interested in, such as ox throat, chicken feet, sea cucumber, or abalone (鲍鱼), which Westerners usually consider pointless since they taste like “a bike’s inner tube or plastic bags.”In one of her popular books, Shark’s Fin and Sichuan Pepper published in 2008, Dunlop devoted an entire chapter, “The Rubber Factor,” to what mouthfeel means in Chinese cuisines. She lists some representatives: cui of fresh crunchy vegetables (a particular quality of crispness), tanxing (springy elasticity like that of a squid ball), nen (tenderness of just-cooked fish or meat), or shuang (that “evokes a refreshing, bright, slippery, cool sensation in the mouth”). “Actually quite a few readers have written to me and said ‘after reading that, we went to a restaurant, we ordered chicken feet, and we tried to eat that differently,’” she says.In 2016 and 2017, she gave presentations, workshops, or seminars about texture in New York, Oxford, and London. At one seminar in New York, Dunlop prepared a tasting with some jellyfish, a duck tongue, pig ears and so on. At a food conference in Oxford she gave a presentation about why even the richest people in China would want to eat duck tongue and other foods that in the West are traditionally considered “rubbish eaten by poor farmers.” After explaining the texture, she asked all the participants to taste the food. She asked her audience to put aside their prejudice and negative thoughts, and instead concentrate on the sensation in the mouth. “A lot of people said it was one of the best presentations they’d seen. It was totally fascinating because all these things are new for them,” she says. “They just probably thought duck tongue a bit weird , but they never actually considered why you might want to eat a duck’s tongue, so I’m like a kind of missionary for this. I’m trying to get people to open their minds.”1. What does Fuchsia Dunlop think of Chinese food?A) It is a barrier for many foreigners.B) It contains many strange ingredients.C) It stresses mouthfeel or texture. D) It stresses color, scent, and taste.2. Why does Fuchsia Dunlop refer to chicken feet, sea cucumber and so on?A) Because Chinese people are famously interested in their nutrition.B) Because Chinese people are famously interested in their texture. C) Because Westerners usually consider them pointless.D) Because Westerners think they taste like a bike’s inner tube or plastic bags.3. What does Fuchsia Dunlop think of mouthfeel in Chinese cuisines?A) It is the tenderness of just-cooked fish or meat.B) It is the particular quality of crispness.C) It evokes a refreshing, slippery, and cool sensation.D) It includes various sensations in the mouth. 4. In what way did Fuchsia Dunlop help people open their minds?A) She gave presentations, workshops, or seminars about texture. B) She lectured on different food cultures around the world.C) She gave a presentation at a food conference in Oxford.D) She asked audience to ignore the sensation in the mouth.5. Which of the following can best replace the word “weird” (underlined)?A) crazyB) strange C) terribleD) frightening

Tourism may well have positive effects in urban areas and contribute to the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals. Revenues from tourism and the motivation to attract more tourists can trigger the willingness of local authorities to invest in urban infrastructure, benefitting both tourists and residents. It may play a role in promoting green urban planning, urban conservation and the protection of local heritage. Investments in entertainment, recreation and leisure facilities may become viable once they cater to a combination of local and tourist demand.Tourism may contribute to building more resilient communities if it helps to activate social and cultural capital, e.g. by empowering women or by promoting local crafts, if it helps protect local environments and commons and if it provides economic gains for local communities, e.g. by supporting local entrepreneurship. Cities are locations of creativity, innovation and change which can benefit from the dynamics that tourism may bring through meaningful host-guest interaction, including opportunities to foster tolerance of cultural diversity.However, there is a flipside to the urban tourism coin. The proliferation of low-frills flight connections has been a major driver of city tourism. At the same time, aircrafts are a major source of carbon emissions, contributing significantly to climate change. The aviation trap and the carbon footprint of travel to and from a destination cannot be excluded from the sustainability considerations of urban tourism. Failure to address tourism-related climate change will undermine the achievement of many other SDGs.As cities become attractive destinations, they run the risk of suffering from “overtourism” in urban centres which aggravates many of the challenges they are facing. The touristification of residential areas often plays a role in gentrification processes, leading to the displacement and exclusion of weaker and vulnerable sections of society. Tourism increases the burden on local infrastructure and transport systems, contributes to traffic congestion and causes significant levels of air and noise pollution. It puts strains on urban sights, increases the demand for energy and water and adds to the volume of waste and sewage generated in a locality. The jobs provided in the tourism sector, though potentially numerous, are often precarious.1. In what way may tourism help the development of cities?A) Tourism brings money. B) Tourism makes cities famous.C) Tourism benefits the authorities.D) Tourism develops transportation.2. Which of the following best describes paragraph two?A) Benefits of tourism to communities. B) The reason why tourism should be developed.C) Why people are in need of tourism.D) Tips for people who have a tour.3. According to the passage, what is the most important motivation of city tourism?A) The policy of the government.B) The support from the public.C) The fund from the banks.D) The low-costing flights. 4. What is the author’s attitude towards the increase in flights?A) Positive.B) Negative.C) Indifferent.D) Complicated. 5. The last paragraph mainly deals with ________.A) the author’s worries about the development of tourism B) the benefit to the city life brought by tourismC) the significance of developing tourismD) the blueprint for sustainable tourism

So what is this minimalism thing? It’s quite simple: To be a minimalist you must live with less than 100 things, you can’t own a car or a home or a television, you can’t have a career, you must live in exotic hard-to-pronounce places all over the world, you must start a blog, you can’t have children, and you must be a young white male from a privileged background.OK, we’re joking – obviously. But people who dismiss minimalism as some sort of fad (时尚) usually mention any of the above “restrictions” as to why they could “never be a minimalist.” Minimalism isn’t about any of those things, but it can help you accomplish them. If you desire to live with fewer material possessions, or not own a car or a television, or travel all over the world, then minimalism can lend a hand. But that’s not the point.Minimalism is a tool that can assist you in finding freedom. Freedom from fear. Freedom from worry. Freedom from overwhelm. Freedom from guilt. Freedom from depression. Freedom from the trappings of the consumer culture we’ve built our lives around. Real freedom.That doesn’t mean there’s anything inherently wrong with owning material possessions. Today’s problem seems to be the meaning we assign to our stuff: We tend to give too much meaning to our things, often forsaking our health, our relationships, our passions, our personal growth, and our desire to contribute beyond ourselves. Want to own a car or a house? Great, have it! Want to raise a family and have a career? If these things are important to you, then that’s wonderful. Minimalism simply allows you to make these decisions more consciously, more deliberately.There are plenty of successful minimalists who lead quite different lives. Joshua Becker has a career he enjoys, a family he loves, a house and a car. Conversely, Colin Wright owns 51 things and travels all over the world, and Tammy Strobel and her husband live in a “tiny house” and are completely car-free. Even though these people are different, they all share two things in common: They are minimalists, and minimalism has allowed them to pursue purpose-driven lives.1. Why does the author mention so many dos and don’ts in Para. 1?A) To introduce what minimalists should or shouldn’t do.B) To arouse the reader’s curiosity about minimalism.C) To list people’s misunderstandings of minimalism. D) To show how difficult it is to be a real minimalist.2. Why could some people never be a minimalist?A) Because they think there are too many restrictions for minimalists. B) Because they have too many material possessions.C) Because they think they live in the consumer culture.D) Because they don’t like this fad.3. What does the word “forsaking” in Para. 4 probably mean?A) Valuing.B) Predicting.C) Abandoning. D) Improving.4. What do successful minimalists have in common?A) They all live with many material possessions.B) They all live with as few things as possible.C) They all have quite different lifestyles.D) They all have clear aims in their lives. 5. What is the best definition of minimalism according to this passage?A) Minimalism is a concept of life that encourages you to live a happy life different from others.B) Minimalism is a concept of life that encourages you to reduce the heavy burden of possessions.C) Minimalism is a tool to rid yourself of life’s excess in favor of focusing on what’s important. D) Minimalism is a tool to help you give up all material comforts and pursue spiritual freedom.

The best way to create and stick to a habit is to have strong motivation. It's easier to change your habits to lose weight if you have a health issue and you want to be around longer for your kids, or if your business is something you're passionate about. Having a valuable outcome associated with a habit will help you stick to that habit permanently.The art of self-control is one that most successful individuals have mastered. Self-control enables you to avoid behaviors that don't contribute to your success and adopt those that do.Because there is a delayed satisfaction associated with self-control, it can be easy to get off track. However, if you work on sticking to those small positive habits one day at a time, it becomes easier to stay strong and achieve that delayed reward. Once a reward is achieved, it is much easier to continue sticking to your habits.46. What does the author say we need to do to strengthen our willpower?A) Keep it under control.B) Apply it continuously.C) Learn from entrepreneurs.D) Aim at success determinedly.47. How are almost half of our daily actions performed according to the passage?A) Out of habit.B) With determination.C) Like muscle building.D) By self-discipline.48. What will help people stick to doing something constructive automatically?A) Practising it on a day-to-day basis.B) Associating it with improving health.C) Possessing a reasonable amount of talent.D) Foreseeing the desired outcome it will yield.49. How does the art of self-control help us succeed?A) By allowing us to remain clear-headed permanently.B) By enabling us to alter our behaviors constantly.C) By enabling us to take positive actions.D) By allowing us to avoid taking risks.50. Why can it be difficult for us to maintain self-control?A) Most of us are not in the habit of exercising self-control.B) We may not get immediate rewards from self-control.C) Self-control tends to be associated with pains.D) Self-control only brings about small benefits.

Section BDiretons In ths secton, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Eachstatement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which theinformation i derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph i marked with aletter. Answer the questons by marking the corresponding ettr on Answer Sheet2.Why you shouldn't try to be a morning personA) We've all heard it before: to be successful, get out of bed early. After all, Apple CEO Tim Cook gets up at3:45 a. m., Fiat CEO Sergio Marchionne at 3:30 a. m. and Richard Branson at 5: 45 a. m.-and, as we know,The early bird catche the worm. B)Butjust because some successful people wake up early, does that mean it's a trait most of them share? And if theidea of having exercised, planned your day, eaten breakfast, visualized and done one task before 8 a.m. makesyou want to roll over and hit snooze until next Saturday, are you really doomed to a less successfullife? For abouthalf of us, ths isn't really anissue. It's estimated that some 50% of the population isn'treally morning or evening-oriented, but somewhere in the middle.C) Roughly one in four of us, though, tend more toward bright-eyed early isers, and another one in four are nightowls. For them, the effect can go beyond falling asleepin front of the TV at 10 p. m. or being chronically latefor work. Research shows that morning versu evening types show a classicleft-brain versus right-brain division:more analytical and cooperative versus more imaginative and individualitic.D) Numerous studies have found that morning people are more persistent, self-directed and agreeable. They sethigher goals for themselves, plan for the future more and have a better sense of well-being. And compared tonight ows, they're lesslikelyto be depressed, drink o smoke.E) Although morning types may achieve more academically, night owls tend to perform better on measures ofmemory, processing speed and cognitive abliy, even when they have to perform those tasks in the morning.Night-time people are also more open to new experiences and seek them out more. They may be more creative(although not always). And contrary to the maxim (“healthy, wealthy and wise"), one study showed that nightows are as healthy and wise as morning types-and a itle bt wealthier.F) tillthink the morning people sound more like CEO material? Dont set your alarm for 5 a. m. just yet. Asit turnsout, overhauling(彻底修改) yoursleep times may not have much effect. “If people are leftto their naturallypreferred imes thyfee much bette. They sythat they ae much more produtve. The mentalcpcty theyhave is much broader," says Oxford University biologist Katharina Wulff, who studies chronobiology(生物钟学)and sleep. On the other hand, she says, pushing people too far out of their natural preference can be harmful.When they wake early, for example, night ows are til producing melatonin. “Then you dsrupt it and push thebody to be in the daytime mode. That can have lots of negative physiological consequences," Wulff says, like adifferentsensitivity to insulin and glucose-which can cause weight gain.G) In many ways, that makes sense, since research shows that our chronotype, o internal clock, i mainly biological.Researchers even have found that the circadian(生理节奏的) rhythms of human cellsin vitro(试管内) correlatewith the rhythms of the people they were taken from. Up to 47% of it s inherited, which means if you want toknow why you pop up at dawn each day (or never do), you should probably look at your parents. One geneticfactor seems to be the length of the circadian cycle: humans average a 24.2-hour clock, meaning everyone adjustssightly each day to a 24-hour rhythm. But for night owls, the clock often runs longer-meaning that, withoutexternal cues to change, they'll fall asleep and get up later and later over time.H) Your preference does change as you age. Children tend toward morning, with a peak shift toward night aroundage 20 and a slight change back toward morning at around age 50. But compared to your peers, youll probablyalways fal within the same rough part of the spectrum (范围).I) In our rush to figure out the “secrets" of success, we tend to forget a couple of things. First, not ll high achieversare early risers, and not all early risers are successful. Famous late risers include Box CEO Aaron Levie andBuzzfeed CEO Jonah Peretti plus creatives like James Joyce, Gertrude Stein and Gustave Flaubert.J) But more importantly, in a phrase beloved by academics everywhere, correlation isnt causation. In other words,t's not clear that waking up early itself provides the benefit. Instead, it may be that most of us are expected tostart work or school by 8 or 9 a. m. If you're a morning person, a combination of biological changes, from yourhormones to body temperature, will get you up and way ahead of your night owl peers. That means people whoenjoy rising early will be more in line with their workday and likely to achieve more. For a night owl waking at7 a. m., her body sill thinks she'sasleep and is acting accordingly, so she's groggy(昏沉的) for much longer thana morning person who wakes up at the same time.K) Researchers also point out that because evening types often have to function when their bodies don't want to, itmakes sense that they may have worse moods or lower life satisfaction. It may also mean that they've had to figureout how to be more innovative and cut corners—which may encourage their creativity and cognitive skills.L) Because the cultural stereotype is that people who go to bed and rise late are lazy, most people probably try tobecome morning people as much as they can. The only ones who don't may inherently have more rebellious, orindividualstic, traits. But shifting someone's chronotype doesn't necessarily change these traits. As one recentstudy found, even as people tried to become “morning” people, it didn't make them have a better mood or lifesatisfaction, suggesting these traits are “intrinsic components of the late chronotype.M) Other research also has hinted that your sleep preference may be biologically “bundled” with other characterisics.One recent study, for example, found that more visually-creative people had more sleep disturbances, such aswaking several times at night or insomnia. Again, correlation isn't causation. But there may be a connection togenetics. “There is a dopamine receptor gene that has been previously associated with both increased creativity andalso with insomnia and sleep disturbance, " one researcher says.36. Research shows night owls tend to be more imaginative than early risers.37. Evening types can process information faster than morning types.38. Most peopl try ther best to become morning peope because they don't want to be considered lazy.39. Your parents'sleeping habits can have an importan influence on yours.40. A morning person is likely to achieve more because his biological rhythm matches the rhythm of his workday.41. According to Wulff, i a night ow i forced to get up earl for a period of time, he may gain weight.42. Researchers have found that people who rise late are likely to be ess satisfied with ife.43. Only part of early risers are successful, and some famous high achievers are late risers.44. Someone who is a night owi more likely to suffer from depression.45. A 20-year-old man may sleep and rie later than a 53-year-old man.

Passage Two-|||-Questions 51 to 55 are hased on the following passage.-|||-Back in 1975,economists plotted rising life expectancies against countries`wealth,and concluded that wealth-|||-itself increases longevit It seemed self -evident:everything peopl need to be healthy-from food to medical care--|||-costs money.-|||-But soon it emerged that the data didn`t always fit that theory. Economic upturns didn`t always mean longer lives.-|||-In addition,for reasons that weren`t clear,a given gain in gross domestic product(GDP)caused increasingly highe-|||-gains in life expectancy over time,as though it was becoming cheaper to add years of life. Moreover,in the 1980s-|||-researchers found gains in literacy were associated with greater increases in life expectancy than gains in wealth were.-|||-Finally,the more educated people in any country tend to live longer than their less educated fellow citizens.But such-|||-people also tend to be wealthier,so it has been difficult to untangle which factor is increasing lifespan.-|||-Wolfgang Lutz and his colleagues have now done that by compiling average data on GDP per person,lifespans,-|||-and years of education from 174 countries,dating from 1970 to 2010.They found that,just as in 1975,wealth-|||-correlated with longevity But the correlation between longevity and years of schooling was closer,with a direct-|||-relationship that did not change over time,the way wealth does.When the team put both these factors into the same-|||-mathematical model, they found that differences in education closely predicted differences in life expectancy,while-|||-changes in wealth barely mattered.-|||-Lutz argues that because schooling happens many years before a person has attained their life expectancy,this-|||-correlation reflects caus better education drives longer life.It also tends to lead to more wealth,which is why wealth-|||-and longevity are also correlated. But what is important,says Lutz, is that wealth does not seem to be driving-|||-longevity,as experts thought-in fact,education is driving both of them.-|||-He thinks this is because education permanently improves a person`s cognitive abilities,allowing better planning-|||-and self-control throughout the rest of their life.This idea is supported by the fact that people who are more-|||-intelligent appear to live longer.-|||-51.What did cconomists conclude about longevity in 1975?-|||-A)Literacy influenced longevity more than wealth did.-|||-B) Wealth itself could increase life expectancy-|||-C)Economic growth didn`t always mean longer life.-|||-D)A given growth in GDP caused higher gains in longevity.-|||-52.Why has it been difficult to decide which factor is increasing lifespan according to Para.2?-|||-A) Because less educated people tend to be richer.-|||-B) Because more cducated people tend to live longer.-|||-C) Because less educated people tend to live longer.-|||-D) Because more educated people tend to be richer.-|||-53.What did Wolfgang Lutz and his colleagues find?-|||-A)Relationship betwcen education and longevity changed over time.-|||-B)Longevity and education were more closely correlated.-|||-C)Differences in wealth predicted differen in longevity.-|||-D) Wealth and longevity did not have any correlation.-|||-54.In which part does education play permanently?-|||-A) It enables people to have better planning and self-control.-|||-B) It always leads to a longer but not necessarily richer life.-|||-C)It helps people acquire time managing and learning habits.-|||-D)It improves people`s imaginative and innovative abilitics.-|||-55.Which of the following is the best title for this passage?-|||-A) The relationship between cducation and wealth-|||-B) Wealth influcnces longevity-|||-C)Education influences longevity-|||-D)Wealth has nothing to do with lo

Directions: Suppose your university is conducting a survey to collect students' opinions on the appropriate use of AI technology in assisting learning. You are now to write an essay to express your view. You will have 30 minutes to write the essay. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.