Inequality Is Not Inevitable[A] A dangerous trend has developed over this past third of a century. A country that experienced shared growth after World War II began to tear apart, so much so that when the Great Recession hit in late 2007, one could no longer ignore the division that had come to define the American economic landscape. How did this "shining city on a hill" become the advanced country with the greatest level of inequality? [B] Over the past year and a half, The Great Divide, a series in The New York Times, has presented a wide range of examples that undermine the notion that there are any truly fundamental laws of capitalism. The dynamics of the imperial capitalism of the 19th century needn't apply in the democracies of the 21st. We don't need to have this much inequality in America.[C] Our current brand of capitalism is a fake capitalism. For proof of this go back to our response to the Great Recession, where we socialized losses, even as we privatized gains. Perfect competition should drive profits to zero, at least theoretically, but we have monopolies making persistently high profits. C.E.O.s enjoy incomes that are on average 295 times that of the typical worker, a much higher ratio than in the past, without any evidence of a proportionate increase in productivity.[D] If it is not the cruel laws of economics that have led to America's great divide, what is it? The straightforward answer: our policies and our politics. People get tired of hearing about Scandinavian success stories, but the fact of the matter is that Sweden, Finland and Norway have all succeeded in having about as much or faster growth in per capita （人均的） incomes than the United States and with far greater equality.[E] So why has America chosen these inequality-enhancing policies? Part of the answer is that as World War Ⅱ faded into memory, so too did the solidarity it had created. As America triumphed in the Cold War, there didn't seem to be a real competitor to our economic model. Without this international competition, we no longer had to show that our system could deliver for most of our citizens.[F] Ideology and interests combined viciously. Some drew the wrong lesson from the collapse of the Soviet system in 1991. The pendulum swung from much too much government there to much too little here. Corporate interests argued for getting rid of regulations, even when those regulations had done so much to protect and improve our environment, our safety, our health and the economy itself.[G] But this ideology was hypocritical （虚伪的）. The bankers, among the strongest advocates of laissez-faire （自由放任的） economics, were only too willing to accept hundreds of billions of dollars from the government in the aid programs that have been a recurring feature of the global economy since the beginning of the Thatcher-Reagan era of "free" markets and deregulation.[H] The American political system is overrun by money. Economic inequality translates into political inequality, and political inequality yields increasing economic inequality. So corporate welfare increases as we reduce welfare for the poor. Congress maintains subsidies for rich farmers as we cut back on nutritional support for the needy. Drug companies have been given hundreds of billions of dollars as we limit Medicaid benefits. The banks that brought on the global financial crisis got billions while a tiny bit went to the homeowners and victims of the same banks' predatory （掠夺性的） lending practices. This last decision was particularly foolish. There were alternatives to throwing money at the banks and hoping it would circulate through increased lending.[I] Our divisions are deep. Economic and geographic segregation has immunized those at the top from the problems of those down below. Like the kings of ancient times, they have come to perceive their privileged positions essentially as a natural right.[J] Our economy, our democracy and our society have paid for these gross inequalities. The true test of an economy is not how much wealth its princes can accumulate in tax havens （庇护所）, but how well off the typical citizen is. But average incomes are lower than they were a quarter-century ago. Growth has gone to the very, very top, whose share has almost increased four times since 1980. Money that was meant to have trickled （流淌） down has instead evaporated in the agreeable climate of Cayman Islands.[K] With almost a quarter of American children younger than 5 living in poverty, and with America doing so little for its poor, the deprivations of one generation are being visited upon the next. Of course, no country has ever come close to providing complete equality of opportunity. But why is America one of the advanced countries where the life prospects of the young are most sharply determined by the income and education of their parents? [L] Among the most bitter stories in The Great Divide were those that portrayed the frustrations of the young, who long to enter our shrinking middle class. Soaring tuitions and declining incomes have resulted in larger debt burdens. Those with only a high school diploma have seen their incomes decline by 13 percent over the past 35 years.[M] Where justice is concerned, there is also a huge divide. In the eyes of the rest of the world and a significant part of its own population, mass imprisonment has come to define America—a country, it bears repeating, with about 5 percent of the world's population but around a fourth of the world's prisoners.[N] Justice has become a commodity, affordable to only a few. While Wall Street executives used their expensive lawyers to ensure that their ranks were not held accountable for the misdeeds that the crisis in 2008 so graphically revealed, the banks abused our legal system to foreclose （取消赎回权） on mortgages and eject tenants, some of whom did not even owe money.[O] More than a half-century ago, America led the way in advocating for the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, adopted by the United Nations in 1948. Today, access to health care is among the most universally accepted rights, at least in the advanced countries. America, despite the implementation of the Affordable Care Act, is the exception. In the relief that many felt when the Supreme Court did not overturn the Affordable Care Act, the implications of the decision for Medicaid were not fully appreciated. Obamacare's objective—to ensure that all Americans have access to health care—has been blocked: 24 states have not implemented the expanded Medicaid program, which was the means by which Obamacare was supposed to deliver on its promise to some of the poorest.[P] We need not just a new war on poverty but a war to protect the middle class. Solutions to these problems do not have to be novel. Far from it. Making markets act like markets would be a good place to start. We must end the rent-seeking society we have gravitated toward, in which the wealthy obtain profits by manipulating the system.[Q] The problem of inequality is not so much a matter of technical economics. It's really a problem of practical politics. Inequality is not just about the top marginal tax rate but also about our children's access to food and the right to justice for all. If we spent more on education, health and infrastructure （基础设施）, we would strengthen our economy, now and in the future.In theory, free competition is supposed to reduce the margin of profits to the minimum. The United States is now characterized by a great division between the rich and the poor. America lacked the incentive to care for the majority of its citizens as it found no rival for its economic model. The wealthy top have come to take privileges for granted. Many examples show the basic laws of imperial capitalism no longer apply in present-day America. The author suggests a return to the true spirit of the market. A quarter of the world's prisoner population is in America. Government regulation in America went from one extreme to the other in the past two decades. Justice has become so expensive that only a small number of people like corporate executives can afford it. No country in the world so far has been able to provide completely equal opportunities for all.

二、Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) (总题数:1,分数:71.00)Minority Report American universities are accepting more minorities than ever. Graduating them is another matter. Bill Mills, the president of Bowdoin Colledge, was justifiably proud of Bowdoin’s efforts to recruit minority students. Since 2003 the small, elite liberal arts school in Brunswick, Maine, has boosted the proportion of so-called under-represented minority students in entering freshman classes from 8% to 13%. “It is our responsibility to reach out and attract students to come to our kinds of places,”he told a NEWSWEEK reporter. But Bowdion has not done quite as well when it comes to actually graduating minorities. While 9 out of 10 black students routinely get their diplomas within six years, only 7 out of 10 black students made it to graduation day in several recent classes. “If you look at who enters college, it now looks like America,” says Hilary Pennington, director of postsecondary programs for the Bill&Melinda Gates Foundation, which has closely studied enrollment paterns in higher education. But if you look at who walks across the stage for a diploma,it’s still largely the white upper-income populaion.” The United States once had the highest graduation rate of any nation. Now it stands 10th. For the first time in American history, there is the risk that the rising generation will be less well educated than the previous one. The graduation rate among 25- to 34-year-olds is no better than the rate for the 55-to 64-year-olds who were going to college more than 30 years ago. Studies show that more and more poor and non-white students want to graduate from college-but their graduation rated fall far short of their dreams. The graduation rates for whites and Asians. As the minority population grows in the United States, low college graduation rates become a threat to national prosperity. The problem is pronounced at public universities. In 2007 the University of Wisconsin-Madison-one of the top five or so prestigious public universties-graduated 81% of its white students within six years, but only 56% of its blacks. At less-selective state schools, the numbers get worse. During the same time frame, the University of Northern lowa graduated 67% of its white students, but only 39% of its blacks. Community colleges have low graduation rates generally-but rockbottom rates for minorities. A recent review of California community colleges found that while a third of the Asian students picked up their degrees, only 15% of African Americans did so as well. Private colleges and universities generally do better, partly because they offer smaller classes and more personal attention. But when it comes to a significant graduation gap, Bowdoin had company. Nearby Colby College logged an 18-point difference between white and black graduates in 2007 and 25 points in 2006. Middlebury College in Vermont, another top school, had a 19-point gap in 2007 and a 22-points in 2006. The most selective private schools-Harvard, Yale, and Princeton show almost no gap between black and white gradation rates. But that may have more to do with their ability to select the best students. According to data gathered by Harvard Law School professor Lani Guinier, the most selective schools are more likely to choose blacks who have at least one immigrant parent from Africa or the Caribbean than black students who are descendants of American slaves. “Higher education has been able to duck this issue for years, paticularly the more selective schools,by saying the responsibility is on the individual student,” says Pennington of the Gates Foundation.” If they fail, it’s their fault.” Some critics blame afformative action-students admitted with lower test scores and grades from shaky high schools often struggle at elite schools. But a bigger problem may be that poorhigh schools often send their students to colleges for which they are “undermatched”,they could get into more elite, richer schoold, but instedad go to community colleges and low-rated state schools that lack the resources to help them. Some schools out for profit cynically increase tuitions and count on student loans and federal aid to foot the bill-knowing full well that the students won’t make it. “ The school keeps the money, but the kid leaves with loads of debt and no degree and no ability to get a better job. College are not holding up their end,” says Amy Wilkins of the Education Trust. A college education is getting ever more expensive, Since 1982 tuitions have been rising at roughly twice the rate of inflation. In 2008 the net cost of attending a four-year public university-after financial aid-equaled 28% of median (中间的) family income, while a four-year private university cost 76% of median family income. More and more scholarships are based on merit, not need. Poorer students are not always the best-informed cunsumers. Often they wind up deeply in debt or simply unable to pay after a year or two and must drop out. There once was a time when universities took pride in their dropout rates. Professors would begin the year by saying ,”Look to the right and look to the left. One of you is not going to be here by theend of the year.” But such a Darwinian spirit is beginning to give way as at least a few colleges face up to the graduation gap. At the university of Wisconsin Madison, the gap has beeen roughly halved over the last three years. The university had poured resources into peer counseling to help students from inner-city schools adjust to the rigor(严格要求) and faster pace of a university classroon-and also to help minority students overcome the stereotype that they are less qualified. Wisconsin has a “laserlike focus” on building up student skills in the first three months, according to vice provost (教务长)Damon Williams. State and federal governments could sharpen that focus everywhere by broadly publishing minority graduation rates. For years private colleges such as Princeton and MIT have has success bringing minorities onto campus in the summer before freshman year to give them some preparatory courses.The newer trend is to start recruiting poor and no-white students as early as the seventy grade, using innovative tools to identify kids with sophisticated verbal skills. Such programs can be expensive,of course but cheap compared with the millions already invested in scholarships and grants for kids who have little chance to graduate without special support. With efforts and money, the graduation gap can be closed. Washington and Lee is a small, selective school in Lexington.Va. Its student body is less than 5% black and less than 2% Latino. While the school usually graduated about 90% of its whites, the graduation rate of its blacks and Latinos had dipped to 63% by 2007. “We went through a dramatic shift,” says Dawn watkins the vice president for student affairs. The school aggressively pushed mentoring of minorities by other students and “partnering” with parents at a special pre-enrollment session. The school had its first-ever black homecoming. Last spring the school graduated the same proportion of minorities as it did whites. If the United States wants to keep up in the global economic race, it will have to pay systematic attention to graduating manorities, not just enrolling them.(分数:71.00)Questions 47 to 51 are based on the following passage. How good are you at saying “no”? For many, it's surprisingly difficult. This is especially true of editors, who by nature tend to be eager and engaged participants in everything they do. Consider these scenarios: It’s late in the day. That front page package you’ve been working on is nearly complete;one last edit and it's finished. Enter the executive editor, who makes a suggestion requiring a more-than-modest rearrangement of the design and the addition of an information box. You want to scream: “No! It’s done!” What do you do? The first rule of saying no to the boss is don’t say no. She probably has something in mind when she makes suggestions, and it’s up to you to find out what. The second rule is don’t raise the stakes by challenging her authority. That issue is already decided. The third rule is to be ready to cite options and consequences. The boss’s suggestions might be appropriate, but there are always consequenses. She might not know about the pages backing up that need attention, or about the designer who had to go home sick. Tell her she can have what she wants, but explain the consequences. Understand what she’s trying to accomplish and propose a Plan B that will make it happen without destroying what you’ve done so far. Here is another case. Your least-favorite reporter suggests a dumb story idea. This one should be easy, but it’s not. If you say no, even politely, you risk inhibiting further ideas, not just from that reporter,but from others who heard that you turned down the idea. This scenario is common in newsrooms that lack a systematic way to filter story suggestions. Two steps are necessary. First, you need a system for how stories are preposed and reviewed.Reporters can tolerate rejection of their ideas if they believe they were given a fair hearing. Your gut reaction (本能反应) and dismissive rejection, even of a worthless idea, might not qualify as systematic or fair. Second, the people you work with need to negotiate a “What if…?” agreement covering “What if my idea is turned town?” How are people expected to react? Is there an appeal process?Can they refine the idea and resubmit it? By anticipating “What if…?” situations before they happen, you can reach understanding that will help ease you out of confrontations. 注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2 上作答。(分数:35.50)(1).Instead of directly saying to your boss, you should find out 1.(分数:7.10)填空项1:__________________ (正确答案:what is in your boss's mind)

The two economists call their paper “Mental Retirement,” and their argument has aroused the interest of behavioral researchers. Data from the United States, England and 11 other European countries suggest that the earlier people retire, the more quickly their memories decline. The implication, the economists and others say, is that there really seems to be something to the “use it or lose it” notion—if people want to preserve their memories and reasoning abilities, they may have to keep active. “It’s incredibly interesting and exciting,” said Laura L. Carstensen, director of the Center on Longevity at Stanford University. “It suggests that work actually provides an important component of the environment that keeps people functioning optimally (最佳地).” While not everyone is convinced by the new analysis, published recently in The Journal of Economic Perspectives , a number of leading researchers say the study is, at least, a bit of evidence for a hypothesis that is widely believed but surprisingly difficult to demonstrate. Researchers repeatedly find that retired people as a group tend to do less well on cognitive (认知的) tests than people who are still working. But, they note, that could be because people whose memories and thinking skills are declining may be more likely to retire than people whose cognitive skills remain sharp. And research has failed to support the premise that mastering things like memory exercises, crossword puzzles (纵横字谜) and games like Sudoku carry over into real life, improving overall functioning. “If you do crossword puzzles, you get better at crossword puzzles,” said Lisa Berkman, director of the Center for Population and Development Studies at Harvard. “If you do Sudoku, you get better at Sudoku. You get better at one narrow task. But you don’t get better at cognitive behavior in life.” The study was possible, explains one of its authors, Robert Willis, a professor of economics at the University of Michigan, because the National Institute on Aging began a large study in the United States nearly20 years ago. Called the Health and Retirement Study, it surveys more than 22,000 Americans over age 50 every two years, and administers memory tests. 1 According to the data from America and some European countries, retired people ____ . A have aroused the interest of many psychologists B are more forgetful than they were at work C don’t have a functioning mind any more D can have much better cognitive skills 2 In Laura L. Carstensen’s opinion, what is the relationship between work and mental function? A Work has nothing to do with people’s mental function. B Work has a positive effect on people’s mental function. C People’s mental function decreases gradually after work. D People’s mental function has no influence on people’s work. 3 Lisa Berkman claimed that Sudoku could ____ . A improve man’s overall functioning greatly B make people good at this narrow task C help develop man’s cognitive skills D help people live much longer 4 What can we learn about the Health and Retirement Study? A It has been carried out for about 20 years. B It surveys Americans under the age of 50. C It is led by Robert Willis in the National Institute. D It gets support from the University of Michigan. 5 According to the passage, what does “Mental Retirement” mean? A People are reluctant to retire at an early age. B People have to retire earlier than expected. C People’s mental functions will decline even though they are still working. D People’s memories and reasoning abilities decline if they are not working.

25.A)Ignoring the signs and symptoms of aging.B)Adopting an optimistic attitude towards life.C)Endeavoring to give up unhealthy lifestyles.D)Seeking advice from doctors from time to time.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section,there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read the passage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2with a single line through the centre.You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Pursuing a career is an essential part of adolescent development.“The adolescent becomes an adult when he_26_a real job.”To cognitive researcherslike Piaget,adulthood meant the beginning of an_27_.Piaget argued that once adolescents enter the world of work,their newly acquired ability to form hypotheses allows them to create representations thatare too ideal.The_28_of such ideals,without the tempering of the reality of a job or profession,rapidly leads adolescents to become _29_ of the non-idealistic world and to press for reform in a characteristically adolescent way.Piaget said:“True adaptation to society comes_30_when the adolescent reformer attempts to put his ideas to work.”Of course,youthful idealism is often courageous,and no one likes to give up dreams.Perhaps,taken_31_out of context,Piaget’s statement seems harsh.What he was_32_，however,is the way reality can modify idealistic views.Some people refer to such modification as maturity.Piaget argued that attaining and accepting a vocation is one of the best ways to modify idealized views and to mature.As careers and vocations become less available during times of _33_,adolescents may be especially hard hit.Such difficult economic times may leave many adolescents_34_about their roles in society.For this reason,community interventions and government job programs that offer summer and vacation work are not only economically_35_but also help to stimulate the adolescent’s sense of worth.A)automatically B)beneficialC)capturing D)confusedE)emphasizing F)entranceG)excitedH)existenceI)incidentallyJ)intolerantK)occupation L)promisesM)recessionN)slightly O)undertakesSection BDirections:In this section,you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Each statement contains information given in one ofthe paragraphs.Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter.Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Can societies be rich and green?[A]“If our economies are to flourish,if global poverty is to be eliminated and if the well-being of the world’s people enhanced—not just in this generation but in succeeding generations—we must make sure we take care of the natural environment and resources on which our economic activity depends.”That statement comes not,as you might imagine,from a stereotypical tree-hugging,save-the-world greenie(环保主义者),but from GordonBrown,a politician with a reputation for rigour,thoroughness and above all,caution.[B]A surprising thing for the man who runs one of the world’s most powerful economies to say?Perhaps;though in the run-up to the five-year review of the Millennium(千年的)Goals,he is far from alone.The roots of his speech,given in March at the roundtable meeting of environment and energy ministers from the G20 group of nations,stretch back to 1972,and the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment in Stockholm.[C]“The protection and improvement of the human environment is a major issue which affects the well-being of peoples and economic development throughout the world,”read the final declaration from this gathering,the first ofa sequence which would lead to the Rio de Janeiro Earth Summit in 1992 and the World Development Summit in Johannesburg three years ago.[D]Hunt through the reports prepared by UN agencies and development groups—many for conferences such as this year’s Millennium Goals review—and you will find that the linkage between environmental protection and economic progress is a common thread.[E]Managing ecosystems sustainably is more profitable than exploiting them,according to the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment.But finding hard evidence to support the thesis is not so easy.Thoughts turn first to some sort of global statistic,some indicator which would rate the wealth of nations in both economic and environmental terms and show a relationship between thetwo.[F]If such an indicator exists,it is well hidden.And on reflection,this is not surprising;the single word“environment”has so many dimensions,and there are so many other factors affecting wealth—such as the oil deposits—that teasing out a simple economy-environment relationship would be almost impossible.[G]The Millennium Ecosystem Assessment,a vast four-year global study which reported its initial conclusions earlier this year,found reasons to believe that managing ecosystems sustainably—working with nature rather than against it—might be less profitable in the short term,but certainly brings long-term rewards.[H]And the World Resources Institute(WRI)in its World Resources 2005 report,issued at the end of August,produced several such examples from Africa and Asia;it also demonstrated that environmental degradation affects the poor more than the rich,as poorer people derive a much higher proportion of their income directly from the natural resources around them.[I]But there are also many examples of growing wealth by trashing the environment,in rich and poor parts of the world alike,whether through unregulated mineral extraction,drastic water use for agriculture,slash-and-burn farming,or fossil-fuel-guzzling(大量消耗)transport.Of course,such growth may not persist in the long term—which is what Mr.Brown and the Stockholm declaration were both attempting to point out.Perhaps the best example of boom growth and bust decline is the Grand Banks fishery.For almost five centuries a very large supply of cod(鳕鱼)provided abundant raw material for an industry which at its peak employed about 40,000 people,sustaining entire communities in Newfoundland.Then,abruptly,the cod population collapsed.There were no longer enough fish in the sea for the stock to maintain itself,let alone an industry.More than a decade later,there was no sign of the ecosystem re-building itself.It had,apparently,been fished out of existence;and the once mighty Newfoundland fleet now gropes about frantically for crab on the sea floor.[J]There is a view that modern humans are inevitably sowing the seed of a global Grand Banks-style disaster.The idea is that we are taking more out of what you might call the planet’s environmental bank balance than it can sustain;we are living beyond our ecological means.One recent study attempted to calculate the extent of this“ecological overshoot of the human economy”,and found that we are using 1.2 Earth’s-worth of environmental goods and services—the implication being that at some point the debt will be called in,and all those services—the things which the planet does for us for free—will grind to a halt.[K]Whether this is right,and if so where and when the ecological axe will fall,is hard to determine with any precision—which is why governments and financial institutions are only beginning to bring such risks into their economiccalculations.It is also the reason why development agencies are not united in their view of environmental issues;while some,like the WRI,maintain that environmental progress needs to go hand-in-hand with economic development,others argue that the priority is to build a thriving economy,and then use the wealth created to tackle environmental degradation.[L]This view assumes that rich societies will invest in environmental care.But is this right?Do things get better or worse as we get richer? Here the Stockholm declaration is ambiguous.“In the developing countries,”it says,“most of the environmental problems are caused by under-development.”So it is saying that economic development should make for a cleaner world?Not necessarily;“In the industralised countries,environmental problems are generally related to industrialisation and technological development,”it continues.In other words,poor and rich both over-exploit the natural world,but for different reasons.It’s simply not true that economic growth will surely make our world cleaner.[M]Clearly,richer societies are able to provide environmental improvements which lie well beyond the reach of poorer communities.Citizensof wealthy nations demand national parks,clean rivers,clean air and poison-free food.They also,however,use far more natural resources-fuel,water(all those baths and golf courses)and building materials.[N]A case can be made that rich nations export environmental problems,the most graphic example being climate change.As a country’s wealth grows,so do its greenhouse gas emissions.The figures available will notbe completely accurate.Measuring emissions is not a precise science, particularly when it comes to issues surrounding land use;not all nations have re-leased up-to-date data,and in any case,emissions from some sectors such as aviation are not included in national statistics.But the data is exact enough for a clear trend to be easily discernible.As countries become richer,they produce more greenhouse gases;and the impact of those gases will fall primarily in poor parts of the world.[O]Wealth is not,of course,the only factor involved.The average Norwegian is better off than the average US citizen,but contributes about half as much toclimate change.But could Norway keep its standard of living and yet cut its emissions to Moroccan or even Ethiopian levels?That question,repeated acrossa dozen environmental issues and across our diverse planet,is what will ultimately determine whether the human race is living beyond its ecological means as it pursues economic revival.

阅读理解(本大题共 15小题,共30.0分)ASECONDARY PROGRAMS & RESOURCESPRESENTATION - EXPI . ORING WILD)-LIFE CONSERVATION (1 HOUR)3 per student plus admissionLearn about several of the Toronto Zoo's conservation projects that are workin tosave endangered specie s200 AMBASSALDOR SIULENTVOLUNIEEKSThe Toronto Zoo is looking for secondary students who enjoy interacting with people toasist at spccia I eventsand our summerg-ooCamp..For more information, email tzvolunteers @ torontozoo. ca.HALF-DAY WORKSHOP 一 CLIMATECHANGE4 per student plusadmission. Students will learn about natural and human causescontributing to climate change and th effectit is having on ecosystemsGREEN TECHNOLOCY TOUR (I HOUR)2 per atulecat plus edmissiunLearn about siustainable(可持续的) development practices while visiting a few ot the green projects perfurmed at the Zo oGUIDED TOURS•Endangered Species•Evolution•Climate Change•Wildlife Health CentreAll tours can be adapted lor students with special needs or English as a second lan guageZOO SCHOOLStudents can corn tbeir grode 11 biology credit in the summer at the Torunto Zoo! This unique experience includeg behind-the-scenes tours, getting close to animale.career discussions with Zoo staff and interactive classroom discussions 2019, Repistration now open 2020, Registration dotails gvnilahle early 2019For registration deteils, pleaac vieit： _ toron-tozoo,_com/ educationandcamps/SECONDARY LEVEI ASSIGNMENTS FREE to download from website. Challenge your students to observe read, think, record data and make theirown discoveries at the Zoo zooschoolWILDLIFE HEALTH CENTREEducate your students about the vital behind-the scenes work of the 7oo's wildli sciencc specialists including reproductive sciences nutritional physiology. and conservation andwildife research Viewing times may vary. Please call 416 - 392- - 5932 for 0rrent information.Full program descriptions available at torontozoo com or email schools @torontozoo. cafor more informatiion .1.What opportunity can students get according to the text ?A.Helping in the summer Zoo Camp .B.Feeding and training animals in the zoo .C.Volunteering in the zoo's routine work .D.Earning their grade 10 biology credit .2.How much does a program about climate cost ?A. Free of charge.C. 3. D. 4.3.How can people get all the program information ?A. Call 416-392-5932 .B.Visit : torontozoo . com.C.Email tzvolunteers@torontozoo . ca.D.Visit: torontozoo . com/educationandcamps/zooschoo1.BI have three kids and a great husband and I'm enjoying a career that I find challenging and fun . To the outside world , this feels like "success , " But there is still a voice in my heart asking if this is who I truly am . Only in silence do I hear the self and wonder who that person might be .So I booked a trip to find out. I travelled , for the first time , without my husband or kids . I went to Iceland with a friend , who shares an appreciation for wilderness and silence .For six days, we were immersed (沉浸) in wild, raw scenery and real weather - all kinds of weather. Climbing a mountain against rain and returning to a tent for a simple meal reminds you how little you actually need . And how strong it feels to be uncomfortable sometimes .I found silence in Iceland , and time to consider the me outside of career and the me outside of kinds as I shared stories with strangers .When I stopped talking and just listened , I became more generous. I learned that choosing to be generous can create more space more food and more warmth .But I didn't really gain any better appreciation of what I want from life or my job . I suspect the anxiety that drove me to seek silence in Iceland was losing sight of my ability to choose gratitude and joy , and to be present in the challenges I set in my career and my family .I came home to noise, rush and love, with no less confusion on who I want to be . I know the answer isn't waiting out there on the top of a mountain in Iceland . The answer is in front of me with every step on my own life's path , and in every choice I make .4.Why did the author take a trip to Iceland ?A.To gain a new experience .B.To enjoy family happiness .C.To appreciate natural beauty.D.To better understand herself.5.What do we learn about the author's trip ?A. Exciting . B. Difficult . C. Relaxing . D. Adventurous .6.What change happened to the author?A. She felt lonelier . B. She felt more anxious .C. She became more confident. D. She became more caring.7.What will the author do in the future ?A.Go back to nature.B.Face reality bravely .C.Travel to Iceland more often .D.Pay less attention to her feelings .CIn America , the number of people killed in car crashes in 2016 was above 40, 000 for the first time in a decade, data released on Wednesday shows."Americans believe there is nothing we can do to stop crashes from happening , but that isn't true. We are behind the rest of the developed world in addressing highway fatalities (死亡) . We just haven't been willing to do what needs to be done, "said Deborah A. P. Hersman, president of the National Safety Council .The National Safety Council data shows a 6 percent increase in deaths in 2018 when compared with 2015 and a 3 percent increase in the number of miles Americana drove in 2016 ."Motor vehicle fatality numbers have been ringing the alarm for two years , "Hersman said. "Unfortunately , we have been blind to the data and the killings on our roadways. If we fail to take action , the death tell will continue to rise . ""The trend is clear: After years of progress, highway deaths are heading in the wrong direction, "said Jonathan Adkins , a state safety official .The number of people killed reached a record low of 32 , 675 in 2014, according to NHTSA statistics. That record followed a fairly steady downward track for the past six years that experts attributed it primarily to safety features that have been built into cars and trucks .Safety advances including increased seat-belt use, air bags, anti-lock braking , stability controls and electronic warnings and cameras.The bad economy and high gas prices also influenced the reduction in deaths . Now, with unemployment and gas prices both low , more people are driving for work and pleasure trips . "It's not just that Americans drive more miles when the economy improves ; it's the kind of miles they drive , "said Adrian Lund , president of the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety . 8. What's Hersman's attitude towards the present situation ?A.It has been getting better.B.It can hardly be improved .C.The efforts are far from enough .D.Much work hart already been done .9.What do we learn about the number of highway deaths in 2013 in America ?A.It's lower than that in 2014 .B.It's lower than that in 2010 .C.It's the lowest in recent years .D.It's the highest in recently years .10.What will happen with the economic recovery ?A.The gas prices will go up .B.The gas price will go down .C.There will be more highway deaths .D.There will be fewer highway deaths .11.What would be the best title for the passage ?A.Traffic Deaths Are on the RiseB.Highway Deaths Will Drop offC.Measures to Handle Car CrashesD.Safety Advances in Cars Are MadeDIt sounds almost too good to be true, but a new study on sleeping brains suggests that listening to languages while you sleep can actually help you to learn them .For the study, researchers played recordings of foreign words and their translations to subjects enjoying slow-wave sleep , a stage when a person has 1ittle consciousness of their environment . To ensure that the results were not compromised by foreign language words that subjects may have had some contact with at some point in their waking lives, researchers made up totally nonexistent foreign words .When the subjects woke up , they were presented with the made-up words again without their translations . The subjects were then asked to imagine whether this made-up word indicated an object that was either smaller or larger. This vague( 模糊的) way of testing their understanding of the words is an approach that is supposed to tap into the unconscious memory .Unbelievably , the subjects were able to correctly classify the words in this way at an accuracy rate that was 10 percent higher than random chance. That's not a rate high enough to have them suddenly communicating in a foreign tongue , but it is enough to suggest that the brain is still absorbing information on some level , even during sleep.Researchers have long known that sleep is important for memory , but previously its role in memory was thought to relate only to the preservation and organization of memories acquired during wakefulness . This is the first time that memory formation has been shown to be active during sleep .In other words , our brains are listening to the world , and learning about it, even when our conscious selves are not present.The next step for researchers will be to see if new information can be 1earned quicker during wakefulness if it was already presented during sleep . If so, it could forever change how we train our brains to learn new things . Sleep learning might become a widespread practice .12.Why did researchers use some made-up words in the study?A.To guarantee the accuracy of the test result.B.To increase the difficulty of testing information .C.To avoid the subjects cheating in the experiment .D.To test if our brain are good at learning something new .13.What were the subjects asked to do in the study?A.Classify what they heard by size .B.Make up a word to represent"large"or"small" .C.Repeat the words they heard in the sleep.D.Imagine the meanings of the made-up words .14.What conclusion did researchers draw from this study ?A.Sleep is necessary for a good memory.B.Memory formation goes on during sleep .C.Listening during sleep is good for our brain .D.Learning languages in sleep has better effects.15.What will be the researchers'next plan ?A.To train people how to learn during sleep .B.To prove the existence of unconscious memory .C.To dig out the reason for unconscious learning .D.To study the effect of sleep learning on conscious learning ..

2. 我们的结论立足于不可否认的事实和具体的数据。(rest on)3. 两国未能在谈判中达成一致，于是付诸武力解决争端。(resort to)4. 他的粗心酿成大错。而且，他还不承认。(blunder; acknowledge)5. 作为一个团队，我们要尽力达到巅峰状态，因为我们的成功和每一个人都有利害关系。(have a stake in)

Fill in the blanks in the box with verbs that collocate with decision","life"-|||-and"problem".Then fill in the blanks in the sentences with collocations-|||-from the box.Make changes where necessary.-|||-make a decision change one`s life encounter a problem-|||-announce a decision enjoy one`s life raise a problem-|||-a decision one`s life a problem-|||-(达成决定) (塑造生活) (分析问题)-|||-a decision one`s life a problem-|||-(通过决定) (改善生活) (解决问题)-|||-1 When designing teaching materials and syllabus,a growing number of universities intend to-|||-integrate expanding knowledge with fostering students`abilities in __-|||-......decisions,-|||-tackling problems, and maintaining creativity.-|||-2"The reason why we were unable to __ a decision is that everybody has his or her-|||-own opinion,"he said.

Creative Justice Throwing criminals in jail is an ancient and widespread method of punishment, but is it a wise one It does seem reasonable to keep wrongdoers in a place where they find fewer opportunities to hurt innocent people, and where they might discover that crime doesn’t pay. The system has long been considered fair and sound by those who want to see the guilty punished and society protected. Yet the value of this form of justice is now being questioned by the very men who have to apply it: the judges. The reason, they say, is that prison doesn’t do anyone any good. Does it really help society, or the victim, or the victim’s family, to put in jail a man who, while drunk at the wheel of his car, has injured or killed another person It would be more helpful to make the man pay for his victim’s medical bills and compensate him for the bad experience, the loss of working time, and any other problems arising from the accident. If the victim is dead, in most cases his family could use some financial assistance. The idea of compensation is far from new: some ancient nations had laws defining very precisely what should be paid for every offense and injury. In Babylon, around 2700 B. C., a thief had to give back five times the value of the goods he had stolen; in Rome, centuries later, thieves only paid double. "Good system!" say modern judges, who know what bad effects a prison term can have on a nonviolent first offender. A young thief who spends time in jail receives there a thorough education in crime from his fellow prisoners. Willingly or not, he has to associate with tough criminals who will drag him into more serious offenses, more prison terms ― a life of repeated wrongdoing that will leave a trail of victims and cost the community a great deal of money; for it is very expensive to put a man on trial and keep him in jail. Such considerations have caused a number of English and American judges to try other kinds of punishment for "light" criminals, all unpleasant enough to discourage the offenders from repeating their offenses, but safe for them because they are not exposed to dangerous company. They pay for their crime by "helping their victims, financially or otherwise, or by doing unpaid labor for their community; they may have to work for the poor or the mentally ill, to clean the streets of their town, collect little or plant trees, or to do some work for which they are qualified. Or perhaps they take a job and repay their victim out of their salary. This sort of punishment, called an alternative sentence, is applied only to nonviolent criminals who are not likely to be dangerous to the public, such as forgers, shoplifters, and drivers who have caused traffic accidents. Alternative sentences are considered particularly good for young offenders. The sentenced criminal has the right to refuse the new type of punishment if he prefers a prison term. Since alternative sentences are not defined by law, it is up to the judges to find the punishment that fits the crime. They have shown remarkable imagination in applying what they call "creative justice. " A dentist convicted of killing a motorcyclist while driving drunk has been condemned to fix the teeth of the poor and the elderly at his own expense one day a week for a full year. Another drunk driver (age nineteen) was ordered to work in the emergency room of a hospital once a week for three years, so that he could see for himself the results of careless driving. A thief who had stolen some equipment from a farmer had to raise a pig and a calf for his victim. A former city treasurer, guilty of dishonest actions, was put to raising money for the Red Cross. A group of teenagers were sentenced to fix ten times the number of windows that they had smashed "just for fun" one wild evening. Grafiti artists have been made to scrub walls, benches, and other "decorated" places. Other young offenders caught snatching old ladies’ purses have been condemned to paint or repair old people’s houses or to work in mental hospitals. A doctor who had attacked his neighbor during a snowball fight had to give a lecture on the relation between smoking and cancer. A college professor arrested in a protest demonstration was ordered to write a long essay on civil disobedience, and the president of a film company, who had forged 42,000 worth of checks, had to make a film about the danger of drugs, to be shown in schools. The project cost him 45,000, besides the fine that he had been sentenced to pay. The judges’ creativity is not reserved for individuals only; lawbreaking companies also can receive alternative sentences. They are usually directed to make large contributions to charities or projects that will benefit their community. Instead of trying new types of sentences, some judges have explored new ways of using the old ones. They have given prison term to be served on weekends only, for instance ― a sentence that allows married offenders to retain their jobs and to keep their families together. Although the public tends to find the weekend sentences much too light, the offenders ’do not always agree. Says one, "it’s worse than serving one term full time, because it’s like going to jail twenty times. " But prison personnel object that it is too easy for weekenders to bring drugs and other forbidden goods to the other inmates: they have to be searched carefully and create extra problems and work for the guards. Alternative sentencing is now practiced in seventeen states and is spreading fast. Judges meet regularly to compare sentences and share their experiences. The federal government has announced that it would provide guidelines to prevent the courts from giving widely different sentences for similar offenses. The judges have not welcomed the idea; they feel that it will narrow their choice of sentences and clip the wings of their imagination. The supporters of the new justice point out that it presents many advantages. It reduces prison crowding, which has been responsible for much violence and crime among inmates. It saves a great deal of money, and decreases the chances of bad influence and repeated offenses. It also provides some help to the victims, who have always been neglected in the past. Many judges think that alternative sentences may also be beneficial to the offenders themselves, by forcing them to see the effects of their crimes and the people who have suffered from them. The greatest resistance to the new kind of justice comes from the families of victims who have died. Bent on revenge, many angrily refuse any sort of compensation. They want the criminal locked up in the good old-fashioned way. They believe, reasonably, that the only just punishment is the one that fits the crime. And they fail to understand the purpose of alternative sentencing. What the judges are trying to find is the kind of punishment that will not only be just, but useful to society, by helping the victims and their families, the community, and those offenders who can be reformed. "This," says a "creative" judge, "is true justice. English and American judges are trying to use alternative sentencing to punish ______. A. all criminals B. "light" criminals C. "heavy" criminals D. poor criminals

阅读单选Articles should be typewritten and double spaced,using only one side of the page.-|||-※Your name ,years of birth ,school name (and English teacher), home addressand e-mail-|||-Address must be included.-|||-For photos,place the information on the back of each envelope: PLEASE DON`T FOLD.-|||-※Please keep copies of your text, pictures or photos.-|||-※The sentence MUST BE WRITTEN with your name on each work,"I promise the above work is-|||-completely original(原创的)"-|||-※If your article is chosen,you will receive a copy of School Life and a special gift.-|||-SE ND IT A L L SUN IM E R !★★-|||-For more information,please contact us! Tel:(02)-|||-9213-6116 Fax:(02) 9267-4363-|||--mat: schoollifeacemagazes. com au Mail(1)All the information about the writer must be included EXCEPT the ____.A.school name B.e-mail address C.year of birth D.telephone number(2)What is required for the articles wanted according to the passage?A.They must be fully created by the writers themselves.B.They must be typed in single space and on both sides.C..They must be provided with photos and descriptions.D.They must be sent with the copies of texts and pictures.(3)According to the passage,you can send your articles__.A.within 3 weeks B.during the summer C.all the year round D.during the whole term(4)You cancontact SCHOOL LIFE by these ways EXCEPT .A.making a phone call B.sending an e-mail C.visiting in person. D.writing a letter(5)Who do you think will write articles for SCHOOL LIF?A.Students who are interested in writing.B.Teachers who love writing and taking photosC.Parents who wish their kids to be popular writers.D.Readers who had a happy time in their childhood.Like any good mother, when Karen found out that another baby was on the way, she did what she could to help her 3﹣year﹣old son, Michael, prepare for a new sibling. They find out that the new baby is going to be a girl, and day after day, night after night, Michael sings to his sister in Mommy's tummy. The pregnancy progresses normally for Karen, an active member of the Panther Creek United Methodist Church in Morristown, Tennessee. Then the labor pains come. Every five minutes …every minute. But Complications arise during delivery. Hours of labor. Would a C﹣section be required? Finally, Michael's little sister is born. But she is in serious condition. With siren howling in the night, the ambulance rushes the infant to the neonatal intensive care unit at St. Mary's Hospital in Knoxville, Tennessee. The days inch by. The little girl gets worse. The pediatric specialist tells the parents, "There is very little hope. Be prepared for the worst." Karen and her husband contact a local cemetery about a burial plot. They have fixed up a special room in their home for the new baby ﹣ now they plan a funeral. Michael, keeps begging his parents to let him see his sister, "I want to sing to her, " he says, but kids are never allowed in Intensive Care Unit. However, Karen makes up her mind. She will take Michael whether they like it or not. If he doesn't see his sister now, he may never see her alive. She dresses him in an oversized scrub suit and marches him into ICU. He looks like a walking laundry basket, but the head nurse recognizes him as a child and bellows, "Get that kid out of here now! No children are allowed." The mother rises up strong in Karen, and the usually mild﹣mannered lady glares steel﹣eyed into the head nurse's face, her lips a firm line. "He is not leaving until he sings to his sister!" Karen tows Michael to his sister's bedside. He gazes at the tiny infant losing the battle to live. And he begins to sing. In the pure hearted voice of a 3﹣year﹣old, Michael sings: "You are my sunshine, my only sunshine, you make me happy when skies are gray …"Instantly the baby girl responds. The pulse rate becomes calm and steady. Keep on singing, Michael. "You never know, dear, how much I love you. Please don't take my sunshine away…" The ragged, strained breathing becomes as smooth as a kitten's purr. Keep on singing, Michael. "The other night, dear, as I lay sleeping, I dreamed I held you in my arms…" Michael's little sister relaxes as rest, healing rest, seems to sweep over her. Keep on singing, Michael. Tears conquer the face of the bossy head nurse. Karen glows. "You are my sunshine, my only sunshine. Please don't take my sunshine away." Funeral plans are scrapped. The next day ﹣ the very next day ﹣ the little girl is well enough to go home! The medical staff just called it a miracle. Karen called it a miracle of God's love! Never give up on the people you love. Love is so incredibly powerful.(1)What can we learn from the passage?________A.Michael doesn't love his younger sister because she will share his mother's.B.After delivering the baby, Karen was seriously ill.C.Seeing the younger sister in danger, Michael didn't care and still sang happily.D.The head nurse was at last moved by Michael's song and his love for the sister.(2)Why did Karen insist on Michael's entering Intensive Care Unit ?________A.Because Michael may never have chance to see his younger sister alive.B.ecause Karen was driven mad at that time.C.Because Michael was also seriously ill.D.Because Karen knew Michael would save his younger sister by his singing.(3)Who saved the girl in the end?________A.The baby . B.Karen and her husband. C.The pediatric specialist . D.Her brother Michael.(4)What does the writer want to convey in the passage?________A.Love can make miracles.B.Where there is a will, there is a way.C.A friend in need is a friend indeed.D.Parents are the best teachers in children's development.Bike-sharing has swept across China, with an increasing number of people choosing bike riding instead of driving. The bike that the service company provides has GPS or Bluetooth on it, and those bikes can be easily unlocked with a smart phone and left anywhere in public. Bike-sharing allows people to borrow a bike from one place and return it at another place easily.In some cities, we can see more and more people riding this kind of sharing-bikes. It' s very convenient to use the bikes if you have a smart phone. First, you have to download such an APP on your smart phone. Then what you need to do is to find a nearest bike through the APP, scan the QR code on the bike or connect your phone with the bike over a Bluetooth wireless connection. You will find the bike can be unlocked itself. Then you can enjoy your trip. What' s more, the greatest advantage of bike-sharing is that you can easily find one and never worry about where to park it. The cost of riding depends on the time that you spend. Normally, every hour you ride, you need to pay one yuan. It doesn't cost so much, does it?At the same time, some people park the bikes in their own homes. Besides, some people don' t value the bikes. Now service companies are trying to solve the problem like being stolen.Technology and science have changed our social lifestyles. We have to say bike-sharing brings us more convenience without doubt. And we also hope that people can not only enjoy it but also put it to good use.(1)From the first paragraph, we know ______.A.bike-sharing is invented in ChinaB.sharing-bikes are used by some peopleC.most people in cities don't driveD.sharingbik-es can be borrowed anywhere(2)The underlined word "scan" in Paragraph 2 probably means ________ in Chinese.A.浏览 B.扫描 C.审视 D.细查(3)If you want to use a sharing-bike, you must ________ first.A.have a smart phone and download an APPB.download an APP and pay for the tripC.unlock the bike and download an APPD.find a nearest bike and borrow it from anyone.(4)Which of the following is NOT mentioned in this passage?A.Bike-sharing is very cheap.B.Sharing-bikes may be stolen.C.Sharing-bikes are easy to unlock.D.Bike-sharing is a kind of green transport.(5)The passage probably comes from a ________.A.science textbook B.tourist guide C.website news report D.restaurant menu.

【题目】 综合练习 I.用合适的连接代词或连接副词填空，每空只能填一个词： 1.We haven't discussed yet we are going to place our new furniture. 2.I want to be liked and loved for I am inside 3.-Have you finished the book? -No.Ive read up to the children discover the secret cave. -I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays. -That's I don't agree.You should have a more active life. 5.Part of the reason wihy Charles Dickens loved his own novel,David Copperfield,was it was rather closely modeled on his own life. 6.How much one enjoys himself travelling dapends largely on he goes with,whether his friends cr relatives. She is very dear to us.We have bean prepared to do it takes to save her life. 8.The fact has worried many scientists the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years. 9.Could I speak to is in charge of Intemational Sales please? 10.One of the most important questions thay had to consider was_ of public health. 11.The How to Book can be of help to wants to do the job. 12.As a new diplomat,he often thinks of he can react more appropriately on such occasions 13.News came from the school office Wang Lin had been admitted to Peking University. 14.It Is obvious to the students they should get well prepared for their future. 15.-Is there any possibility you could pick me up at the airport? -No problem. 16.We should consider the students'request the school library provide more books on popular scienoe. 17.Many young people in the West are expected to leave could be life's most important cecison--marnace-almost entirely up to luck.. 18.The little girl who got lost decided to remain she was and wait for her mother 19.The companies are working together to create they hope will be the best means of transport in the 21st century. 20.The last time we had great fun was_ we were visiting the Water Park. 21- A wam thought suadenly came to me I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mother's birthday. -It's thirty years since we last met. -But I still remember the story,balieve it or not, we got lost on a rainy night. 23.See the flags on top of the building?That was we did this moning. 24 -What did ycur parents think about your decision? -They always let me do I think I should. 25 _makes this shop different is that it offers more personal services. 26.Mary wrote an article on the team had failed to win the game 27.Elephants have their own way to tell the shape of an object and it is rough or smooth. 28.Do you have any idea _is actually going cn in the classroom? 29.Danby left words with my secretary he would call again in the afternoon. 30.It makes no difference we'll share the office with 31.I don't know they will do with this old machine. 32.My idea is -we shculd get more pecple to do the work. you can cure a patient or not depends on your skills. 34.It surprised me_ she had married three times. In spite of has recently been done to provide more buses for pecple,a shortage of public vehicles in some areas remains a serious problem. 36.When we cbserve the language behavior of we regard as primitive cultures,we find it surprisingly complicated. 37.Australia has offered to send a small team of police to help investigate the siege, included identifying victims and assisting the farrilies to gat over is now one of the world's biggest tragedies. 38.Word got round quickly throughout the country the national women's volleyball team had won the championship in the Olympic Games. 39.After seemed to be a long time,the singer appeared on the stage,facing the excited audience. 40.Scientists are not sure where the first plant was grown cr even plant it was. 41.It was he showed us at the ccnference shocked all of us. 42 does not strike the hours on a bell should not be called a clock. 43.What he emphasized over and over again was no matter how difficult it might be,they should never retreat even for an inch. 44.We must make sure definite results will be achieved. 45.Evidence has been found through years of study children's early sleeping problem is likely to continue when they grow up. 46. I mace a promise to myself this year,my first year in high school,would be different. 47.The notice came around two in the afternoon the meeting would be postponed. 48.No one has gven clear evidence Snowdon is a Chinese spy. 49.The limits of a person's intelligence,generally speaking,are fixed at birth,but he reaches these limits will depend on his environment. 50. It doesn't matter. you turn right or left at the crossing,both roads lead to the park. 51.The newcomer went to the library the other day and searched for he could find about Mark Twain. 52.Scientists study human brains work to make ccmputers. 53.As many as five courses are provided,and you are free to choose suits you best. 54. Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt_ he could have expressed it differently. 55.It suddenly occurred to him he had left his keys in the office. 56.Everyone in the village is very friendly.It doesn't matter you have lived there for a short or a long time. 57.It is by no means clear the president can do to end the strike. 58.It doesn't matter you pay by cash or credit card in this store. 59.We promise attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star. 60.There is clear evidence. the most difficult feeling of all to interpret is bodily pain. 61.It is still under discussion the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not. 62.It is not always easy for the public to see_ _use a new invention can be of to human life. 63.Beiore a problem can te solved,it must be obvious the problem itself is. 64.The shocking news made me realize terrible prcblems we would face. 65.It was never clear. the man hadn't reported the accident sooner. 66.His writing is so confusing that it's difficult to make out it is that he is trying to express 67.Our teachers always tell us to believe in we do and who we are if we want to succeed. 68.Twenty students want to attend the class that aims to teach to read fast. 69.When the news came the war broke out,he decided to serve in the army. 70.Modern science has given clear evidence smoking can lead to many diseases. 71.I'd like to start my own business-that's_ I'd do if I had the monay. 72.Despite the fact_ they lacked food,the explorers continued towards the goal. 73.Portable videophones will show us is happering at the other end of the line 74.I have no idea _the journalist could have got his information from. 75. comes will be weloomed to the open-air ooncert