Fill in the blanks with the words given below.Change the form where necessary.Each word can be used only once. breed commercial deserve humble miraclepeer soar tend transform vigor （1）The soldiers ____ our special thanks for their efforts to rescue people in the flood.（2）We ____ to get very cold winters and quite cool summers in this part of the country.（3）It is a ____ that the firefighters saved everyone in the building from the huge fire.（4）Temperatures in this city have ____ to above 38°C in recent weeks.（5）He used to worry about making mistakes in front of his ____ ，but he has learned to be very confident.（6）People are beginning to realize that to ____ nature at will is the biggest mistake that man has ever made.（7）To our delight，after the surgery，he went back to his work with renewed ____ .（8）At this time of year，the birds return to this small island to ____ .（9）She has achieved great success in her career，but she is very ____ about it.（10）Due to all the employees' effort，the ____ future of the company looks very bright.

Inequality Is Not Inevitable[A] A dangerous trend has developed over this past third of a century. A country that experienced shared growth after World War II began to tear apart, so much so that when the Great Recession hit in late 2007, one could no longer ignore the division that had come to define the American economic landscape. How did this "shining city on a hill" become the advanced country with the greatest level of inequality? [B] Over the past year and a half, The Great Divide, a series in The New York Times, has presented a wide range of examples that undermine the notion that there are any truly fundamental laws of capitalism. The dynamics of the imperial capitalism of the 19th century needn't apply in the democracies of the 21st. We don't need to have this much inequality in America.[C] Our current brand of capitalism is a fake capitalism. For proof of this go back to our response to the Great Recession, where we socialized losses, even as we privatized gains. Perfect competition should drive profits to zero, at least theoretically, but we have monopolies making persistently high profits. C.E.O.s enjoy incomes that are on average 295 times that of the typical worker, a much higher ratio than in the past, without any evidence of a proportionate increase in productivity.[D] If it is not the cruel laws of economics that have led to America's great divide, what is it? The straightforward answer: our policies and our politics. People get tired of hearing about Scandinavian success stories, but the fact of the matter is that Sweden, Finland and Norway have all succeeded in having about as much or faster growth in per capita （人均的） incomes than the United States and with far greater equality.[E] So why has America chosen these inequality-enhancing policies? Part of the answer is that as World War Ⅱ faded into memory, so too did the solidarity it had created. As America triumphed in the Cold War, there didn't seem to be a real competitor to our economic model. Without this international competition, we no longer had to show that our system could deliver for most of our citizens.[F] Ideology and interests combined viciously. Some drew the wrong lesson from the collapse of the Soviet system in 1991. The pendulum swung from much too much government there to much too little here. Corporate interests argued for getting rid of regulations, even when those regulations had done so much to protect and improve our environment, our safety, our health and the economy itself.[G] But this ideology was hypocritical （虚伪的）. The bankers, among the strongest advocates of laissez-faire （自由放任的） economics, were only too willing to accept hundreds of billions of dollars from the government in the aid programs that have been a recurring feature of the global economy since the beginning of the Thatcher-Reagan era of "free" markets and deregulation.[H] The American political system is overrun by money. Economic inequality translates into political inequality, and political inequality yields increasing economic inequality. So corporate welfare increases as we reduce welfare for the poor. Congress maintains subsidies for rich farmers as we cut back on nutritional support for the needy. Drug companies have been given hundreds of billions of dollars as we limit Medicaid benefits. The banks that brought on the global financial crisis got billions while a tiny bit went to the homeowners and victims of the same banks' predatory （掠夺性的） lending practices. This last decision was particularly foolish. There were alternatives to throwing money at the banks and hoping it would circulate through increased lending.[I] Our divisions are deep. Economic and geographic segregation has immunized those at the top from the problems of those down below. Like the kings of ancient times, they have come to perceive their privileged positions essentially as a natural right.[J] Our economy, our democracy and our society have paid for these gross inequalities. The true test of an economy is not how much wealth its princes can accumulate in tax havens （庇护所）, but how well off the typical citizen is. But average incomes are lower than they were a quarter-century ago. Growth has gone to the very, very top, whose share has almost increased four times since 1980. Money that was meant to have trickled （流淌） down has instead evaporated in the agreeable climate of Cayman Islands.[K] With almost a quarter of American children younger than 5 living in poverty, and with America doing so little for its poor, the deprivations of one generation are being visited upon the next. Of course, no country has ever come close to providing complete equality of opportunity. But why is America one of the advanced countries where the life prospects of the young are most sharply determined by the income and education of their parents? [L] Among the most bitter stories in The Great Divide were those that portrayed the frustrations of the young, who long to enter our shrinking middle class. Soaring tuitions and declining incomes have resulted in larger debt burdens. Those with only a high school diploma have seen their incomes decline by 13 percent over the past 35 years.[M] Where justice is concerned, there is also a huge divide. In the eyes of the rest of the world and a significant part of its own population, mass imprisonment has come to define America—a country, it bears repeating, with about 5 percent of the world's population but around a fourth of the world's prisoners.[N] Justice has become a commodity, affordable to only a few. While Wall Street executives used their expensive lawyers to ensure that their ranks were not held accountable for the misdeeds that the crisis in 2008 so graphically revealed, the banks abused our legal system to foreclose （取消赎回权） on mortgages and eject tenants, some of whom did not even owe money.[O] More than a half-century ago, America led the way in advocating for the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, adopted by the United Nations in 1948. Today, access to health care is among the most universally accepted rights, at least in the advanced countries. America, despite the implementation of the Affordable Care Act, is the exception. In the relief that many felt when the Supreme Court did not overturn the Affordable Care Act, the implications of the decision for Medicaid were not fully appreciated. Obamacare's objective—to ensure that all Americans have access to health care—has been blocked: 24 states have not implemented the expanded Medicaid program, which was the means by which Obamacare was supposed to deliver on its promise to some of the poorest.[P] We need not just a new war on poverty but a war to protect the middle class. Solutions to these problems do not have to be novel. Far from it. Making markets act like markets would be a good place to start. We must end the rent-seeking society we have gravitated toward, in which the wealthy obtain profits by manipulating the system.[Q] The problem of inequality is not so much a matter of technical economics. It's really a problem of practical politics. Inequality is not just about the top marginal tax rate but also about our children's access to food and the right to justice for all. If we spent more on education, health and infrastructure （基础设施）, we would strengthen our economy, now and in the future.In theory, free competition is supposed to reduce the margin of profits to the minimum. The United States is now characterized by a great division between the rich and the poor. America lacked the incentive to care for the majority of its citizens as it found no rival for its economic model. The wealthy top have come to take privileges for granted. Many examples show the basic laws of imperial capitalism no longer apply in present-day America. The author suggests a return to the true spirit of the market. A quarter of the world's prisoner population is in America. Government regulation in America went from one extreme to the other in the past two decades. Justice has become so expensive that only a small number of people like corporate executives can afford it. No country in the world so far has been able to provide completely equal opportunities for all.

We also_the research facilities available and license technology from independent sources.A. generateB. plungeC. plug inD. plum

二、Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) (总题数:1,分数:71.00)Minority Report American universities are accepting more minorities than ever. Graduating them is another matter. Bill Mills, the president of Bowdoin Colledge, was justifiably proud of Bowdoin’s efforts to recruit minority students. Since 2003 the small, elite liberal arts school in Brunswick, Maine, has boosted the proportion of so-called under-represented minority students in entering freshman classes from 8% to 13%. “It is our responsibility to reach out and attract students to come to our kinds of places,”he told a NEWSWEEK reporter. But Bowdion has not done quite as well when it comes to actually graduating minorities. While 9 out of 10 black students routinely get their diplomas within six years, only 7 out of 10 black students made it to graduation day in several recent classes. “If you look at who enters college, it now looks like America,” says Hilary Pennington, director of postsecondary programs for the Bill&Melinda Gates Foundation, which has closely studied enrollment paterns in higher education. But if you look at who walks across the stage for a diploma,it’s still largely the white upper-income populaion.” The United States once had the highest graduation rate of any nation. Now it stands 10th. For the first time in American history, there is the risk that the rising generation will be less well educated than the previous one. The graduation rate among 25- to 34-year-olds is no better than the rate for the 55-to 64-year-olds who were going to college more than 30 years ago. Studies show that more and more poor and non-white students want to graduate from college-but their graduation rated fall far short of their dreams. The graduation rates for whites and Asians. As the minority population grows in the United States, low college graduation rates become a threat to national prosperity. The problem is pronounced at public universities. In 2007 the University of Wisconsin-Madison-one of the top five or so prestigious public universties-graduated 81% of its white students within six years, but only 56% of its blacks. At less-selective state schools, the numbers get worse. During the same time frame, the University of Northern lowa graduated 67% of its white students, but only 39% of its blacks. Community colleges have low graduation rates generally-but rockbottom rates for minorities. A recent review of California community colleges found that while a third of the Asian students picked up their degrees, only 15% of African Americans did so as well. Private colleges and universities generally do better, partly because they offer smaller classes and more personal attention. But when it comes to a significant graduation gap, Bowdoin had company. Nearby Colby College logged an 18-point difference between white and black graduates in 2007 and 25 points in 2006. Middlebury College in Vermont, another top school, had a 19-point gap in 2007 and a 22-points in 2006. The most selective private schools-Harvard, Yale, and Princeton show almost no gap between black and white gradation rates. But that may have more to do with their ability to select the best students. According to data gathered by Harvard Law School professor Lani Guinier, the most selective schools are more likely to choose blacks who have at least one immigrant parent from Africa or the Caribbean than black students who are descendants of American slaves. “Higher education has been able to duck this issue for years, paticularly the more selective schools,by saying the responsibility is on the individual student,” says Pennington of the Gates Foundation.” If they fail, it’s their fault.” Some critics blame afformative action-students admitted with lower test scores and grades from shaky high schools often struggle at elite schools. But a bigger problem may be that poorhigh schools often send their students to colleges for which they are “undermatched”,they could get into more elite, richer schoold, but instedad go to community colleges and low-rated state schools that lack the resources to help them. Some schools out for profit cynically increase tuitions and count on student loans and federal aid to foot the bill-knowing full well that the students won’t make it. “ The school keeps the money, but the kid leaves with loads of debt and no degree and no ability to get a better job. College are not holding up their end,” says Amy Wilkins of the Education Trust. A college education is getting ever more expensive, Since 1982 tuitions have been rising at roughly twice the rate of inflation. In 2008 the net cost of attending a four-year public university-after financial aid-equaled 28% of median (中间的) family income, while a four-year private university cost 76% of median family income. More and more scholarships are based on merit, not need. Poorer students are not always the best-informed cunsumers. Often they wind up deeply in debt or simply unable to pay after a year or two and must drop out. There once was a time when universities took pride in their dropout rates. Professors would begin the year by saying ,”Look to the right and look to the left. One of you is not going to be here by theend of the year.” But such a Darwinian spirit is beginning to give way as at least a few colleges face up to the graduation gap. At the university of Wisconsin Madison, the gap has beeen roughly halved over the last three years. The university had poured resources into peer counseling to help students from inner-city schools adjust to the rigor(严格要求) and faster pace of a university classroon-and also to help minority students overcome the stereotype that they are less qualified. Wisconsin has a “laserlike focus” on building up student skills in the first three months, according to vice provost (教务长)Damon Williams. State and federal governments could sharpen that focus everywhere by broadly publishing minority graduation rates. For years private colleges such as Princeton and MIT have has success bringing minorities onto campus in the summer before freshman year to give them some preparatory courses.The newer trend is to start recruiting poor and no-white students as early as the seventy grade, using innovative tools to identify kids with sophisticated verbal skills. Such programs can be expensive,of course but cheap compared with the millions already invested in scholarships and grants for kids who have little chance to graduate without special support. With efforts and money, the graduation gap can be closed. Washington and Lee is a small, selective school in Lexington.Va. Its student body is less than 5% black and less than 2% Latino. While the school usually graduated about 90% of its whites, the graduation rate of its blacks and Latinos had dipped to 63% by 2007. “We went through a dramatic shift,” says Dawn watkins the vice president for student affairs. The school aggressively pushed mentoring of minorities by other students and “partnering” with parents at a special pre-enrollment session. The school had its first-ever black homecoming. Last spring the school graduated the same proportion of minorities as it did whites. If the United States wants to keep up in the global economic race, it will have to pay systematic attention to graduating manorities, not just enrolling them.(分数:71.00)Questions 47 to 51 are based on the following passage. How good are you at saying “no”? For many, it's surprisingly difficult. This is especially true of editors, who by nature tend to be eager and engaged participants in everything they do. Consider these scenarios: It’s late in the day. That front page package you’ve been working on is nearly complete;one last edit and it's finished. Enter the executive editor, who makes a suggestion requiring a more-than-modest rearrangement of the design and the addition of an information box. You want to scream: “No! It’s done!” What do you do? The first rule of saying no to the boss is don’t say no. She probably has something in mind when she makes suggestions, and it’s up to you to find out what. The second rule is don’t raise the stakes by challenging her authority. That issue is already decided. The third rule is to be ready to cite options and consequences. The boss’s suggestions might be appropriate, but there are always consequenses. She might not know about the pages backing up that need attention, or about the designer who had to go home sick. Tell her she can have what she wants, but explain the consequences. Understand what she’s trying to accomplish and propose a Plan B that will make it happen without destroying what you’ve done so far. Here is another case. Your least-favorite reporter suggests a dumb story idea. This one should be easy, but it’s not. If you say no, even politely, you risk inhibiting further ideas, not just from that reporter,but from others who heard that you turned down the idea. This scenario is common in newsrooms that lack a systematic way to filter story suggestions. Two steps are necessary. First, you need a system for how stories are preposed and reviewed.Reporters can tolerate rejection of their ideas if they believe they were given a fair hearing. Your gut reaction (本能反应) and dismissive rejection, even of a worthless idea, might not qualify as systematic or fair. Second, the people you work with need to negotiate a “What if…?” agreement covering “What if my idea is turned town?” How are people expected to react? Is there an appeal process?Can they refine the idea and resubmit it? By anticipating “What if…?” situations before they happen, you can reach understanding that will help ease you out of confrontations. 注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2 上作答。(分数:35.50)(1).Instead of directly saying to your boss, you should find out 1.(分数:7.10)填空项1:__________________ (正确答案:what is in your boss's mind)

Fill in the blanks in the box with verbs that collocate with decision","life"-|||-and"problem".Then fill in the blanks in the sentences with collocations-|||-from the box.Make changes where necessary.-|||-make a decision change one`s life encounter a problem-|||-announce a decision enjoy one`s life raise a problem-|||-a decision one`s life a problem-|||-(达成决定) (塑造生活) (分析问题)-|||-a decision one`s life a problem-|||-(通过决定) (改善生活) (解决问题)-|||-1 When designing teaching materials and syllabus,a growing number of universities intend to-|||-integrate expanding knowledge with fostering students`abilities in __-|||-......decisions,-|||-tackling problems, and maintaining creativity.-|||-2"The reason why we were unable to __ a decision is that everybody has his or her-|||-own opinion,"he said.

Creative Justice Throwing criminals in jail is an ancient and widespread method of punishment, but is it a wise one It does seem reasonable to keep wrongdoers in a place where they find fewer opportunities to hurt innocent people, and where they might discover that crime doesn’t pay. The system has long been considered fair and sound by those who want to see the guilty punished and society protected. Yet the value of this form of justice is now being questioned by the very men who have to apply it: the judges. The reason, they say, is that prison doesn’t do anyone any good. Does it really help society, or the victim, or the victim’s family, to put in jail a man who, while drunk at the wheel of his car, has injured or killed another person It would be more helpful to make the man pay for his victim’s medical bills and compensate him for the bad experience, the loss of working time, and any other problems arising from the accident. If the victim is dead, in most cases his family could use some financial assistance. The idea of compensation is far from new: some ancient nations had laws defining very precisely what should be paid for every offense and injury. In Babylon, around 2700 B. C., a thief had to give back five times the value of the goods he had stolen; in Rome, centuries later, thieves only paid double. "Good system!" say modern judges, who know what bad effects a prison term can have on a nonviolent first offender. A young thief who spends time in jail receives there a thorough education in crime from his fellow prisoners. Willingly or not, he has to associate with tough criminals who will drag him into more serious offenses, more prison terms ― a life of repeated wrongdoing that will leave a trail of victims and cost the community a great deal of money; for it is very expensive to put a man on trial and keep him in jail. Such considerations have caused a number of English and American judges to try other kinds of punishment for "light" criminals, all unpleasant enough to discourage the offenders from repeating their offenses, but safe for them because they are not exposed to dangerous company. They pay for their crime by "helping their victims, financially or otherwise, or by doing unpaid labor for their community; they may have to work for the poor or the mentally ill, to clean the streets of their town, collect little or plant trees, or to do some work for which they are qualified. Or perhaps they take a job and repay their victim out of their salary. This sort of punishment, called an alternative sentence, is applied only to nonviolent criminals who are not likely to be dangerous to the public, such as forgers, shoplifters, and drivers who have caused traffic accidents. Alternative sentences are considered particularly good for young offenders. The sentenced criminal has the right to refuse the new type of punishment if he prefers a prison term. Since alternative sentences are not defined by law, it is up to the judges to find the punishment that fits the crime. They have shown remarkable imagination in applying what they call "creative justice. " A dentist convicted of killing a motorcyclist while driving drunk has been condemned to fix the teeth of the poor and the elderly at his own expense one day a week for a full year. Another drunk driver (age nineteen) was ordered to work in the emergency room of a hospital once a week for three years, so that he could see for himself the results of careless driving. A thief who had stolen some equipment from a farmer had to raise a pig and a calf for his victim. A former city treasurer, guilty of dishonest actions, was put to raising money for the Red Cross. A group of teenagers were sentenced to fix ten times the number of windows that they had smashed "just for fun" one wild evening. Grafiti artists have been made to scrub walls, benches, and other "decorated" places. Other young offenders caught snatching old ladies’ purses have been condemned to paint or repair old people’s houses or to work in mental hospitals. A doctor who had attacked his neighbor during a snowball fight had to give a lecture on the relation between smoking and cancer. A college professor arrested in a protest demonstration was ordered to write a long essay on civil disobedience, and the president of a film company, who had forged 42,000 worth of checks, had to make a film about the danger of drugs, to be shown in schools. The project cost him 45,000, besides the fine that he had been sentenced to pay. The judges’ creativity is not reserved for individuals only; lawbreaking companies also can receive alternative sentences. They are usually directed to make large contributions to charities or projects that will benefit their community. Instead of trying new types of sentences, some judges have explored new ways of using the old ones. They have given prison term to be served on weekends only, for instance ― a sentence that allows married offenders to retain their jobs and to keep their families together. Although the public tends to find the weekend sentences much too light, the offenders ’do not always agree. Says one, "it’s worse than serving one term full time, because it’s like going to jail twenty times. " But prison personnel object that it is too easy for weekenders to bring drugs and other forbidden goods to the other inmates: they have to be searched carefully and create extra problems and work for the guards. Alternative sentencing is now practiced in seventeen states and is spreading fast. Judges meet regularly to compare sentences and share their experiences. The federal government has announced that it would provide guidelines to prevent the courts from giving widely different sentences for similar offenses. The judges have not welcomed the idea; they feel that it will narrow their choice of sentences and clip the wings of their imagination. The supporters of the new justice point out that it presents many advantages. It reduces prison crowding, which has been responsible for much violence and crime among inmates. It saves a great deal of money, and decreases the chances of bad influence and repeated offenses. It also provides some help to the victims, who have always been neglected in the past. Many judges think that alternative sentences may also be beneficial to the offenders themselves, by forcing them to see the effects of their crimes and the people who have suffered from them. The greatest resistance to the new kind of justice comes from the families of victims who have died. Bent on revenge, many angrily refuse any sort of compensation. They want the criminal locked up in the good old-fashioned way. They believe, reasonably, that the only just punishment is the one that fits the crime. And they fail to understand the purpose of alternative sentencing. What the judges are trying to find is the kind of punishment that will not only be just, but useful to society, by helping the victims and their families, the community, and those offenders who can be reformed. "This," says a "creative" judge, "is true justice. English and American judges are trying to use alternative sentencing to punish ______. A. all criminals B. "light" criminals C. "heavy" criminals D. poor criminals

三、 阅读理解（共 4 题）12. 【题目】阅读短文，下列问题AMin Sun, with another name of Ziqian, was a famous man in the State of Lu during the Springand Autumn Period. He was a student of Confucius. Among all students of Confucius, he wascompared with Yan Yuan.Min Sun's mother died very early. Later his father took another wife,who gave birth to twosons. The stepmothermistreatedMin Sun—in winter,while two younger brothers wore warmclothes made of cotton, Min Sun only wore clothes made of reed catkins（芦花）.One day, he followed his father to go out. When pulling the chariot（马车）, Min Sun felt socold that he dropped the rope onto the ground. Then his father beat him. Just then the reedcatkins flew out from the broken clothes and his father knew that Min Sun was mistreated. Hewas very angry.After the father returned home, he wanted to divorce（休掉） his wife. Min Sun fell on hisknees and begged his father to forgive his stepmother. He said, “If Mother stays at home, onlyI myself have to stand cold.But if you divorce Mother, all three children have to suffer fromcold.”His father was deeply moved and took Min Sun's advice. The stepmother heard of this, feltsorry and knew her mistakes. From then on, she treated Min Sun as her own son.（1）How many children were there in Min Sun's family?A.One.B.Two.C.Three.D.Four.（2）The underlined word “mistreated” in the passage means “________”.A.对待B.款待C.虐待D.善待（3）Why was Min Sun's father still angry after beating him?A.Because Min Sun went out with him.B.ecause Min Sun felt very cold.C.Because Min Sun dropped the rope.D.Because Min Sun was mistreated.（4）Which of the following is right?A.Min Sun was not as excellent as Yan Yuan.B.Min Sun's father forgave his wife.C.Min Sun's father divorced his wife.D.Min Sun's stepmother was always kind.（5）According to the story, Min Sun is a _______ person.A.filial（孝顺的）B.lovelyC.smartD.brave13. 【题目】阅读短文，下列问题BMark Twain tells a boy's story inThe Adventure of Huckleberry Finn. Huck is a poor childwithout a mother and a home. His father drinks too much alcohol(酒精) and always beats him.Huck's situation frees him from therestrictionof society. He explores in the woods and goesfishing. He stays out all night and does not go to school. He also smokes. Huck runs awayfrom home. He meets Jim, a black man who has escaped (逃脱) from slavery(奴隶制). Theytravel together on a raft (木筏) made of wood down the Mississippi River. Mark Twain startedwriting “Huckleberry Finn” as a children's story. But it soon became serious. The story tellsabout the social evil of slavery,which is seen through the eyes of an innocent child. Huck'sideas about people are formed by the white society in which he lives. So, at first, he does notquestion slavery. Huck knows that important people believe slavery is natural and this is thelaw of God. So, he thinks it is his duty to tell Jim's owners where to find him.Later, Huck comes to understand that Jim is a good man. He finds he cannot carry out his planto inform Jim's owners of his whereabouts (下落). Instead, he decides to help Jim escape. Hedecides to do this, even if God punishes him.（1）The underlined word “restriction” probably means _________.A.something that you are expected to doB.something that you are not allowed to doC.something that you are able to doD.something that you look forward to doing（2）Which of the following about Huck is NOT true?A.His father likes to beat him. B.He doesn't go to school.C.He lives with his mother.D.He smokes.（3）What can we infer from the passage?A.Huck will be punished by God for what he does.B.Huck's childhood is full of happiness.C.It's Huck's situation that makes him decide to help Jim escape.D.Huck is a white boy.（4）Why does Huck change his mind at last?A.He has made friends with Jim.B.He finds out the weakness of slavery.C.He finds that Jim is a good man.D.God tells him to do so.（5）What is the passage mainly about?A.The outline (概要) ofThe Adventure of Huckleberry Finn.B.The childhood of Huckleberry.C.The reason why Mark Twain wrote the story.D.The effect of slavery.14. 【题目】阅读短文，下列问题CI loved my mother's desk since I was just tall enough to see above the top of it when mothersat doing letters. Looking at the ink bottle, pens and white paper, I decided that the act ofwriting must be the most wonderful thing in the world.Years later, during her final illness, mother kept different things for my sister and brother,“But the desk,” she said again, “is for Elizabeth.”I never saw her get angry, and never saw her cry. I knew she loved me, and she showed it inaction. But as a young girl, I wanted heart-to-heart talks between mother and daughter.They never happened and agulfopened between us. I was “too emotional (易动感情的)”, butshe lived“on the surface”.As years went by, I had my own family. I loved my mother and thanked her for our happyfamily. I wrote to her in careful words and asked her to let me know in any way that she didforgive (原谅) me.I posted the letter and waited for her answer. It didn't come.It seemed that nothing happened. I couldn't be sure that the letter had even got to her.I only knew that I had written it, and I could stop trying to make her into someone she wasnot.Now the present of her desk told me that she was pleased that writing was my chosen work,though she had never been able to. I cleaned the desk carefully and found some papersinside...a photo of my father and a one-paper letter. Folded(折叠) and refolded many times.Give me an answer, my letter asks, in any way you choose. Mother, you always chose the actthat speaks louder than words.（1）The writer began to love her mother's desk ______.A.after mother diedB.when she was a childC.before she became a writerD.when mother gave it to her（2）The passage shows that mother______.A.was too serious about everything her daughter had doneB.was cold on the surface but kind in her heart to her daughterC.cared much about her daughter in wordsD.wrote to her daughter in careful words（3）The word “gulf” in the 4th paragraph means _____.A.deep understanding between the old and the youngB.part of the sea going far in landC.free talks between mother and daughterD.different ideas between mother and daughter（4）What did mother do with her daughter's letter asking for forgiveness?A.She read the letter again and again till she died.B.For years, she often talked about the letter.C.She didn't forgive her daughter at all in her life.D.She had never received the letter.（5）What's the best title of the passage?A.My Letter to MotherB.Mother and ChildrenC.My Mother's DeskD.Talks Between Mother and Me15. 【题目】阅读短文，下列问题DIn the USA, there are many types of restaurants. Fast food restaurants are very famous. Youcan find McDonald's and Kentucky Fried Chicken everywhere.You look at a menu above thecounter(柜台), and say what you'd like to eat. You pay the person who serves you. There's noneed to leave a tip. In a coffee shop you sit at the counter or at a table. You don't need to waitfor the waitress to show you where to sit. She usually brings you coffee when you sit down.You tell her what you'd like to eat and she brings it to you. You paythe cashier (出纳员) asyou leave.A diner is like a coffee shop but usually looks like a railway carriage (火车车厢). Ina family restaurant, the atmosphere is casual, but the waitress shows you where to sit. Oftenthe waitress tells you her name, but you don't need to tell her yours. You add an extra fifteenpercent to the bill as a tip. In top class restaurants, you need a reservation (预定) and you needto arrive on time. The waiter shows you where to sit. If you have wine, he may ask you totaste it. You can only refuse it if it tastes bad. When you get your bill,check it and then addfifteen to twenty percent to it as a tip for the waiter.（1）Where are these restaurants?A.In France.B.In China.C.In America.D.In Japan.（2）Which of the following is TRUE about fast food restaurants?A.There is no waitress in them.B.You need to pay a tip.C.The menu is above the counter.D.It’s hard to find fast food restaurants in the US.（3）In what kind of restaurant should you book before you arrive?A.In a top class restaurant.B.In a fast food restaurant.C.In a coffee shop.D.In a family restaurant.（4）How much do you need to tip at most in a top class restaurant?A.Ten percent.B.Twenty percent.C.Thirty percent.D.Forty percent.（5）What's the passage mainly about?A.How to pay for your food.B.Where to find different restaurants.C.How to give a tip to waitresses.D.ifferent restaurants in the US.

Listening Comprehension Section A Directions：In section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers．At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said．The conversation and the question will be spoken only once．After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard． 1． W：Can you describe what you do? M：I wash office building windows．I go high up in the basket to reach the windows． Q：What is the man's job? A．A basketball player． B．A laundry worker． C．A window washer． D．A rock climber 2． M：Should we go out or eat in tonight? W：I am too tired to do any cooking． Q：What does the woman imply? A．She is not hungry． B．She wants to cook． C．She is not tired． D．She wants to dine out． 3． M：Hi, Grace．Tell me something about your hometown． W：It's so beautiful and peaceful．But it's really far away from everything． Q：What does the woman think of her hometown? A．Promising B．Isolated C．Crowded D．Modern 4． W：My printer is out of paper．I will run and get some． M：I will go with you．I need some fresh air． Q：Where will the speakers probably go? A．To a stationery shop． B．To a gymnasium． C．To a paint store． D．To a news stand． 5． M：I don't like the prices on the menu．They always seem too high． W：You will have a different view after eating the delicious food． Q：What does the woman mean? A．The man can see a different view． B．The food is not tasty enough． C．The man cannot afford the food． D．The food is worth the price． 6．M：I had a hard time getting through the novel． W：I know how you feel．Who could remember the names of 35 different characters? Q：What does the woman imply? A．She reads different kinds of books． B．She also finds the book difficult to read． C．She is impressed by the characters． D．She knows well how to remember names． 7．W：Why haven't we received any newspapers yet? M：Well, sometimes it takes a while for the post office to deliver it． Q：What can we learn from the conversation? A．The man will go to the post office． B．The post office is closed for the day． C．The woman is expecting the newspaper． D．The delivery boy has been dismissed． 8．M：My roommate and I are going to see a film tonight．And we are leaving at7∶40．Do you want to join us? W：Sure．But my class ends at 7：30．And the professor never finishes on time． Q：What can we learn about the woman? A．She is not sure if she can join them． B．She will skip the class to see the film． C．She will ask the professor for leave． D．She does not want to see a film． 9．W：Now that you are on the business, what's your advice for someone to become a fashion designer? M：Go to school．I mean it．Find a good school and learn as much as you can． Q：What does the man mean? A．Fashion designing is a booming business． B．School learning is a must for fashion designers． C．He hopes to attend a good fashion school． D．The woman should become a fashion designer． 10．W：Slow down．You are passing every car on the road． M：Most drivers usually ignore the speed limit unless they think the police will stop them． Q：What does the man mean? A．Few people drive within the speed limit． B．Drivers usually obey traffic rules． C．The speed limit is really reasonable． D．The police stop most drivers for speeding Section B Directions：In section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages．The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once．When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard． Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage． I am Lynn．My previous job was as principal of a language school, where I received awards for training teachers to teach more effectively．A year ago, I started an international company．I spent months conducting programs in the US and Russia．During this time, some Russian immigrants came to stay at my house．Fortunately, these visitors helped a lot at home and made life easier．At the same time, I wrote several books to be published by my company and coedited a book for a major publisher． I am grateful I have a photographic memory, so I can remember everything I see．Otherwise, I might not be that productive．In addition to my work, I have a family at home．Some of my children have had serious health problems from birth, but I try to handle those problems well and efficiently．With tremendous help from my parents, the kids are fed, and clothed, and educated． I am busy from the time I get up until the time I go to bed．My time has to be carefully planned．I do not like to be interrupted because I want to accomplish my goals． Questions： 11．What was the speaker's previous job? 12．What helps to make the speaker productive according to the passage? 13．What does the passage mainly tell us? 11．A．A book publisher．B．A company manager． C．A magazine editor． D．A school principal． 12．A．Some training experience． B．A happy family． C．Russian assistants' help． D．A good memory． 13．A．Lynn's devotion to the family． B．Lynn's busy and successful life． C．Lynn's great performance at work． D．Lynn's efficiency in conducting programs． Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage． Job interviews can generally be divided into three types． The first is what I would call the traditional interview．This is usually just a series of standard questions about qualifications, work experience and expectations．So what you have here is basically a list of quite direct questions, like what duties did you have in your previous job．This is still the model for a lot of interviews today．In my view it's not the best to select staff． Then there is the case interview．Here the interviewer presents a problem and a series of questions to find out how the candidate would approach the problem．It might go something like this, ‘A company wants to hire more graduates without spending more than its current budget．What would you advise them to do? ’This can be particularly challenging, for you need to analyze the problem and solve it． The third type is known as the behavioral interview．The questions are usually designed to find out about how the candidates handle tricky situations in the past．A typical question might be ‘Can you give me an example of a situation where you had to follow orders that you didn't agree with? ’ This opens up a lot of information and the interviewer gets to see more of the candidate． Questions： 14．What kind of questions are usually asked in the traditional interview? 15．What does the case interview focus on about the candidate? 16．What does the speaker mainly talk about? 14．A．Economic questions． B．Routine questions．C．Academic questions． D．Challenging questions． 15．A．Work experience． B．Educational qualifications． C．Problem－solving abilities． D．lnfomation－gathering abilities． 16．A．Features of different types of interview． B．Skills in asking interview questions． C．Changes in three interview models． D．Suggestions for different job interviews． Section C Directions：In section C, you will hear two longer conversations．The conversations will be read twice．After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard．Write your answers on your answer sheet． 1． W：Hi, Bruce, it's Naomi． M：Hi, Naomi． W：I'm calling about the conference in Shanghai on November 8th．We have to make some changes． M：OK, go ahead． W：I don't think the peace guardian will be big enough．We need a center that can seat at least 600． M：That many? Any suggestions? W：The Palace Center will be free that day, but it will mean increasing the registration fee by ＄50．From ＄800 to ＄850． M：That won't be a problem．Anything else? W：Milan University says they are sending Carla Marisco instead of Professor Bertoni．But the talk would be the same, Opportunities and Risks in the African Market． M：Fine．Make those changes and all inform everyone at my end． Complete the form．Write ONE WORD for each answer．Latest Conferencernformat-|||-Latest Conferencernformat-|||-Place:Palace 18 Shanghai-|||-Registration fee: 19 -|||-Speaker:Carla Marisco from Milan University-|||-Speech topic :Opportunities and Risks in the 20 Market 2．W：David, we all know you took up skateboarding at ten．But did your parents support you? M：Yeah, my parents even let me skate in the house． W：Did they? M：Yeah, they were pretty cool． W：How about your school work? M：That was fine．I was able to get my school work done with good grades．My only problem was that I had so much physical energy that I could not sit still in class．Then some teachers started taking my skateboard away． W：That couldn't stop you from staking? M：No way．The cool thing was that my parents managed to find me a different school．The headmaster there was wonderful．He let us plan our own P．E．classes．So guess what class I created． W：Skateboarding． M：You got it．That was my P．E．class．By that time I was turning professional and starting to show off some techniques at competitions． W：Is that when your new style became famous? M：Yeah．Other skaters had this smooth flowing style, but I was kind of like a robot always coming up with new tricks． Complete the form．Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer．Latest Conferencernformat-|||-Latest Conferencernformat-|||-Place:Palace 18 Shanghai-|||-Registration fee: 19 -|||-Speaker:Carla Marisco from Milan University-|||-Speech topic :Opportunities and Risks in the 20 Market