题目
在直角坐标系xOy中,曲线C1的参数方程为{x=(2+t)/(6), y=sqrt(t).(s为参数).(1)写出C1的普通方程;(2)以坐标原点为极点,x轴正半轴为极轴建立极坐标系,曲线C3的极坐标方程为2cosθ-sinθ=0,求C3与C1交点的直角坐标,及C3与C2交点的直角坐标.
在直角坐标系xOy中,曲线C1的参数方程为$\{\begin{array}{l}x=\frac{2+t}{6},\\ y=\sqrt{t}\end{array}\right.$(t为参数),曲线C2的参数方程为$\left\{{\begin{array}{l}{x=-\frac{{2+s}}{6},}\\{y=-\sqrt{s}}\end{array}}\right.$(s为参数).
(1)写出C1的普通方程;
(2)以坐标原点为极点,x轴正半轴为极轴建立极坐标系,曲线C3的极坐标方程为2cosθ-sinθ=0,求C3与C1交点的直角坐标,及C3与C2交点的直角坐标.
(1)写出C1的普通方程;
(2)以坐标原点为极点,x轴正半轴为极轴建立极坐标系,曲线C3的极坐标方程为2cosθ-sinθ=0,求C3与C1交点的直角坐标,及C3与C2交点的直角坐标.
题目解答
答案
解:(1)由$\{\begin{array}{l}x=\frac{2+t}{6},\\ y=\sqrt{t}\end{array}\right.$(t为参数),消去参数t,
可得C1的普通方程为y2=6x-2(y≥0);
(2)由$\left\{{\begin{array}{l}{x=-\frac{{2+s}}{6},}\\{y=-\sqrt{s}}\end{array}}\right.$(s为参数),消去参数s,
可得C2的普通方程为y2=-6x-2(y≤0).
由2cosθ-sinθ=0,得2ρcosθ-ρsinθ=0,
则曲线C3的直角坐标方程为2x-y=0.
联立$\left\{\begin{array}{l}{y=2x}\\{{y}^{2}=6x-2}\end{array}\right.$,解得$\left\{\begin{array}{l}{x=\frac{1}{2}}\\{y=1}\end{array}\right.$或$\left\{\begin{array}{l}{x=1}\\{y=2}\end{array}\right.$,
∴C3与C1交点的直角坐标为($\frac{1}{2}$,1)与(1,2);
联立$\left\{\begin{array}{l}{y=2x}\\{{y}^{2}=-6x-2}\end{array}\right.$,解得$\left\{\begin{array}{l}{x=-\frac{1}{2}}\\{y=-1}\end{array}\right.$或$\left\{\begin{array}{l}{x=-1}\\{y=-2}\end{array}\right.$,
∴C3与C2交点的直角坐标为($-\frac{1}{2}$,-1)与(-1,-2).
可得C1的普通方程为y2=6x-2(y≥0);
(2)由$\left\{{\begin{array}{l}{x=-\frac{{2+s}}{6},}\\{y=-\sqrt{s}}\end{array}}\right.$(s为参数),消去参数s,
可得C2的普通方程为y2=-6x-2(y≤0).
由2cosθ-sinθ=0,得2ρcosθ-ρsinθ=0,
则曲线C3的直角坐标方程为2x-y=0.
联立$\left\{\begin{array}{l}{y=2x}\\{{y}^{2}=6x-2}\end{array}\right.$,解得$\left\{\begin{array}{l}{x=\frac{1}{2}}\\{y=1}\end{array}\right.$或$\left\{\begin{array}{l}{x=1}\\{y=2}\end{array}\right.$,
∴C3与C1交点的直角坐标为($\frac{1}{2}$,1)与(1,2);
联立$\left\{\begin{array}{l}{y=2x}\\{{y}^{2}=-6x-2}\end{array}\right.$,解得$\left\{\begin{array}{l}{x=-\frac{1}{2}}\\{y=-1}\end{array}\right.$或$\left\{\begin{array}{l}{x=-1}\\{y=-2}\end{array}\right.$,
∴C3与C2交点的直角坐标为($-\frac{1}{2}$,-1)与(-1,-2).
解析
步骤 1:将曲线C_1的参数方程转换为普通方程
由$\{\begin{array}{l}x=\frac{2+t}{6},\\ y=\sqrt{t}\end{array}\right.$,消去参数t,得到$y^2=6x-2$(y≥0)。
步骤 2:将曲线C_2的参数方程转换为普通方程
由$\left\{{\begin{array}{l}{x=-\frac{{2+s}}{6},}\\{y=-\sqrt{s}}\end{array}}\right.$,消去参数s,得到$y^2=-6x-2$(y≤0)。
步骤 3:将曲线C_3的极坐标方程转换为直角坐标方程
由2cosθ-sinθ=0,得2ρcosθ-ρsinθ=0,即2x-y=0。
步骤 4:求C_3与C_1的交点
联立$\left\{\begin{array}{l}{y=2x}\\{{y}^{2}=6x-2}\end{array}\right.$,解得$\left\{\begin{array}{l}{x=\frac{1}{2}}\\{y=1}\end{array}\right.$或$\left\{\begin{array}{l}{x=1}\\{y=2}\end{array}\right.$。
步骤 5:求C_3与C_2的交点
联立$\left\{\begin{array}{l}{y=2x}\\{{y}^{2}=-6x-2}\end{array}\right.$,解得$\left\{\begin{array}{l}{x=-\frac{1}{2}}\\{y=-1}\end{array}\right.$或$\left\{\begin{array}{l}{x=-1}\\{y=-2}\end{array}\right.$。
由$\{\begin{array}{l}x=\frac{2+t}{6},\\ y=\sqrt{t}\end{array}\right.$,消去参数t,得到$y^2=6x-2$(y≥0)。
步骤 2:将曲线C_2的参数方程转换为普通方程
由$\left\{{\begin{array}{l}{x=-\frac{{2+s}}{6},}\\{y=-\sqrt{s}}\end{array}}\right.$,消去参数s,得到$y^2=-6x-2$(y≤0)。
步骤 3:将曲线C_3的极坐标方程转换为直角坐标方程
由2cosθ-sinθ=0,得2ρcosθ-ρsinθ=0,即2x-y=0。
步骤 4:求C_3与C_1的交点
联立$\left\{\begin{array}{l}{y=2x}\\{{y}^{2}=6x-2}\end{array}\right.$,解得$\left\{\begin{array}{l}{x=\frac{1}{2}}\\{y=1}\end{array}\right.$或$\left\{\begin{array}{l}{x=1}\\{y=2}\end{array}\right.$。
步骤 5:求C_3与C_2的交点
联立$\left\{\begin{array}{l}{y=2x}\\{{y}^{2}=-6x-2}\end{array}\right.$,解得$\left\{\begin{array}{l}{x=-\frac{1}{2}}\\{y=-1}\end{array}\right.$或$\left\{\begin{array}{l}{x=-1}\\{y=-2}\end{array}\right.$。