Part IV Translation (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.被誉为“杂交水稻(hybrid rice)之父”的袁隆平和他的科研团队克服重重困难，研发出了一种超级杂文水稻。这项技术获得了举世公认的巨大成功。通过这项技术的应用，水稻抗旱抗病能力更强，能适应不同的气候和土壤条件，产量可提高20%~30%。超级杂交水稻营养丰富，口感更佳。目前，这项技术已经在许多国家得到广泛应用，为全球粮食安全做出了重大贡献。

Asking a family member about her obscure doctoral thesis requires you to exercise___muscles that may have gone slack . A positive B cognitive C conductive D predictive

We are doing a___ survey on this product；if it sells well，we'll go into full production.（ ）A. pilotsB. pilotedC. pilotingD. pilot

He volunteered for the job even though he knew it would mean_hardships . A everything but B nothing but C something but D anything but

Low-carbon Future：We Can Afford to Go Green Tackling climate change will cost consumers the earth．Those who campaign for a green revolution are out to destroy our western lifestyles．Such are the cries of opponents of emissions cuts，and their message has political impact：a number of surveys have found that the enthusiasm of voters for policies to reduce climate change falls off as the price tag increases． However，a new (模型化)exercise suggests that these fears are largely unfounded．It projects that radical cuts to the UK’s emissions will cause barely noticeable increases in the price of food，drink and most other goods by 2050．Electricity and petrol costs will rise significantly，but with the right policies in place，say the modellers，this need not lead to big changes in our lifestyle． "these results show that the global project to fight climate change is feasible，"says Alex Bowen，a climate policy expert at the London School of Economics．"It’s not such a big ask as people are making out．" Although it is impossible to precisely predict prices four decades from now．the exercise is one of the most detailed examinations yet of the impact of climate change policies on UK consumers．It provides a useful rough guide to our economic future． Though its results speak directly to the UK consumer，previous research has come to similar conclusions for the US．In June，one study found that if the US were to cut emissions by 50 per cent by 2050，prices of most consumer goods would increase by less than 5 per cent．The findings are also consistent with analyses by the Pew Center on Global Climate Change in Washington DC．"Even cutting emissions by 80 per cent over four decades has a very small effect on consumers in most areas，”says Manik Roy of the Pew Center．"The challenge is now to convince consumers and policy-makers that this is the case．" The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change recommends that wealthy nations cut their emissions to between 80 and 95 per cent below 1990 levels by 2050 in order to avoid the worst effects of climate change．The UK government aims to reduce its contribution by 80 per cent and leaders of the other G8 nations have discussed following suit．To meet this goal，industries will have to cut down fossil fuel consumption，and low-carbon power sources will have to massively expand. Companies will have to pay increasingly higher prices for the right to emit greenhouse gases. How will this affect the average citizen’s wallet To measure the impact of the 80 per cent target on the UK population, New Scientist approached Cambridge Econometrics, a firm known for its modelling of the European economy. The firm used historic economic data to predict the impact of emissions reductions on prices in over 40 categories of goods and services. It compared the impact of the 80 per cent cut with a baseline situation in which the government takes no action other than the limited emissions restrictions already in place as a result of the (京都议定书). Most of the price increases are a consequence of rising energy costs, in part because coal and gas are re-placed by more expensive low-carbon sources. The price of electricity is projected to be 15 per cent higher in 2050 compared with the baseline. In today’s prices, that would add around ￡5 onto typical monthly household electricity bills. It will also result in higher prices elsewhere, as every industrial sector uses electricity. But electricity and other forms of energy make up only a small part of the price of most goods. Other factors-raw materials, labour and taxes-are far more important. The energy that goes into producing food, alcoholic drinks and tobacco, for example, makes up just 2 per cent of the consumer price. For motor vehicle purchases and hotel stays, the figure is 1 per cent. Only for energy-intensive industries does the contribution climb above 3 per cent. As a result, most products cost just a few per cent more by 2050. At current prices, going low-carbon is forecast to add around 5 pence to the price of a slice of bread or a pint of beer. The price of household appliances such as washing machines rises by a few pounds. There is one major exception to the pattern. Airlines do not currently have a low-carbon alternative to jet fuel. Unless one is found, they will bear the full burden of carbon pricing, and average fares will rise by at least 140 per cent--raising the cost of a typical London to New York return trip from around ￡350 to ￡840. Achieving the overall picture of low prices does require government action. The model forecasts that by 2050 natural gas and petrol will cost 160 per cent and 32 per cent more respectively. To avoid large price rises in home heating and road transport while still hitting the 80 per cent target, the Cambridge researchers had to build two major policies into their analysis. They assumed that future governments will provide grants to help switch all domestic heating and cooking to electricity, and invest in the basic facilities needed for electric cars to almost completely replace petroleum-fuelled vehicles. Both policies have been discussed in recent UK government strategy documents, though the detail of how they would be implemented still needs further discussion. Firm policies must follow if ambitious emissions cuts are going to be made, says Chris Thoung of Cambridge Econometrics. So is tackling climate change going to be easier than expected, in terms of consumer costs While the Cam-bridge Econometrics model is widely respected and regularly used by the UK government’s climate change advisers, any attempt to forecast four decades ahead can be diverted from its intended course by unforeseen events. That leads some economists to question the model’s results. For example, companies could move to countries with less strict carbon regulations, points out Richard Tol of the Economic and Social Research Institute in Dublin, Ireland. Incomes in the UK would fall, making goods relatively more expensive. Tol also questions whether it is reasonable to use historical prices as a basis for projecting beyond 2020. Despite this, the Cambridge Econometrics results, together with other recent studies, do provide a useful guide for governments, says Michael Grubb of the University of Cambridge. They suggest that the overall challenge is conquerable, even if many of the details will only become clear in years to come.According to the modellers, emission cuts won’t change the lifestyle, provided that______. A．the price of food and drink remains stableB．appropriate policies are carried outC．electricity and pettol costs don’t riseD．the public has a strong faith in it

If there is one thing worth ______ into your mind, it's this: the healthiest diet is the one in which you eat a lot of plants.A. drillingB. exercisingC. drilledD. engaging

Research shows that much of our predisposition （倾向） towards determination，sociability and self-control and sense of purpose is in our genes．In fact，our DNA plays a bigger role in influencing these traits （ characteristics）than our upbringing （儿童期的教养）and the company we keep．Taken together，these aspects of personality can make the difference between success and failure，say the Edinburgh University researchers．They questioned more than 800 pairs of twins about their attitudes to life to tease apart the influences of nature and nurture．Comparing identical twins，who share all their DNA and their up bringing，with non-identical twins，who have a shared background but are no more genetically alike than other brothers and sisters，is a technique often used by researchers to quantify the influence of genetics．The results，published in the Journal of Personality，showed that genes play a much bigger role than lifestyle，with self-control particularly etched （铭刻） into our DNA．Our genes a]so largely determine how determined and persistent we are．This is important in terms of success，as someone who refuses to give up is more likely to achieve their dreams than someone who throws in the towel at the first hiccough．Researcher Professor Timothy Bates said，"Ever since the ancient Greeks，people Lave de hated the nature of a good life and the nature of a virtuous life．Why do some people seem to man age their lives，have good relationships and cooperate to achieve their goals while others do not？Previously，the role of family and the environment around the home often controlled people's ideas about what affected psychological well-being．However，this work emphasizes a much more powerful influence from genetics．"However，those who haven't been dealt a helpful hand of genes shouldn't he too depressed．The professor says a sense of purpose is the key and advises those who are eager for success to focus their thoughts on making a difference．71．What does the result of the research indicate？ ____ A．Our DNA is the only factor to decide our traits．B．Our DNA plays a decisive role，in achieving success．C．Education plays little part in the formation of our character．D．Society has Little effect on us in our personality．72．The underlined part in Paragraph 4 refers to someone who ____ ．A． is born successfulB． determines to make a differenceC． makes great effortD． admits defeat easily73．Timothy Bates mentions the ancient Creeks in order to indicate that ____ ．A．some people can live a good life because they can manage their livesB．people haven't made it clear yet what is the key personality trait（特点，特征） to be a successC．in ancient Greece the role of family and the environment was ignoredD．the relationship between personality and success has always been people's concern74．According to the passage，the key personality trait is ____ ．A．determinationB． kindnessC． politenessD． sociability75．What is the best title for the passage？ ____ A． How do people work hard？B．Why can some people succeed？C． DNA determines success or failureD．Several factors determine personality．

Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below.Change the form where necessary.Each expression can be used only once.blaze a trail；break through；except for；in the spotlight；note…down；out of；put…aside；report for duty；think of；turn…down（1）Gaver's pioneering study blazed a trailfor school library research at a time when school libraries were in their infancy（初创期）.（2）She broke throughthe glass ceiling as the first woman to reach the senior management level in the company.（3）Both sides need to put asidetheir differences and continue the peace talks.（4）Since I was going to drive home after dinner，I turned downmy friends' invitation to drink with them.（5）Just as Dr.Martin was about to have dinner with his family，he received a call from his hospital requesting him to report for dutyimmediately.（6）The community library is open all year round except fora week during the Chinese New Year.（7）Solar energy is in the spotlightonce again as a clean energy source amid concerns about global warming.（8）The photo makes me think ofthe holiday I spent with my family last year.（9）If you note downyour thoughts regularly，you can look back later in life and see how you have changed or improved.（10）I chose computer science as my major purely out ofmy interest in the subject.

The "reminder" function of this mobile phone application is very practical and convenient, and especially helpful to a __________ user.A. forgettableB. forgottenC. forgettingD. forgetful

IT staff provides _____ network monitoring and technical support.A. aside-the-clock B. about-the-clock C. around-the-clock D. along-the-clock