A work of art created by artificial intelligence (AI) has been sold by a major art seller for the first time. The print sold for an unexpectedly large amount of 432, 500. The artwork was bought during an auction (拍卖) Thursday at Christie's, an art house, in New York City. Officials had predicted it would sell for between 7, 000 and 10, 000.In a website post, Christie's said the AI-created work was the first ever sold by a major auction house. It praised the sale as a signal of "the arrival of AI art on the world auction stage."The artwork, called "Portrait (肖像) of Edmond Belamy," was made by a machine learning algorithm (算法). The AI system was created by members of an art group called Obvious in Paris, France. It shows the portrait of a man, looking similar to subjects shown in historical paintings. Christie's described some differences of the AI-created work compared to other art it sells. For example, it said some parts of the face were not as clearly drawn as those painted by artists. Also some parts of the print were left empty. However, Christie's sale organizer Richard Lloyd said the piece was very similar to many others sold over many years.Three creators from the art group Obvious cooperated on the process that made the print. First they put a collection of 15,000 portraits into a machine learning system. The portraits were painted by artists from the time period between the 14th and 20th centuries. Then a tool called the "Generator" made a new image based on the information entered into the system. After that, another tool, called a "Discriminator", attempted to find differences between the human-made image and the one created by the Generator. Then the image was improved. "The aim is to fool the Discriminator into thinking that the new images are real-life portraits. Then we have a result." Obvious group member Hugo Caselles-dupre said in a statement.It can be inferred from the text that .A. the AI portrait received much recognitionB. there is little true artistic value in AI artworkC. technology will one day replace human artistsD. there is no similar AI system for art at present

He volunteered for the job even though he knew it would mean_hardships . A everything but B nothing but C something but D anything but

Low-carbon Future：We Can Afford to Go Green Tackling climate change will cost consumers the earth．Those who campaign for a green revolution are out to destroy our western lifestyles．Such are the cries of opponents of emissions cuts，and their message has political impact：a number of surveys have found that the enthusiasm of voters for policies to reduce climate change falls off as the price tag increases． However，a new (模型化)exercise suggests that these fears are largely unfounded．It projects that radical cuts to the UK’s emissions will cause barely noticeable increases in the price of food，drink and most other goods by 2050．Electricity and petrol costs will rise significantly，but with the right policies in place，say the modellers，this need not lead to big changes in our lifestyle． "these results show that the global project to fight climate change is feasible，"says Alex Bowen，a climate policy expert at the London School of Economics．"It’s not such a big ask as people are making out．" Although it is impossible to precisely predict prices four decades from now．the exercise is one of the most detailed examinations yet of the impact of climate change policies on UK consumers．It provides a useful rough guide to our economic future． Though its results speak directly to the UK consumer，previous research has come to similar conclusions for the US．In June，one study found that if the US were to cut emissions by 50 per cent by 2050，prices of most consumer goods would increase by less than 5 per cent．The findings are also consistent with analyses by the Pew Center on Global Climate Change in Washington DC．"Even cutting emissions by 80 per cent over four decades has a very small effect on consumers in most areas，”says Manik Roy of the Pew Center．"The challenge is now to convince consumers and policy-makers that this is the case．" The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change recommends that wealthy nations cut their emissions to between 80 and 95 per cent below 1990 levels by 2050 in order to avoid the worst effects of climate change．The UK government aims to reduce its contribution by 80 per cent and leaders of the other G8 nations have discussed following suit．To meet this goal，industries will have to cut down fossil fuel consumption，and low-carbon power sources will have to massively expand. Companies will have to pay increasingly higher prices for the right to emit greenhouse gases. How will this affect the average citizen’s wallet To measure the impact of the 80 per cent target on the UK population, New Scientist approached Cambridge Econometrics, a firm known for its modelling of the European economy. The firm used historic economic data to predict the impact of emissions reductions on prices in over 40 categories of goods and services. It compared the impact of the 80 per cent cut with a baseline situation in which the government takes no action other than the limited emissions restrictions already in place as a result of the (京都议定书). Most of the price increases are a consequence of rising energy costs, in part because coal and gas are re-placed by more expensive low-carbon sources. The price of electricity is projected to be 15 per cent higher in 2050 compared with the baseline. In today’s prices, that would add around ￡5 onto typical monthly household electricity bills. It will also result in higher prices elsewhere, as every industrial sector uses electricity. But electricity and other forms of energy make up only a small part of the price of most goods. Other factors-raw materials, labour and taxes-are far more important. The energy that goes into producing food, alcoholic drinks and tobacco, for example, makes up just 2 per cent of the consumer price. For motor vehicle purchases and hotel stays, the figure is 1 per cent. Only for energy-intensive industries does the contribution climb above 3 per cent. As a result, most products cost just a few per cent more by 2050. At current prices, going low-carbon is forecast to add around 5 pence to the price of a slice of bread or a pint of beer. The price of household appliances such as washing machines rises by a few pounds. There is one major exception to the pattern. Airlines do not currently have a low-carbon alternative to jet fuel. Unless one is found, they will bear the full burden of carbon pricing, and average fares will rise by at least 140 per cent--raising the cost of a typical London to New York return trip from around ￡350 to ￡840. Achieving the overall picture of low prices does require government action. The model forecasts that by 2050 natural gas and petrol will cost 160 per cent and 32 per cent more respectively. To avoid large price rises in home heating and road transport while still hitting the 80 per cent target, the Cambridge researchers had to build two major policies into their analysis. They assumed that future governments will provide grants to help switch all domestic heating and cooking to electricity, and invest in the basic facilities needed for electric cars to almost completely replace petroleum-fuelled vehicles. Both policies have been discussed in recent UK government strategy documents, though the detail of how they would be implemented still needs further discussion. Firm policies must follow if ambitious emissions cuts are going to be made, says Chris Thoung of Cambridge Econometrics. So is tackling climate change going to be easier than expected, in terms of consumer costs While the Cam-bridge Econometrics model is widely respected and regularly used by the UK government’s climate change advisers, any attempt to forecast four decades ahead can be diverted from its intended course by unforeseen events. That leads some economists to question the model’s results. For example, companies could move to countries with less strict carbon regulations, points out Richard Tol of the Economic and Social Research Institute in Dublin, Ireland. Incomes in the UK would fall, making goods relatively more expensive. Tol also questions whether it is reasonable to use historical prices as a basis for projecting beyond 2020. Despite this, the Cambridge Econometrics results, together with other recent studies, do provide a useful guide for governments, says Michael Grubb of the University of Cambridge. They suggest that the overall challenge is conquerable, even if many of the details will only become clear in years to come.According to the modellers, emission cuts won’t change the lifestyle, provided that______. A．the price of food and drink remains stableB．appropriate policies are carried outC．electricity and pettol costs don’t riseD．the public has a strong faith in it

(时间: 90分钟　分值: 100分) 第Ⅰ卷　听力部分 Ⅰ.听句子, 选择与其意思相符的图片 1.　　　　2.　　　　3.　　　　4.　　　　5.　　　 Ⅱ.听对话和问题, 选择正确答案。对话和问题读两遍 6.A.cross from the police station. B.Next to the bus station. C.In front of the post office. 7.A.Driving a car. 　　　　　　　B.Having a meeting. 　　　　　C.Seeing a film. 8.A. child. B.A river. C.A cat. 9.A.Warm. B.Cold. C.Rainy. 10.A.The beach. B.The aquarium. C.The museum. Ⅲ.听短文, 选择正确答案。短文读两遍 11.What time did Mrs. Turner wake up? A.t about half past three. B.At about half past two. C.At about two. 12.What was the matter with Robert? A.He had a headache. B.He had a fever. C.He had a toothache. 13.What did Robert often do before going to bed? A.He often ate more fruit. B.He often ate some cakes. C.He often ate a lot of sugar. 14.Whom did Robert have to go to see later that morning? A.He had to see his parents. B.He had to see a dentist. C.He had to see the teacher. 15.Why did Robert feel a little better? A.Because he took some medicine. B.ecause he had lots of water. C.Because there was nothing wrong with him. 第Ⅱ卷　笔试部分 Ⅳ.单项选择 16.—What’s 　　　matter with your mother? —She has 　　　bad cold. A.a; a B.an; an C.the; a D.a; the 17.—What’s wrong with Mandy? —She talked too much and had no water, so she had a 　　　. A.cold B.sore back C.sore throat D.headache 18.I don’t agree 　　　you and I don’t agree 　　　take risks. A.to; with B.with; to C.to; to D.with; with 19.My sister is old enough to dress 　　　now. A.himself B.myself C.herself D.itself 20.You have to leave now 　　　you can catch the early bus. A.so that B.as soon as C.because D.although 21.—　　　 the doctors, the teacher was out of danger. —We wish her to live a healthy and happy life in the future. A.In front of B.Thanks to C.As for D.Across from 22.As long as they get an idea into their heads, they’ll never 　　　. A.dress up B.give up C.grow up D.stay up 23.Helen, we have 　　　money, so we can’t take a taxi to go home. A.taken out B.taken out of C.run out D.run out of 24.—My sister has a stomachache. —　　 A.She should see a dentist. B.She should take her temperature. C.She should drink some hot tea with honey. D.I’m sorry to hear that. 25.—It’s useless to regret what has been done. Don’t make those mistakes again. —I won’t. That’s a(n) 　　　. A.order B.decision C.promise D.agreement Ⅴ.完形填空 Mr. Cooper was ill and went to the hospital. A doctor looked him over and said,“Well, Mr. Cooper, you 　26　 some injections (注射), and you’ll feel much 　27　. A nurse will come and give you the first one this evening, and then you’ll 　28　 get another one tomorrow evening.” In the 　29　 a young nurse came to Mr. Cooper’s bed and said to him,“I’m going to give you your 　30　 injection now, Mr. Cooper. 　31　 do you want it?” The old man was 　32　. He looked at the nurse for a 　33　, and then he said,“　34　has ever let me choose(选择) that before. Are you really going to let me choose now?” “Yes, Mr. Cooper,” the nurse answered 　35　 a smile. “Well, then, I want it in your left arm, please,” the old man answered without thinking twice. 26.A.get B.got C.were getting D.are going to get 27.A.good B.better C.bad D.worse 28.A.must B.can C.had better D.have to 29.A.morning B.afternoon C.evening D.day 30.A.first B.one C.two D.second 31.A.When B.How C.Where D.Why 32.A.stressed B.surprised C.tired D.hungry 33.A.hour B.minutes C.year D.moment 34.A.Somebody B.Anybody C.Nobody D.Everybody 35.A.with B.in C.at D.for Ⅵ.阅读理解 A A three-year-old boy saved his mom’s life by using her mobile phone to call for help. One morning, Aaron Green found his mom Cally Wooton lying on the floor of her bedroom, and he was not able to wake her up. He turned to his mom’s Blackberry mobile phone on the bed, opened it, found the address book, and called up his mom’s grandmother, even though he had never been shown how to use the phone. Little Aaron told her,“Mommy’s sick; she’s very ill.” The grandmother called up Cally’s best friend Kara McCoy, who lived nearby. Kara ran to Cally’s house. She found Cally was lying on the bedroom floor. She must have fallen off the bed. She was moving but couldn’t answer. Kara was scared. She didn’t know what to do. She was helpless, so she called the ambulance(救护车). Cally was sent to the hospital and was found that she had a diabetic seizure(糖尿病发作). After five days in hospital, Cally was well again. “Aaron had just started learning his ABC,” Kara said.“But he was very brave and calm. He did better than me.” “If it wasn’t for Aaron, I wouldn’t be here now. The doctors said I was lucky to be alive,”said the boy’s mother.“I don’t know how he did it. It is not easy to use that phone. It feels like I must have been watched over by an angel who was guiding him through what to do. I want everyone to know what a superman he is.” 36.What did Aaron do when he found his mom lying on the floor? A.He ran away at once. B.He didn’t know what to do. C.He called up his mom’s grandmother. D.He called up his mom’s best friend, Kara. 37.From the passage we know that　　　. A.Cally was well the next day B.Cally told her son to call for help C.ally’s mother sent her to the hospital D.Cally’s son saved her life by using her mobile phone 38.The underlined word “She” in the third paragraph refers to“　　　”. A.Cally B.Kara C.the doctor D.Cally’s grandmother 39.This passage may be 　　　. A.an advertisement B.a piece of news C.a poster D.a survey 40.What do you think of Aaron according to the passage? A.Brave and careless. B.rave and calm. C.Scared and helpful. D.Careful and beautiful. B One day Tony was crossing the road when he was hit by a car. He fell and broke his arm. He was sent to the hospital. There a doctor operated on his arm. Then he put the arm in a cast(石膏). Tony could not move it at all. “You must keep your arm in the cast for a month,” the doctor said.“That will give the bone(骨头) a chance to get well.” A month later, Tony went back to the hospital. The doctor used a large knife to cut the cast. Then he took Tony’s arm out of the cast. “Can you move your arm, Tony?” he asked. Tony tried to move his arm. At first it was difficult, but soon he could move it easily. “Yes, it’s fine,” he said.“Thank you very much.” “In a few days it will be as good as before,” the doctor said.“Just exercise it a little every day.” “Will I be able to play the guitar?” Tony asked. The doctor smiled and said,“Of course, you will. You will have no problems.” “That is good news,” Tony said.“Because I couldn’t play it at all before.” 41.How did Tony break his arm? A.He was hit by a car. 　　　　B.He fell off a bike. 　　　　C.A guitar fell on him. 42.How long did Tony have to keep his arm in the cast? A.One week. B.About four weeks. C.A few days. 43.How was Tony’s arm when the doctor cut the cast? A.It was OK. B.It was hurt. C.It was worse. 44.What did the doctor ask Tony to do after the cast was taken off? A.To see another doctor. B.To play the guitar. C.To move his arm. 45.Why was Tony pleased? A.Because the doctor gave him a guitar. B.ecause the doctor said he didn’t have to work again. C.Because he thought he would be able to play the guitar. Ⅶ.任务型阅读 Many people run for exercise. But what will you do if you are not a “born” runner or jogger(慢跑者)? You may still want a kind of exercise that’s inexpensive and easy to do. Why not try walking? Walking requires no special equipment(装备). It is a kind of exercise that almost any normal, healthy person can do. Walking is good for your health like jogging or running; it will just take longer. Jogging and running make your heart work harder than walking. They also put more stress on your legs and feet than walking does. The problem with walking is that most people don’t take it seriously. But there’s a big difference between serious walking and the walking that most of us do. Walking, like jogging, should have a steady and continuous motion(稳健而持续的动作). If you want to get your exercise by walking, you need to have your own walking plan. After all, runners and joggers set goals for themselves. Walkers need goals, too. You also need to set a course to walk. Start by walking about 15-30 minutes a day. Increase your time and distance(距离) slowly. And try increasing your walking speed little by little. If you prefer to jog or run, follow the same advice. Start off slowly. Spend most of the first few days just walking. Then, start walking and running on the same day. Run or jog a short distance, then walk for a while, then, run, then walk. Follow that pattern for 15-30 minutes a day. Slowly make each run longer and each walk shorter. Later on, you can increase your distance, speed and exercise time. 46.将画线短语 a “born” runner 译为汉语。 47.列举两条jogging和running对身体部位的影响。 (1) (2) 48.What’s the problem with walking? 49.选出作者对步行健身的两种建议。 A.Have a walking plan. 　　　　　　　　　B.Walk fast at the beginning. C.Start by walking an hour a day. D.Increase distance and speed little by little. (1)　　　　　　　　　　　(2)　　　　　　　　　　 50.找出最后一段的主题句。 Ⅷ.词汇运用 A.根据句意及首字母提示完成单词 51.The little boy cut his finger and lost a lot of b　　　　　　 yesterday. 52.John, don’t buy anything expensive. You should be in c　　　　　 of your money. 53.The child is l　　　　　 on the ground now. 54.Lucy often plays tennis to relax h　　　　　　　 after school. 55.Judy had a sore throat and she c　　　　　 last night. She should drink some hot tea with honey. B.用所给单词的适当形式填空 56.We are 　　　　　　　　(surprise) at the news. 57.The old man who lived in this house alone 　　　　　(die) on a cold night. 58.He used to be a good doctor. He saved a lot of 　　　　　(life). 59.He kept on 　　　　　　　　(work) though his leg hurt. 60.The driver stopped the car without 　　　　　　(think) twice and helped the old woman. Ⅸ.补全对话(有两项多余) A: Hi, my boy! 61.　　 B: My head hurts. A: What happened to you? B: 62.　　 A: Can you move your head from one side to another? B: Yes, I can. A: 63.　　 B: No, I don’t. I took my temperature just now. A: 64.　　 B: OK. 65.　　　 Goodbye! A: Goodbye! A.Do you have a cold? B.Thank you. C.What’s your trouble? D.o you have a fever? E.I was hit by the ball when playing basketball. F.I hurt my right knee playing soccer. G.Well, you’d better go to the hospital and get an X-ray. Ⅹ.书面表达 今天早上尼克觉得肚子痛, 妈妈带他去了医院。请根据下面的要点提示, 写一篇80词左右的短文, 对尼克的病因和医生的建议进行介绍, 可适当发挥。开头已给出, 不计入总词数。 Time: this morning Reasons: unboiled water(生水); junk food... Doctor’s advice: never drink dirty or unboiled water; wash hands often; eat less junk food... This morning Nick had a stomachache.

写作（第1套）Directions: Suppose the business school of your university is conducting a survey to collect students' opinions on the express delivery service industry in China. You are to write a response about its recent development and its impact on people's lives. You will have 30 minutes to write the essay. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

Asking a family member about her obscure doctoral thesis requires you to exercise___muscles that may have gone slack . A positive B cognitive C conductive D predictive

33. From _ one, Rebecca has been trying to cause arguments in our office.A. seasonB. timeC. periodD. day

If there is one thing worth ______ into your mind, it's this: the healthiest diet is the one in which you eat a lot of plants.A. drillingB. exercisingC. drilledD. engaging

Grammar FocusChange the sentences from active to passive. If the subject is important, unknown or obvious, it can be omitted.1 Someone broke the window.2 They discriminated against him.3 We should revise the plan.4 They set her free because they couldn't get any money from her.5 Dickens wrote this book based on the life he had experienced.

He missed two classes, so he had to _ to catch up on his homework.A. stand upB. staying upC. stay upD. standing up