题目
设f1(z),f2 (z)连续可微,-|||-varphi (x,y)=[ (f)_(1)(xy)-(f)_(2)(xy)] xyneq 0,-|||-求证 dfrac (1)(varphi (x,y)) 是方程-|||-_(1)(xy)ydx+(f)_(2)(xy)xdy=0-|||-的一个积分因子.

题目解答
答案

解析
步骤 1:定义方程
给定方程为 ${f}_{1}(xy)ydx+{f}_{2}(xy)xdy=0$,其中 ${f}_{1}(z)$ 和 ${f}_{2}(z)$ 是连续可微的函数。我们希望证明 $\dfrac {1}{\varphi (x,y)}$ 是该方程的一个积分因子,其中 $\varphi (x,y)=[ {f}_{1}(xy)-{f}_{2}(xy)] xy\neq 0$。
步骤 2:乘以积分因子
将方程两端同乘以 $\dfrac {1}{\varphi (x,y)}$,得到 $\dfrac {{f}_{1}(xy)y}{\varphi (x,y)}dx+\dfrac {{f}_{2}(xy)x}{\varphi (x,y)}dy=0$。此时,我们设 $M(x,y)=\dfrac {{f}_{1}(xy)y}{\varphi (x,y)}$,$N(x,y)=\dfrac {{f}_{2}(xy)x}{\varphi (x,y)}$。
步骤 3:验证全微分条件
为了证明 $\dfrac {1}{\varphi (x,y)}$ 是积分因子,我们需要验证 $\dfrac {\partial M}{\partial y}=\dfrac {\partial N}{\partial x}$。计算 $\dfrac {\partial M}{\partial y}$ 和 $\dfrac {\partial N}{\partial x}$,我们得到:
$$\dfrac {\partial M}{\partial y}=\dfrac {{f}_{1}(xy){f}_{2}(xy)-{f}_{1}(xy){f}_{2}(xy)}{{[ {f}_{1}(xy)-{f}_{2}(xy)] }^{2}}$$
$$\dfrac {\partial N}{\partial x}=\dfrac {{f}_{1}(xy){f}_{2}(xy)-{f}_{1}(xy){f}_{2}(xy)}{{[ {f}_{1}(xy)-{f}_{2}(xy)] }^{2}}$$
由于 $\dfrac {\partial M}{\partial y}=\dfrac {\partial N}{\partial x}$,所以方程变为全微分方程。
给定方程为 ${f}_{1}(xy)ydx+{f}_{2}(xy)xdy=0$,其中 ${f}_{1}(z)$ 和 ${f}_{2}(z)$ 是连续可微的函数。我们希望证明 $\dfrac {1}{\varphi (x,y)}$ 是该方程的一个积分因子,其中 $\varphi (x,y)=[ {f}_{1}(xy)-{f}_{2}(xy)] xy\neq 0$。
步骤 2:乘以积分因子
将方程两端同乘以 $\dfrac {1}{\varphi (x,y)}$,得到 $\dfrac {{f}_{1}(xy)y}{\varphi (x,y)}dx+\dfrac {{f}_{2}(xy)x}{\varphi (x,y)}dy=0$。此时,我们设 $M(x,y)=\dfrac {{f}_{1}(xy)y}{\varphi (x,y)}$,$N(x,y)=\dfrac {{f}_{2}(xy)x}{\varphi (x,y)}$。
步骤 3:验证全微分条件
为了证明 $\dfrac {1}{\varphi (x,y)}$ 是积分因子,我们需要验证 $\dfrac {\partial M}{\partial y}=\dfrac {\partial N}{\partial x}$。计算 $\dfrac {\partial M}{\partial y}$ 和 $\dfrac {\partial N}{\partial x}$,我们得到:
$$\dfrac {\partial M}{\partial y}=\dfrac {{f}_{1}(xy){f}_{2}(xy)-{f}_{1}(xy){f}_{2}(xy)}{{[ {f}_{1}(xy)-{f}_{2}(xy)] }^{2}}$$
$$\dfrac {\partial N}{\partial x}=\dfrac {{f}_{1}(xy){f}_{2}(xy)-{f}_{1}(xy){f}_{2}(xy)}{{[ {f}_{1}(xy)-{f}_{2}(xy)] }^{2}}$$
由于 $\dfrac {\partial M}{\partial y}=\dfrac {\partial N}{\partial x}$,所以方程变为全微分方程。