设 (int )_(-1)^13f(x)dx=18, (int )_(-1)^3f(x)dx=4, (int )_(-1)^3g(x)dx=3. 求-|||-(1) (int )_(-1)^1f(x)dx;-|||-(2)f(x)dx;-|||-(3) (int )_(3)^-1g(x)dx;-|||-(4) (int )_(-1)^3dfrac (1)(5)[ 4f(x)+3g(x)] dx.

题目解答
答案

解析
本题主要考查定积分的线性性质和积分区间的可加性,需要灵活运用以下知识点:
- 积分的线性性质:$\int_a^b [k \cdot f(x)] dx = k \cdot \int_a^b f(x) dx$;
- 积分区间的可加性:$\int_a^c f(x) dx = \int_a^b f(x) dx + \int_b^c f(x) dx$;
- 积分上下限调换:$\int_a^b f(x) dx = -\int_b^a f(x) dx$;
- 线性组合的积分:$\int_a^b [k_1 f(x) + k_2 g(x)] dx = k_1 \int_a^b f(x) dx + k_2 \int_a^b g(x) dx$。
(1) $\int_{-1}^{1} f(x) dx$
利用线性性质
已知 $\int_{-1}^{1} 3f(x) dx = 18$,根据线性性质:
$3 \int_{-1}^{1} f(x) dx = 18 \implies \int_{-1}^{1} f(x) dx = \frac{18}{3} = 6.$
(2) $\int_{1}^{3} f(x) dx$
分解积分区间
已知 $\int_{-1}^{3} f(x) dx = 4$,根据积分区间的可加性:
$\int_{-1}^{3} f(x) dx = \int_{-1}^{1} f(x) dx + \int_{1}^{3} f(x) dx.$
代入已知结果 $\int_{-1}^{1} f(x) dx = 6$:
$4 = 6 + \int_{1}^{3} f(x) dx \implies \int_{1}^{3} f(x) dx = 4 - 6 = -2.$
(3) $\int_{3}^{-1} g(x) dx$
调换积分上下限
根据积分上下限调换的性质:
$\int_{3}^{-1} g(x) dx = -\int_{-1}^{3} g(x) dx.$
已知 $\int_{-1}^{3} g(x) dx = 3$,因此:
$\int_{3}^{-1} g(x) dx = -3.$
(4) $\int_{-1}^{3} \frac{1}{5} \left[ 4f(x) + 3g(x) \right] dx$
分解线性组合
根据线性性质:
$\int_{-1}^{3} \frac{1}{5} \left[ 4f(x) + 3g(x) \right] dx = \frac{1}{5} \left( 4 \int_{-1}^{3} f(x) dx + 3 \int_{-1}^{3} g(x) dx \right).$
代入已知结果 $\int_{-1}^{3} f(x) dx = 4$ 和 $\int_{-1}^{3} g(x) dx = 3$:
$\frac{1}{5} \left( 4 \cdot 4 + 3 \cdot 3 \right) = \frac{1}{5} \cdot 25 = 5.$