题目
已知三点M_(1)(1,-2,3),M_(2)(1,1,4),M_(3)(2,0,2),则overrightarrow(M_{1)M_(2)}cdotoverrightarrow(M_{1)M_(3)}=(......)
已知三点$M_{1}(1,-2,3),M_{2}(1,1,4),M_{3}(2,0,2)$,则$\overrightarrow{M_{1}M_{2}}\cdot\overrightarrow{M_{1}M_{3}}=(\cdots\cdots)$
题目解答
答案
为了找到点积$\overrightarrow{M_{1}M_{2}} \cdot \overrightarrow{M_{1}M_{3}}$,我们首先需要确定向量$\overrightarrow{M_{1}M_{2}}$和$\overrightarrow{M_{1}M_{3}}$。
点$M_1$的坐标是$(1, -2, 3)$,点$M_2$的坐标是$(1, 1, 4)$。向量$\overrightarrow{M_{1}M_{2}}$由下式给出:
\[
\overrightarrow{M_{1}M_{2}} = (1 - 1, 1 - (-2), 4 - 3) = (0, 3, 1)
\]
点$M_1$的坐标是$(1, -2, 3)$,点$M_3$的坐标是$(2, 0, 2)$。向量$\overrightarrow{M_{1}M_{3}}$由下式给出:
\[
\overrightarrow{M_{1}M_{3}} = (2 - 1, 0 - (-2), 2 - 3) = (1, 2, -1)
\]
现在,我们需要找到向量$\overrightarrow{M_{1}M_{2}}$和$\overrightarrow{M_{1}M_{3}}$的点积。两个向量$(a_1, a_2, a_3)$和$(b_1, b_2, b_3)$的点积由下式给出:
\[
a_1 b_1 + a_2 b_2 + a_3 b_3
\]
将$\overrightarrow{M_{1}M_{2}}$和$\overrightarrow{M_{1}M_{3}}$的分量代入,我们得到:
\[
0 \cdot 1 + 3 \cdot 2 + 1 \cdot (-1) = 0 + 6 - 1 = 5
\]
因此,点积$\overrightarrow{M_{1}M_{2}} \cdot \overrightarrow{M_{1}M_{3}}$是$\boxed{5}$。