题目
5.单选题(5分) 已知二维离散型随机变量(X,Y)的分布律 为 Y & 2 & 3 X & 0 & 0.2 & 0 0 & 1 & 0.3 & 0.5 则E(XY)=()A. 0.8B. 1.5C. 2.1D. 2.5
5.单选题(5分) 已知二维离散型随机变量$(X,Y)$的分布律 为 $$ \begin{array}{c|cc} Y & 2 & 3 \\ \hline X & 0 & 0.2 & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & 0.3 & 0.5 \\ \hline \end{array} $$ 则$E(XY)=()$
A. 0.8
B. 1.5
C. 2.1
D. 2.5
题目解答
答案
C. 2.1
解析
本题考查二维离散型随机变量函数的数学期望的计算。解题思路是根据二维离散型随机变量函数数学期望的定义公式$E(g(X,Y))=\sum_{i}\sum_{j}g(x_{i},y_{j})P(X = x_{i},Y = y_{j})$,对于本题$g(X,Y)=XY$,我们需要找出$(X,Y)$所有可能的取值$(x_{i},y_{j})$,计算对应的概率$P(X = x_{i},Y = y_{j})$,然后代入公式计算$E(XY)$。
已知二维离散型随机变量$(X,Y)$的分布律:
| $Y$ $\diagdown$ $X$ | $0$ | $1$ |
|---|---|---|
| $2$ | $0.2$ | $0.3$ |
| $3$ | $0$ | $0.5$ |
根据公式$E(XY)=\sum_{i}\sum_{j}x_{i}y_{j}P(X = x_{i},Y = y_{j})$,我们分别计算各项乘积与对应概率的乘积之和:
- 当$X = 0$,$Y = 2$时,$x_{1}=0$,$y_{1}=2$,$P(X = 0,Y = 2)=0.2$,则$x_{1}y_{1}P(X = 0,Y = 2)=0\times2\times0.2 = 0$;
- 当$X = 1$,$Y = 2$时,$x_{2}=1$,$y_{1}=2$,$P(X = 1,Y = 2)=0.3$,则$x_{2}y_{1}P(X = 1,Y = 2)=1\times2\times0.3 = 0.6$;
- 当$X = 0$,$Y = 3$时,$x_{1}=0$,$y_{2}=3$,$P(X = 0,Y = 3)=0$,则$x_{1}y_{2}P(X = 0,Y = 3)=0\times3\times0 = 0$;
- 当$X = 1$,$Y = 3$时,$x_{2}=1$,$y_{2}=3$,$P(X = 1,Y = 3)=0.5$,则$x_{2}y_{2}P(X = 1,Y = 3)=1\times3\times0.5 = 1.5$。
将以上各项相加可得:
$E(XY)=0 + 0.6+0 + 1.5=2.1$