若sin(α+β)+cos(α+β)=2sqrt(2)cos(α+(π)/(4))sinβ,则( )A. tan(α-β)=1B. tan(α+β)=1C. tan(α-β)=-1D. tan(α+β)=-1
A. tan(α-β)=1
B. tan(α+β)=1
C. tan(α-β)=-1
D. tan(α+β)=-1
题目解答
答案
解析
本题考查三角恒等式的变形与化简能力,核心思路是将等式两边通过和角公式或积化和差公式进行变形,进而找到角度关系。关键在于识别左边的sin(α+β)+cos(α+β)可转化为单一三角函数形式,而右边的表达式需展开后与左边对比,最终通过方程求解角度差。
步骤1:化简左边表达式
左边sin(α+β) + cos(α+β)可利用和角公式变形:
$\begin{aligned}\sin(\alpha+\beta) + \cos(\alpha+\beta) &= \sqrt{2} \left( \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\sin(\alpha+\beta) + \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\cos(\alpha+\beta) \right) \\&= \sqrt{2} \sin\left( \alpha+\beta + \frac{\pi}{4} \right)\end{aligned}$
步骤2:处理右边表达式
右边2\sqrt{2}\cos\left( \alpha + \frac{\pi}{4} \right)\sin\beta应用积化和差公式:
$2\cos A \sin B = \sin(A+B) + \sin(B-A)$
令A = \alpha + \frac{\pi}{4},B = \beta,则右边变为:
$\sin\left( \alpha + \beta + \frac{\pi}{4} \right) + \sin\left( \beta - \alpha - \frac{\pi}{4} \right)$
步骤3:等式对比与化简
将左右两边代入原方程:
$\sqrt{2} \sin\left( \alpha+\beta + \frac{\pi}{4} \right) = \sqrt{2} \left[ \sin\left( \alpha+\beta + \frac{\pi}{4} \right) + \sin\left( \beta - \alpha - \frac{\pi}{4} \right) \right]$
两边除以\sqrt{2}并移项得:
$\sin\left( \beta - \alpha - \frac{\pi}{4} \right) = 0$
步骤4:求解角度关系
由$\sin\theta = 0$得$\theta = k\pi$($k$为整数),即:
$\beta - \alpha - \frac{\pi}{4} = k\pi \implies \alpha - \beta = -\frac{\pi}{4} - k\pi$
取$k=0$得$\alpha - \beta = -\frac{\pi}{4}$,故:
$\tan(\alpha - \beta) = \tan\left( -\frac{\pi}{4} \right) = -1$