题目
7.(1)已知P(overline(A))=0.3,P(B)=0.4,P(Aoverline(B))=0.5,求条件概率P(B|Acupoverline(B))(2)设A,B,C是三个事件,且P(A)=P(B)=P(C)=(1)/(4),P(AB)=P(BC)=0,P(AC)=(1)/(8),求A,B,C至少有一个发生的概率.
7.(1)已知$P(\overline{A})=0.3$,$P(B)=0.4$,$P(A\overline{B})=0.5$,求条件概率$P(B|A\cup\overline{B})$
(2)设A,B,C是三个事件,且$P(A)=P(B)=P(C)=\frac{1}{4}$,$P(AB)=P(BC)=0$,$P(AC)=\frac{1}{8}$,求A,B,C至少有一个发生的概率.
题目解答
答案
问题1
已知:
- $P(\overline{A}) = 0.3$,则 $P(A) = 0.7$
- $P(B) = 0.4$,则 $P(\overline{B}) = 0.6$
- $P(A\overline{B}) = 0.5$
求 $P(B|A \cup \overline{B})$:
- 计算 $P(A \cup \overline{B})$:
$P(A \cup \overline{B}) = P(A) + P(\overline{B}) - P(A \cap \overline{B}) = 0.7 + 0.6 - 0.5 = 0.8$ - 计算 $P(B \cap (A \cup \overline{B}))$:
$B \cap (A \cup \overline{B}) = B \cap A \quad \text{(因 $B \cap \overline{B} = \emptyset$)}$
$P(B \cap A) = P(A) - P(A \cap \overline{B}) = 0.7 - 0.5 = 0.2$ - 条件概率:
$P(B|A \cup \overline{B}) = \frac{P(B \cap (A \cup \overline{B}))}{P(A \cup \overline{B})} = \frac{0.2}{0.8} = \frac{1}{4}$
答案: $\boxed{\frac{1}{4}}$
问题2
已知:
- $P(A) = P(B) = P(C) = \frac{1}{4}$
- $P(AB) = P(BC) = 0$,$P(AC) = \frac{1}{8}$
求 $P(A \cup B \cup C)$:
$P(A \cup B \cup C) = P(A) + P(B) + P(C) - P(AB) - P(BC) - P(CA) + P(ABC)$
由于 $P(AB) = P(BC) = 0$,且 $P(ABC) = 0$(因 $A$、$B$ 互斥),
$P(A \cup B \cup C) = \frac{1}{4} + \frac{1}{4} + \frac{1}{4} - \frac{1}{8} = \frac{3}{4} - \frac{1}{8} = \frac{5}{8}$
答案: $\boxed{\frac{5}{8}}$