题目
7. 求向量组:alpha_(1)=(1,0,2,1)^T,alpha_(2)=(1,2,0,1)^T,alpha_(3)=(2,1,3,0)^T,alpha_(4)=(2,5,-1,4)^T,alpha_(5)=(1,-1,3,-1)^T的秩,并给出该向量组的一个极大无关组,同时将其余的向量表示成该极大无关组的线性组合.
7. 求向量组:$\alpha_{1}=(1,0,2,1)^{T}$,$\alpha_{2}=(1,2,0,1)^{T}$,$\alpha_{3}=(2,1,3,0)^{T}$,$\alpha_{4}=(2,5,-1,4)^{T}$,$\alpha_{5}=(1,-1,3,-1)^{T}$的秩,并给出该向量组的一个极大无关组,同时将其余的向量表示成该极大无关组的线性组合.
题目解答
答案
将向量组构成矩阵 $A$,进行初等行变换化为行最简形:
\[
A = \begin{pmatrix}
1 & 1 & 2 & 2 & 1 \\
0 & 2 & 1 & 5 & -1 \\
2 & 0 & 3 & -1 & 3 \\
1 & 1 & 0 & 4 & -1
\end{pmatrix}
\rightarrow
\begin{pmatrix}
1 & 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \\
0 & 1 & 0 & 3 & -1 \\
0 & 0 & 1 & -1 & 1 \\
0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0
\end{pmatrix}
\]
**秩**:3
**极大无关组**:$\alpha_1, \alpha_2, \alpha_3$
**线性表示**:
\[
\alpha_4 = \alpha_1 + 3\alpha_2 - \alpha_3, \quad \alpha_5 = -\alpha_2 + \alpha_3
\]
\[
\boxed{
\begin{array}{ccc}
\text{秩:} & 3 \\
\text{极大无关组:} & \alpha_1, \alpha_2, \alpha_3 \\
\text{线性表示:} & \alpha_4 = \alpha_1 + 3\alpha_2 - \alpha_3, \quad \alpha_5 = -\alpha_2 + \alpha_3
\end{array}
}
\]