题目
(2)(x^3+y^3)dx-3xy^2dy=0.
(2)$(x^{3}+y^{3})dx-3xy^{2}dy=0.$
题目解答
答案
将方程改写为 $\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{x^3 + y^3}{3xy^2}$。令 $u = \frac{y}{x}$,则 $y = ux$,$\frac{dy}{dx} = u + x\frac{du}{dx}$。代入得:
$u + x\frac{du}{dx} = \frac{1 + u^3}{3u^2} \implies x\frac{du}{dx} = \frac{1 - 2u^3}{3u^2}$
分离变量并积分:
$\int \frac{3u^2}{1 - 2u^3} du = \int \frac{dx}{x} \implies -\frac{1}{2} \ln |1 - 2u^3| = \ln |x| + C_1$
解得:
$|1 - 2u^3| = \frac{C}{x^2} \implies 1 - 2\left(\frac{y}{x}\right)^3 = \frac{C}{x^2} \implies x^3 - 2y^3 = Cx$
答案: $\boxed{x^3 - 2y^3 = Cx}$