题目
10.若int_(-infty)^0(ae^x)/(1+e^2x)dx=(pi)/(2),则a=____.
10.若$\int_{-\infty}^{0}\frac{ae^{x}}{1+e^{2x}}dx=\frac{\pi}{2}$,则a=____.
题目解答
答案
令 $ u = e^x $,则 $ du = e^x \, dx $。当 $ x = -\infty $ 时,$ u = 0 $;当 $ x = 0 $ 时,$ u = 1 $。原积分变为
$\int_{-\infty}^{0} \frac{ae^x}{1+e^{2x}} \, dx = \int_{0}^{1} \frac{a}{1+u^2} \, du.$
利用反正切函数的积分公式,有
$\int_{0}^{1} \frac{a}{1+u^2} \, du = a \left[ \arctan u \right]_{0}^{1} = a \left( \arctan 1 - \arctan 0 \right) = a \left( \frac{\pi}{4} - 0 \right) = \frac{a\pi}{4}.$
由题意,该积分等于 $\frac{\pi}{2}$,故
$\frac{a\pi}{4} = \frac{\pi}{2} \implies a = 2.$
答案: $ a = 2 $。