题目
2.求极限lim_(xto0)((1^x+2^x+...+n^x)/(n))^(1)/(x).
2.求极限$\lim_{x\to0}\left(\frac{1^{x}+2^{x}+\cdots+n^{x}}{n}\right)^{\frac{1}{x}}.$
题目解答
答案
设 $ y = \left( \frac{1^x + 2^x + \cdots + n^x}{n} \right)^{\frac{1}{x}} $,取对数得
$\ln y = \frac{1}{x} \ln \left( \frac{1^x + 2^x + \cdots + n^x}{n} \right).$
当 $ x \to 0 $ 时,$ k^x \to 1 $($ k = 1, 2, \ldots, n $),故
$\frac{1^x + 2^x + \cdots + n^x}{n} \to 1.$
利用等价无穷小 $ \ln(1+u) \sim u $($ u \to 0 $),有
$\ln y \sim \frac{1}{x} \left( \frac{1^x + 2^x + \cdots + n^x}{n} - 1 \right).$
化简得
$\lim_{x \to 0} \ln y = \lim_{x \to 0} \frac{1^x + 2^x + \cdots + n^x - n}{nx} = \frac{\ln 1 + \ln 2 + \cdots + \ln n}{n} = \frac{\ln(n!)}{n}.$
因此,
$\lim_{x \to 0} y = e^{\frac{\ln(n!)}{n}} = (n!)^{1/n}.$
答案: $\boxed{(n!)^{1/n}}$(或$\boxed{\sqrt[n]{n!}}$)