题目
5.设 sin (x+2y-3z)=x+2y-3z, 证明: dfrac (partial z)(partial x)+dfrac (partial z)(partial y)=1.

题目解答
答案

解析
步骤 1:定义函数 $F(x,y,z)$
设 $F(x,y,z)=2\sin (x+2y-3z)-x-2y+3z$,则原方程可以表示为 $F(x,y,z)=0$。
步骤 2:计算偏导数
计算 $F(x,y,z)$ 对 $x$、$y$、$z$ 的偏导数:
- $\dfrac {\partial F}{\partial x}=2\cos (x+2y-3z)-1$
- $\dfrac {\partial F}{\partial y}=4\cos (x+2y-3z)-2$
- $\dfrac {\partial F}{\partial z}=-6\cos (x+2y-3z)+3$
步骤 3:应用隐函数定理
根据隐函数定理,有:
- $\dfrac {\partial z}{\partial x}=-\dfrac {\dfrac {\partial F}{\partial x}}{\dfrac {\partial F}{\partial z}}$
- $\dfrac {\partial z}{\partial y}=-\dfrac {\dfrac {\partial F}{\partial y}}{\dfrac {\partial F}{\partial z}}$
步骤 4:计算 $\dfrac {\partial z}{\partial x}+\dfrac {\partial z}{\partial y}$
将步骤 2 中的偏导数代入步骤 3 的公式中,得到:
- $\dfrac {\partial z}{\partial x}=-\dfrac {2\cos (x+2y-3z)-1}{-6\cos (x+2y-3z)+3}$
- $\dfrac {\partial z}{\partial y}=-\dfrac {4\cos (x+2y-3z)-2}{-6\cos (x+2y-3z)+3}$
将上述两个表达式相加,得到:
$\dfrac {\partial z}{\partial x}+\dfrac {\partial z}{\partial y}=-\dfrac {2\cos (x+2y-3z)-1}{-6\cos (x+2y-3z)+3}-\dfrac {4\cos (x+2y-3z)-2}{-6\cos (x+2y-3z)+3}$
$=-\dfrac {2\cos (x+2y-3z)-1+4\cos (x+2y-3z)-2}{-6\cos (x+2y-3z)+3}$
$=-\dfrac {6\cos (x+2y-3z)-3}{-6\cos (x+2y-3z)+3}$
$=1$
设 $F(x,y,z)=2\sin (x+2y-3z)-x-2y+3z$,则原方程可以表示为 $F(x,y,z)=0$。
步骤 2:计算偏导数
计算 $F(x,y,z)$ 对 $x$、$y$、$z$ 的偏导数:
- $\dfrac {\partial F}{\partial x}=2\cos (x+2y-3z)-1$
- $\dfrac {\partial F}{\partial y}=4\cos (x+2y-3z)-2$
- $\dfrac {\partial F}{\partial z}=-6\cos (x+2y-3z)+3$
步骤 3:应用隐函数定理
根据隐函数定理,有:
- $\dfrac {\partial z}{\partial x}=-\dfrac {\dfrac {\partial F}{\partial x}}{\dfrac {\partial F}{\partial z}}$
- $\dfrac {\partial z}{\partial y}=-\dfrac {\dfrac {\partial F}{\partial y}}{\dfrac {\partial F}{\partial z}}$
步骤 4:计算 $\dfrac {\partial z}{\partial x}+\dfrac {\partial z}{\partial y}$
将步骤 2 中的偏导数代入步骤 3 的公式中,得到:
- $\dfrac {\partial z}{\partial x}=-\dfrac {2\cos (x+2y-3z)-1}{-6\cos (x+2y-3z)+3}$
- $\dfrac {\partial z}{\partial y}=-\dfrac {4\cos (x+2y-3z)-2}{-6\cos (x+2y-3z)+3}$
将上述两个表达式相加,得到:
$\dfrac {\partial z}{\partial x}+\dfrac {\partial z}{\partial y}=-\dfrac {2\cos (x+2y-3z)-1}{-6\cos (x+2y-3z)+3}-\dfrac {4\cos (x+2y-3z)-2}{-6\cos (x+2y-3z)+3}$
$=-\dfrac {2\cos (x+2y-3z)-1+4\cos (x+2y-3z)-2}{-6\cos (x+2y-3z)+3}$
$=-\dfrac {6\cos (x+2y-3z)-3}{-6\cos (x+2y-3z)+3}$
$=1$