题目
9.填空题当λ=____时,曲线积分intlimits_(L)3x^2-1ydx+xA^2dy在整个xoy平面内与路径无关.
9.填空题
当λ=____时,曲线积分$\int\limits_{L}3x^{2-1}ydx+xA^{2}dy$在整个xoy平面内与路径无关.
题目解答
答案
为了确定使曲线积分$\int\limits_{L} 3x^{2\lambda-1}y \, dx + xA^2 \, dy$在整个$xy$-平面内与路径无关的$\lambda$值,我们需要确保向量场$\mathbf{F} = (3x^{2\lambda-1}y, xA^2)$是保守的。一个向量场是保守的,如果它的旋度为零。对于二维向量场$\mathbf{F} = (P(x, y), Q(x, y))$,旋度由$\frac{\partial Q}{\partial x} - \frac{\partial P}{\partial y}$给出。
这里,$P(x, y) = 3x^{2\lambda-1}y$和$Q(x, y) = xA^2$。为了使向量场保守,我们需要:
\[
\frac{\partial Q}{\partial x} = \frac{\partial P}{\partial y}
\]
首先,我们计算$\frac{\partial P}{\partial y}$:
\[
\frac{\partial P}{\partial y} = \frac{\partial}{\partial y} (3x^{2\lambda-1}y) = 3x^{2\lambda-1}
\]
接下来,我们计算$\frac{\partial Q}{\partial x}$:
\[
\frac{\partial Q}{\partial x} = \frac{\partial}{\partial x} (xA^2) = A^2
\]
由于$A$没有定义,我们假设$A = \lambda$(因为问题可能有打字错误,$A$应该是$\lambda$)。因此,$Q(x, y) = x\lambda^2$,我们有:
\[
\frac{\partial Q}{\partial x} = \frac{\partial}{\partial x} (x\lambda^2) = \lambda^2
\]
将$\frac{\partial Q}{\partial x}$和$\frac{\partial P}{\partial y}$设置为相等,我们得到:
\[
\lambda^2 = 3x^{2\lambda-1}
\]
为了使这个等式对所有$x$和$y$都成立,$x$的指数必须为零(因为$\lambda^2$是一个常数),所以:
\[
2\lambda - 1 = 1
\]
解$\lambda$:
\[
2\lambda = 2 \implies \lambda = 1
\]
因此,$\lambda$的值是$\boxed{1}$。