题目
31.(填空题)设 P(A|B)=P(B|A)=(1)/(2),P(A)=(1)/(3), 则 P(A∪B)=____。
31.(填空题)设 P(A|B)=P(B|A)=\frac{1}{2},P(A)=\frac{1}{3}, 则 P(A∪B)=____。
题目解答
答案
由题意,已知 $P(A|B) = P(B|A) = \frac{1}{2}$,$P(A) = \frac{1}{3}$。根据条件概率公式:
$P(A|B) = \frac{P(A \cap B)}{P(B)} = \frac{1}{2}, \quad P(B|A) = \frac{P(A \cap B)}{P(A)} = \frac{1}{2}.$
由 $P(B|A) = \frac{1}{2}$,可得:
$P(A \cap B) = P(A) \times P(B|A) = \frac{1}{3} \times \frac{1}{2} = \frac{1}{6}.$
再由 $P(A|B) = \frac{1}{2}$,可得:
$P(B) = \frac{P(A \cap B)}{P(A|B)} = \frac{\frac{1}{6}}{\frac{1}{2}} = \frac{1}{3}.$
根据概率加法公式:
$P(A \cup B) = P(A) + P(B) - P(A \cap B) = \frac{1}{3} + \frac{1}{3} - \frac{1}{6} = \frac{1}{2}.$
答案: $\boxed{\frac{1}{2}}$