Model____ (现在是教育工作者和家庭重新思考……的时候了) how to change the extent to which we expose our children to social media.→It's high time that educators and families rethought how to change the extent to which we expose our children to social media.1/____ (这条路也该修好了). They have been working on it for months.请输入答案…

【题文】 Children under age 6 should try their best not to use cellphones or computers, the National Health Commission has said, in a bid to protect them from nearsightedness. The commission also advised against parents using electronics before their children. The advice came when the commission recently made public the results of a survey on nearsightedness among children and youths. The survey found that 53. 6% of Chinese children and teenagers had suffered from nearsightedness in 2018. The nearsightedness rate was 14. 5% for 6-year-olds in kindergarten, 36% for primary school students, 71. 6% for junior middle school students, and 81% for senior high school students. The commission said age 0-6 is a serious time to develop the ability of seeing, and special importance should be put on the protection and health of eyesight at an early stage. It added that the most important cause of nearsightedness is that children spend too much time watching cellphones, computers and televisions. At primary and middle schools, teaching with electronics should be controlled to no more than 30% of overall teaching time. After classes, students should take a rest of 10 minutes after using electronic products for learning for 30-40 minutes. Children shouldn't spend more than one hour a day using electronic products for fun. In addition, the commission made suggestions on outdoor exercise. It said children and teenagers should control the continuous use of eyes in reading and writing to no more than 40 minutes and leave enough time for outdoor activities in the daytime. Teachers and parents should guide children to actively take part in exercise, with around two hours of outdoor activities in the daytime. China made a plan last year to stop the rise in nearsightedness among children and teenagers. It wants to keep the nearsightedness rate among 6-year-olds at around 3% by 2030, and the rate among junior and senior high school students below 60% and 70%.【小题1】What does the underlined word "electronics" refer to? A．Cellphones and computers. B．Letters and cellphones C．Computers and magazines. D．newspapers and computers 【小题2】Students in________ have the highest percentage of nearsightedness. A．kindergarten B．primary school C．junior high school D．senior high school 【小题3】Which of the following is the most important cause of kids' nearsightedness? A．Kids spend too much time on their homework. B．Kids spend too little time doing eye exercises C．Kids spend much time on electronic products D．Kids spend too little time doing outdoor exercise 【小题4】The main idea of Paragraph 4 may be that________. A．it's very bad for kids to use electronic products B．children should use electronic products properly C．children should use electronic products in class D．it's difficult for kids to use electronic products

Think or Swim: Can We Hold Back the Oceans As the world gets warmer, sea levels are rising. It has been happening at a snail’s pace so far, but as it speeds up more and more low-lying coastal land will be lost. At risk are many of the world’s cities and huge areas of fertile farmland. The sea is set to rise a metre or more by the end of this century. And that’s just the start. "Unless there is a rapid and dramatic about-face in emissions-which no one expects-the next century will be far worse than this century," says glaciologist (冰川学家) Bob Bindshadler of NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center, Maryland. Throwing trillions of dollars at the problem could probably save big cities such as New York and London, but the task of defending all low-lying coastal areas and islands seems hopeless. Or is it Could we find a way to slow the accelerating glaciers, drain seas into deserts or add more ice to the great ice caps of Greenland and Antarctica These ideas might sound crazy but we have got ourselves into such a bad situation that maybe we should start to consider them. If we carry on as we are, sea levels will rise for millennia, probably by well over 10 metres. Slashing greenhouse gas emissions would slow the rise, but the longer we hesitate, the bigger the rise we will be committed to. Even if "conventional" geo-engineering schemes for cooling the planet were put in place and worked as planned, they would have little effect on sea level over the next century unless combined with drastic emissions cuts. In short, if coastal dwellers don’t want their children and grandchildren to have to abandon land to the sea, now is the time to start coming up with Plan C. So New Scientist set out in search of the handful of researchers who have begun to think about specific ways to hold back the waters. One of the reasons why the great ice sheets of Greenland and Antartica are already shrinking is that the ice is draining off the land faster. Ice floating on the surrounding seas usually acts as a brake, holding back glaciers on land, so as this ice is lost the glaciers flow faster. The acceleration of the Jakobshavn glacier in Greenland is thought to be the result of warm currents melting the floating tongue of the glacier. Other outlet glaciers are being attacked in a similar way. Mike MacCracken of the Climate Institute in Washington DC is one of those starting to think that we shouldn’t just sit back and let warm currents melt ice shelves. "Is there some way of doing something to stop that flow, or cool the water" he asks. Last year, physicist Russel Seitz at Harvard University suggested that the planet could be cooled by using fleets of customised boats to generate large numbers of tiny bubbles. This would whiten the surface of the oceans and so reflect more sunlight. MacCracken says the bubbles might be better arranged in a more focused way, to cool the currents that are undermining the Jakobshavn glacier and others like it. A couple of degrees of chill would take this water down to freezing point, rendering it harmless. "At least that would slow the pace of change," MacCracken says. What about a more direct approach: building a physical barrier to halt a glacier’s flow into the sea by brute force Bindshadler thinks that is a non-starter. "The ice discharge has many sources, mostly remote and in environments where barriers are not Likely to work," he says. "Taking just the one example I know best, the Pine Island glacier in Antarctica drains into an ice shelf that at its front is 25 kilometres across and 500 metres thick, and moves at over 10 metres per day. The seabed there is 1000 metres down and is made of sediment (沉淀物) hundreds of metres thick and the consistency of toothpaste." Not your ideal building site. A slightly more subtle scheme to rein in the glaciers was proposed more than 20 years ago by Douglas MacAyeal of the University of Chicago. His idea is to fight ice with ice. The big outlet glaciers feed into giant floating shelves of ice, which break off into icebergs at their outer edges. MacAyeal suggested pumping water up from beneath the ice and depositing it on the upper surface, where it would freeze to form a thick ridge, weighing down the floating ice shelf. Add enough ice in this way, and the bottom of the ice shelf would eventually be forced down onto the seabed. Friction with the seabed would slow down the shelf’s movement, which in turn would hold back the glaciers feeding into it. It would be like tightening an immense valve. "I think it’s quite an inspired idea," says Bindshadler. But nobody has followed it up to work out how practical the scheme would be. "On the back of an envelope it has promise-but these ice shelves are big. You would need a lot of drilling equipment all over the ice shelf, and my intuition is that if you look at the energetics of it, it won’t work," Bindshadler says. Even if we could apply brakes to glaciers, this would only slow down sea level rise. Could we do better than that and reverse it-actually make the sea retreat If you think of the sea as a giant bathtub, then the most obvious way to lower its level is to take out the plug. "One of the oldest notions is filling depressions on the land," says MacCracken. Among the largest of these is the Qattara depression in northern Egypt, wlrich at its lowest point is more than 130 metres below sea level. Various schemes have been proposed to channel water from the Mediterranean into the depression to generate hydroelectric (水力) power, and as a by-product a few thousand cubic kilometres of the sea would be drained away. Unfortunately, that’s only enough to shave about 3 millimetres off sea level: a drop in the ocean. And there would be grave consequences for the local environment. "The leakage of salt water through fracture systems would add salt to aquifers (含水层) for good," says Farouk El-Baz, a geologist at Boston University who has studied the region. Refilling the Dead Sea is no better. Because of surrounding hills, this depression could be filled to 60 metres above sea level, but even that would only offset the rise by 5 millimetres-and drown several towns into the bargain. The notion of engineering lower sea levels remains a highly abstract topic. "If the world doesn’t control emissions, I’m pretty sure that no geo-engineering solution will work-and it would potentially create other side effects and false promises," says MacCracken. "But if we do get on a path to curbing emissions dramatically-down 50 per cent by 2050, say-then the question becomes, can geoengineering help with the hump we’re going to go through over the next few centuriesDouglas MacAyeal advised to pump water up from beneath the ice to______ A. break down the glaciers B. fight ice with iceC. tighten an immense valve D. weigh down the floating ice shelf

Study the words in the box and choose the right words in blank. container inexpensive relax dormitory 1. _ your muscles before starting to run. 2. _ buildings might house a small number of students or many hundreds. 3. It is a relatively _ and renewable material that's readily available. 4. A _ is a very large metal box used for transporting goods.

It is almost like a reflex(条件反射)whenever we have a runny nose or a cough we reach for the antibiotics(抗生素)．But maybe you should think twice before you start taking those pills next time you have a bit of a cold． Many doctors warn that we are overusing and sometimes misusing antibiotics to treat common diseases． This could have bad results． Across the world， the problem of antibiotic resistance is growing， and the situation is especially bad in China． The average amount of antibiotics each Chinese person takes every year is almost three times the international level and ten times the level in the United States， Xiao Yonghong， a professor in Peking University， told the Guangming Daily on October 19． It is a common wrong idea that antibiotics work for all diseases right down to everyday coughs and colds． In fact， antibiotics only work against bacteria， and not viruses． Most forms of the common cold and flu are caused by viruses， so antibiotics are useless against them． The process of curing a disease is like a war． Antibiotics kill many kinds of bacteria which make you sick， but sometimes they also get "confused" and kill antibodies(抗体)in your body that should be helping to kill viruses． Sometimes the enemy bacteria may change themselves in order to fight back． When antibiotics are used wrongly or too often， the bacteria can develop faster． This worsens the infection and makes it harder to treat． Because of resistance to antibiotics， once treatable diseases are becoming fatal(致命的)again． In recent years， different kinds of "superbugs" have been showing themselves in many parts of the world． They can avoid any antibiotics we have and have caused many deaths． Since penicillin(青霉素)was discovered by Alexander Fleming in 1929， it has saved many lives worldwide． Before this discovery was made， even infections in small cuts could kill． However， overuse or misuse of this "life-saving" medicine could mean antibiotics turn against us in the war against disease．(1)What is the main purpose of the first paragraph？___A． To inform readers that antibiotics are useful in treating diseases．B． To warn readers of the dangers of antibiotics used improperly．C． To explain the serious situation of antibiotics misuse in China．D． To report on the invention of new antibiotics in the world．(2)In the war of curing a disease___A． antibiotics defeat antibodiesB． antibiotics kill bacteriaC． antibodies help virusesD． bacteria change themselves(3)Which of the following statements is true according to the passage？___A． Antibiotics work against all kinds of everyday coughs and colds．B． Large amounts of antibiotics are needed to kill "superbugs"．C． Penicillin is considered to be the best ever antibiotic in history．D． Bacteria may become resistant to antibiotics and develop faster．(4)What can we learn from the passage？___A． Antibiotics are the best to kill colds．B． Antibiotics never fight against antibodies．C． Misuse of antibiotics could lead to deathD． The use of antibiotics should be forbidden．

Questions8to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard. 答案填写大写ABCD8A.It represents New York.B.It's next to the Central Park.C.Film stars sometimes go there.D.Getting a table there needs luck.9A.Driving a car.B.Riding a bike.C.Walking around.D.Jogging and exercising.10A.She has been there for many years.B.She has made lots of friends there.C.She likes the living conditions here.D.She can feel the intimacy with neighbors.11A.The side street vendors.B.The commercial atmosphere.C.The musical performances.D.The bright lights at night.

Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topicHandle Criticism and Compliments Properlybased on the picture below. You can cite examples to illustrate your point. You should write at least______words but no more than______words./"It"s a special hearing aid. It filters outcriticism and **pliments."分值: 20

25) Without urgent action,the __ in the next two months may spread to the entire southern region,and even-|||-the whole country.-|||-○A.famine-|||-B.defect-|||-。 C.deficiency-|||-D.coincidence

The word "justify" in the sentence "He couldn't justify his decision to leave the job." means _______.A. 理解B. 改变C. 接受D. 证明……是正确的

The magazine Reader s Digest is famous for making complicated subjects_9_to millions of readers.