The _ to his illness as an excuse of absence today would only add to the teacher's doubt.A. referenceB. consentC. instructionD. exception

31. Why are many people promising openly to buy no new clothes?A. Because they don't feel comfortable when they wear new clothes.B. Because they think it is good for the environment.C. Because they like their old clothes.D. Because they find new clothes more and more expensive.

Directions: In this section,you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each stat contains-|||-information given in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.-|||-You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter.Answer the-|||-questions by marking the corresponding letter Answer Sheet 2.-|||-The Rise of the Sharing Economy-|||-A)Last night 40,000 people rented accommodation from a serv that offers 250,000 rooms in 30,000 cities in 192-|||-countries. They chose their rooms and paid for everything online. But their beds were provided by private-|||-individuals,rather than a hotel chain.Hosts and guests were matched up by Airbnb,a firm based in San-|||-Francisco. Since its launch in 2008 more than 4m people have used it - 25m of them in 2012 alone. It is the-|||-most prominent example of a huge new "sharing economy",in which people rent beds,cars,boats and other-|||-assets directly from each other,co-ordinated v the Internet.-|||-B)You might think this is no different from running a bed-and brealgast(家庭旅店),owning a timeshare (分时度-|||-假房)or participating in a car pool.But technology has reduced transaction costs,making sharing assets cheaper-|||-and easier than ever-and therefore possible on a much larger scale. The big change is the avabilablity of more-|||-data about people and things,which allows physical assets to be disagrregated and consumed as services. Before-|||-the Internet,renting a s urfboard,a power tool or a parking space from someone else was feasible,but was usually-|||-more trouble than it was worth. Now websites such as Airbnb,RelayRides and Sna match up owners and-|||-renters;smarthones with G let people see where the nearest rentable car is parked;social networks provide a-|||-way to check up on people and build trust;and online payment systems handle the billing.-|||-What`s Mine Is Yours,for a Fee-|||-c)Just as peer-t peer businesses like eBay allow anyone to become a retailer,sharing sites let individuals act as an-|||-ad hoc (临时的) taxi service,car-hire firm or boutique hotel (精品酒店)as and when it suits them.Just go-|||-online or download an app. The model works for items that are expensive to buy and are widely owned by people-|||-who do not make full use of them. Bedrooms and cars are the most obvious examples,but you can also rent-|||-camping spaces in Sweden,fields in Australia and washing machines in France. As proponents of the sharing-|||-economy like to put it,access rnumps(胜过)ownership.-|||-D)Rachel Botsman,the author of a book on the subject,says the consumer peer-to peer rental market alone is worth-|||-S26 billion.Broader definitio of the sharing cconomy include peer-to-p lending or putting a solar panel on-|||-your roof and selling power back to the grid (电网).And it is not just individuals: the web makes it easier for-|||-companies to rent out spare offices and idle machines,too.But the core of the sharing economy is people renting-|||-things from each other.-|||-E)Such"cwabwarie(合作的)commpi thing for several reasons. Owners make money from-|||-underused assets. Airbnb says hosts in San Francisco who rent out their homes do so for an average of 58 nights a-|||-year,making ,300.Car owners who rent their vehicles to others using RelayRides make an average of -|||-a month;some make more than S1,000.Renters,meanwhile,pay less than they would if they bought the item-|||-themselves,or turned to a traditional provider such as a hotel or car -hire firm. And there are environmental-|||-benefits,too; renting a car when you need it, rather than owning one,means fewer cars are required and fewer-|||-resources must be devoted to making them.-|||-F)For sociable souls,meeting new people by staying in their homes is part of the charm. Curmudgeons (倔脾气的-|||-人)who imagine that every renter is Norman Bates can still stay at conventional hotels.For others, the web-|||-fosters trust.As well as the background checks carried out by platform owners,online reviews and ratings are-|||-usually posted by both parties to each transaction,which ma it easy to spot bad drivers,bathrobe-thieves and-|||-surfboard-wreckers.By using Facebook and other social networks,participants can check cach other out and-|||-identify friends(or frien of friends) in common.An Airbnb user had her apartment trashed in 2011.But the-|||-remarkable thing is how well the system usually works.-|||-Peering into the Future-|||-G)The sharing economy is a little like online shopping,which started in America 15 years ago.At first,people were-|||-worried about security.But having made a successful purchase from,say,Amazon,they felt safe buying-|||-elsewhere.Similarly,using Airbnbor a car-hire servi the first time encourages people to try other offerings.-|||-Next,consider eBay.Having started out as a peer-to-peer marketplace, it is now dominated by professional-|||-power sellers"(many of whom started out as ordinary eBay users). The same may happen with the sharing-|||-economy,which also provides new opportunitie for enterprise. Some people have bought cars solely to rent them-|||-out,for example.-|||-H)Existing rental businesse are getting involved too.Avis,a car -hire firm, has a share in a sharing rival. So do-|||-GM and Daimler,two carmakers. In future,companies may develop hybrid models,listing excess capacity-|||-(whether vehicles,equipme or office space)on peer-to-peer rental sites. In the past, new ways of doing things-|||-online have not displaced the old ways entirely.But they have often changed them. Just as internet shopping-|||-forced Walmart and Tesco to adapt, so online sharing will shake up transport,tourism,equipment-hire and more.-|||-I)The main worry is regulatory uncertainty Will room-renters be subject to hotel taxes,for example?In Amsterdam-|||-officials are using Airbnb listings to track down unlicensed hotels.In some American cities, peer-to peer taxi-|||-services have been banned after lobbying by traditional taxi firms. The danger is that although some rules need to-|||-be updated to protect consumers from harm,existing rental businesses will try to destroy competition.People who-|||-rent out rooms should pay tax,of course, but they should not be regulated like a Ritz-Carlton hotel. The lighter-|||-rules that typically govern bed-and-breakfasts are more than adequate.-|||-J)The sharing economy is the latest example of the internet`s value to consumers.This emerging model is now big-|||-and disnuptive (项覆性的)enough for regulators and companies to have woken up to it.That is a sign of its-|||-immense potential. It is to start caring about sharing.-|||-注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。-|||-36.Sharing items such as cars does good to the environment.-|||-37.Airbnb`s success clearly illustrates the emergence of a huge sharing economy.-|||-38.The major concern about the sharing economy is how the government regula-|||-39.The most frequently shared items are those expensive to buy but not fully used.-|||-40.The sharing economy has a promising future.-|||-41.Online sharing will change the way business is done in transportation,travel, rentals, etc.-|||-42.Airbnb is a website that enables owners and renters to complete transaction online.-|||-43.The sharing economy is likely to go the way of online shopping.-|||-44.One advantage of sharing is that owners earn money from renting out items not made full use of.-|||-45.Sharing appeals to the sociable in that they can meet new people.

62.听说他们平安无事,我们就放心了。 (relieved)-|||-62 that they were safe

Editor: These days there has been a lot of talk about cutting a day off the sixday work week. I find one excuse for not taking this system (制度) unacceptable. It says that under today’s conditions, when our work efficiency is still very low and the work-load quite heavy, we cannot follow the ex- ample of technologically advanced western countries in practising the five-day work week. Their conclusion is: The time is not ripe for such a system. I really don’ t see much point in this argument (争论,论点). They say the efficiency of the majority of our workers has been very low, but do they know what caused today’s low efficiency It’s old time requirement that no matter how soon you can get your work done, you must still stick to your post and never leave. If we do not start a new system that is more exciting now , there are few chances that the low efficiency in our work can be changed.The word "point" in the third paragraph (段) probably means().A. main idea of something saidB. a small round dotC. reasonD. characteristic

5 Fill in the blanks by selecting suitable wordsfrom the word bank. You may not use any ofthe words more than once.A affectionate F considerably K honoraryB applause G decline L initiativeC ceased H derived M processD ceremony I enables N respondsE conscientiously J enthusiastic O withdrawWhen I was little, I was very shy. I wanted tomake friends, but did not know how to begina friendship. My mother told me to reach outto others who were also underline(shy) and underline(talk) to them.It worked and I made some truly 1) ___friendships in my childhood. Since then, thisapproach has never 2) ___ to underline(amaze) me.So, if you want to make friends with others,be willing to take the 3) ___. Make the firstmove and invite them to join you for someactivities, such as hiking or cycling. When youshow your love and care to others, you receivelove and care in return.People like talking about themselves, so showinterest and listen 4) ___ to them. People alsoenjoy being around someone who appreciatesand is 5) ___ about their success. So, showappreciation and be supportive. Make sure yougive them a pat on the back or a round of6) ___ if they have achieved something. Suchbody language 7) ___ you to send an “I care”message.Yet, you must realize that sometimes whenyou reach out, people may 8) ___ your offerof friendship. That's OK. Don't give up. Justrepeat the 9) ___ all over again. It's trulyworth it when someone 10) ___ and a greatfriendship is formed! So, just have an openmind and try to make more friends!<|im_end|>5 Fill in the blanks by selecting suitable words from the word bank. You may not use any of the words more than once.A affectionate F considerably K honoraryB applause G decline L initiativeC ceased H derived M processD ceremony I enables N respondsE conscientiously J enthusiastic O withdraw

Directions:For cach blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C-|||-and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.-|||-While the full picture has yet to emerge, it appears that the reason for in (log )_(2)5 of AirAsia flight-|||-QZ8501is different from the losses of MH370 and MH17earlier this year.MH17,shot down in-|||-Ukraine,was clearly a man-made disaster;QZ8SO1's disappearance ap to be weather -related-|||-MH370°sloss remains a mystery.-|||-Even though cloud d-computing(云计算)could help advance the status(状态)of the black box in-|||-terms of the in vestigation after such incidents,as we are only too aware,nature-in the form of-|||-bad weather-often plays a significant role in airline disasters.Is there anything we can do,on the-|||-ground,to lower the 51 of these weather related incidents?-|||-Recently,Microsoft Rescar illustrated that by combi real-time data from nearby flights, it i-|||-possible to 52 the wind speed to an accuracy 10 times better than the weather-|||-simulations(模拟)by supercomputers.Augment data collected from real-time sensors from-|||-the cloud,one can create a better simulation, 53 the advances in the intemet of flying things-|||-The internet of flying things refers to the technology that is ready for adoption by agencies on the-|||-ground that want to get a bird's-eye view of weather conditions.The basic technology is already-|||- 54 for less than f500:equipping a drone(无入机)or unmanned airborne vehide with a GoPro-|||-quality camera, enthusias fans can already survey the neighborhood from the air.-|||-If we look at the air crash incidents caused by bad weather conditions can the killer technology of-|||-cloud computing and augmented reality be used as a life saver?-|||-When you fly into such wind speeds, is it not difficult to change one's actions 55 ?Isn't the-|||-flight simply doomed?Not necessarily.In this case, had nearby flying objects logged(记录)the-|||-abnormal wind speeds earlier,they would have been able to inform air traffic control in time to-|||- 56 a waming to flight QZ8501.In these situations,often timely interventions(干预)can save-|||-lives.-|||-But before this idea can 57 be realized,there are at least three obstacles to overcome if we-|||-want to use the power of the internet of flying objects.-|||-The first thing to note is that these flying objects shouldn't be 58 to aircraft.We could be-|||-talking about weather balloons,drones-anything in the air,in short,but these objects need to be-|||-identifibbl.Onle.through 59 can messages from these flying objects be recognized and-|||-trusted by authorities such as FAA.So,for example,the drones that -it is imagined -will be-|||-carrying goods to households must be 60 and their call signs logged by the authorities-|||-before they can be of any practical help.At present they are not.In other words, the-|||-autonomous(非政府的)flying objects are required to collaborate with air traffic controllers if we-|||-want to build a picture that will deliver a secure and trustworthy solution-|||- 61 ,these regulated and registered flying objects need to be effectively networked,so that-|||-through the 62 of real-time data the crowd-sourced(基于大众资源的)information-|||-delivers as accurate a picture as possible.Resolving any conflicts arising from information coming-|||-in from multiple sources requires a good computational mode that can assign appropriate weight-|||-to the 63 sources.-|||-And this collected data needs to depict a physical truth to decision makers -whether they are in-|||-front of the desk in the air traffic control center,on the flight deck of a nearby aircraft or in-|||-command of the rescue team.The task of confinming available 64 .against any possible-|||-intemal flaws or extemal tampering(干扰) would require that network security levels are brought-|||-to another level-|||-These three 65 are basic,but if they can be overcome, they might offer us a better-|||-opportunity to use today's technology to provide safer air transport in the future.-|||------ddapted from a magazine article in 2014-|||-51.A.risk B.disturbance C.uncertainty D.threat-|||-52.A.check B.follow C.predict D.monitor-|||-53.A.thanks to B.in spite of C.with reference to D.other than-|||-54.A.feasible B.possible C.profitable D.available-|||-55.A.secretly B.accordingly C.ambitiously D.unexpectedly-|||-56.A.ignore B.withdraw C.issue D.reserve-|||-57.A. B.financially C.academically D.purposely-|||-practically-|||-mitted B.entitled C.limited D.presented-|||-59.A.administration B.identification munication D.indication-|||-60.A.sponsored B.selected C.eliminated D. regulated-|||-61.A.By contrast B.In addition C.As a result D.In general-|||-62.A.preparation B.protection C.exchange D. -|||-63.A.various B.similar C.extra D. -|||-64.A.instruction B.outlook C.measure D.evidence-|||-65.A.arrangements B.requirements C. D.arguments-|||-

Organized volunteering and work experience has long been a vital companion to university degree courses. Usually it is left to underline(1) to deduce the potential from a list of extracurricular adventures on a graduate's resume,underline(2) now the University of Bristol has launched an award to formalize the achievements of students who underline(3) time to activities outside their courses. Bristol Plus aims to boost students in an increasingly underline(4) job market by helping them acquire work and life skills alongside underline(5) qualifications."Our students are a pretty active bunch, but we found that they didn't underline(6) appreciate the value of what they did underline(7) the lecture hall," says Jeff Goodman, director of careers and employability at the university. "Employers are much more underline(8) than they used to be. They used to look for underline(9) and saw it as part of their job to extract the value of an applicant's skills. Now they want students to be able to explain why those skills are underline(10) to the job."Students who sign underline(11) for the award will be expected to complete 50 hours of work experience or underline(12) work, attend four workshops on employability skills, take part in an intensive skills-related activity underline(13) crucially, write a summary of the skills they have gained. underline(14) efforts will gain an Outstanding Achievement Award. Those who underline(15) best on the sports field can take the Sporting plus Award, which fosters employer-friendly sports accomplishments.The experience does not have to be underline(16) organized. "We're not just interested in easily identifiable skills," says Goodman. underline(17) one student took the lead in dealing with a difficult landlord and so underline(18) negotiation skills. We try to make the experience relevant to individual lives."Goodman hopes the underline(19) will enable active students to fill in any gaps in their experience and encourage their less-active underline(20) to take up activities outside their academic area of work.1、bigcircA advisors bigcircB specialists bigcircC critics bigcircD employers2、bigcircA which bigcircB but bigcircC unless bigcircD since3、bigcirc

你必须理解这些规定不可能突然之间改变。 ( overnight ) You have to understand that _ 64 _.

Thanks to the means of modern transportation and communication, the world is getting smaller. The whole world community appears to be no more than a large global village, where the people of different nations come together with different cultural backgrounds and values. 1 While engaging themselves in cultural exchange, they seek common development in a harmonious and respectful relationship. 2 Cultural exchange is by no means a process of losing one's own culture to a foreign culture, but one of enriching each other's national cultures. Through cultural exchange, different cultures can absorb and influence one another. We should adopt the principle of eliminating the false and retaining the true, discarding the dross and selecting the essential, exporting more and importing the best, and resisting corruptive influences. 3 I believe that different cultures can learn from each other's strengths to offset their own weaknesses and complement one another. 4 While absorbing the essence of a foreign culture, we should not be content with imitation without creation. An obsession with simple imitation will sterilize creation, and as such it will be impossible for us to scale new heights in art and impossible to present to the world excellent works of our own creation. Simple imitation is by no means equivalent to novelty and originality. On the contrary, novelty and originality result from the combination of modern and traditional styles, the combination of the distinctive features of foreign countries and those of our own nation, and the combination of artistry and education. 5 The culture of a nation must withhold its own distinctive national characteristics in its extensive exchange with other cultures, and make contributions to the development of human civilization. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.