49.-_ you _(be) here next week?第1空请输入答案第2空请输入答案

({B)}TEXT B({/B)} At 5:30 in the morning we are deep in a dark forest on an island in the middle of the Panama Canal. We’ve been out walking for only 15 minutes, but I’m already soaked in sweat. As a colleague and I plod along, my head lamp picks out the occasional trail marker, but mainly the light seems to operate as a major local landmark for insects. Several mosquitoes have already discovered the delights of the soft parts of my ears, while others are slowly working their way between my socks and legs to be discovered later after much scratching. Suddenly a deranged roaring and barking starts 25m above my head and builds chaotically and intensity before slowly quieting after several minutes. Similar mad choruses respond from other areas of the forest. Hearing the dawn cacophony of howler monkeys always given me a deep sense of pleasure -- the joy of being back in the tropics. It may be a hot, humid place where insects, plants and fungi rule, but the phone and fax won’t find me here. I’m free to watch monkeys, collect data and try to tease out a tiny piece of the great puzzle of life’s diversity. That diversity faces disaster, and every biologist has a horror story to tell. Each year many of us return to the field after a cold winter’s teaching to discover that-our research sites have been destroyed and our experiments and study organisms have disappeared. We can see with our own eyes the mass extermination of the world’s animal and plant life as forests, savannas and wetlands give way to farmland, housing developments and shopping malls. If current rates of habitat destruction continue, it is likely that we will condemn from a quarter to half the world’s currently living species to extinction within the next 100 years. Nowhere is life more diverse than in tropical rain forests, and nowhere is the assault on life more tragic. Scientists are only beginning to understand the complex webs of interdependencies among various species. Increasingly, ecological research in the tropics in revealing how dependent humans are on forests for a wide variety of important services, particularly regulation of the earth’s atmosphere and climate. We may owe as much to the residents of the rain forests as we do our cattle, corn and wheat. Much of our understanding of tropical-forest biology comes from research on Barro Colorado Island, a 1,600-hectare dot in the middle of the Panama Canal. B.C.I. , as the island is affectionately known to the biologists who work there, is covered with dense tropical forest, which was declared a nature reserve in 1923. The Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute facility on B. C. I. , established in 1946, is a Mecca for tropical biologists, who work to uncover the complex links between the large variety of species that live in forests and to demonstrate the importance of these woodlands as sources for medicines and other products of incalculable value to humans. The atmosphere at the research station is probably similar to that at Los Alamos, New Mexico, in the 1940s when a group of the world’s top physicists were cloistered together trying to design the atom bomb. The justified the creation of a nuclear weapon by assuming it would provide the ultimate deterrent that could be used to reinforce peace in a democratic world. Similarly, the longer-term future of human civilization on earth is dependent on the earth’s forests, which act as its lungs, livers and kidneys. That is why scientists on B. C. I. are struggling to unravel the mysteries of the forests before they disappear. At first the forest in Panama just looks like a wall of green. Then you start to notice differences between plant species, and the sheer diversity seems suddenly overwhelming. Variations between plants are often subtle and only apparent for the short period of time that a species bears flowers or fruit. Slowly you begin to identify specific types and family groups such as the palms, heliconias and fig trees. Yet each of these families contains many species, every one of which has a subtle variation on an evolutionary theme that has found a slightly different way of competing for limited light and nutrients, or escaping from predators and diseases. The fig trees provide a spectacular example of the complex interaction of species that enables forests to function. Of more than 1,000 species of figs in the world, at least 20 are found in Panama. Most tree species on B. C.I. bear fruit only seasonally, producing an abundance of it at the beginning of the rainy season in May and June. This is all consumed by variety of birds, monkeys and bats, and by the end of the rainy season, in October through December, there is a major shortage of food in the forest. Saving the day are the fig trees, which may bear fruit at any time. Why do fig trees follow a different fruiting strategy from that of other trees It turns out that figs are pollinated by tiny insects called fig wasps. The female wasp enters the fig flowers when they appear, lays her eggs and then dies. In the process she brings in fig pollen, which fertilizes the flower and spurs development of the fig fruit. Meanwhile the wasp’s eggs develop within the flower into larvae, which feed on some of the fruit before metamorphosing into adults and mating within the fruit. The males then die, while the females, by now covered in pollen, leave the fig in search of a new flower in which to lay their eggs, thus keeping the pollination going. Research by Allen Herre and colleagues at B. C.I. has shown that adult female fig wasps live for only two days and that each species of the fig wasp is specific to species of fig. Thus there always has to be a fig in flower while one is in fruit to ensure that the cycle continues. Since a fig-tree population must bear fruit all year because of the wasp’s short lifespan, the figs keep fruit-eating mammals alive during the fry season when other food sources are scarce. The fig tress are in turn dependent on these fruiteaters as dispersers of their seeds. Of course, the fruit-eaters also disperse the seeds of other plant species that produce fruit during the rainy season. This creates a long-term dependence of the other plants on the presence of figs. All this suggests that a minimum number of fig trees is essential for a healthy tropical forest. Furthermore, studies from a variety of other habitats indicate that the disappearance of just one or two keystone species can lead to extinctions throughout the local community. In some cases it may take decades before trouble starts to show up. Ultimately the forest has the vast potential of time to recover from almost anything we do to it. Like a large green heart, it has often expanded and contracted on a time scale of tens of thousands of years, while simultaneously fostering the diversity of species that inhabit the planet, including our own species. Unfortunately our human ability to understand our relationship to the forest and other habitats has to be mustered on a much faster time scale. Luckily scientists trying to demonstrate the dependence of humans on natural communities are making huge strides. History will show that their long-term contribution to the quality of life far exceeded those of other scientific endeavors such as the bombmaking at Los Alamos. It will also be far easier to justify their work to our grandchildren.Which of the following statements can be inferred from the passage A．Forests could not function without the fig wasp.B．Forest will recover no matter what we do to them.C．If man does not acquire an understanding of his relationship to the forest and other habitats there will be an ecological disaster.D．Scientists’ long-term contribution to the quality of life depends on their fig wasp research.

({B)} The Organized Traveller’s Checklist({/B)} Here’s a step-by-step guide to accomplishing the essentials in the weeks, days, and hours before you leave on vacation.Eight Weeks Ahead ・ If you’re going out of the country and don’t have all of the documents you need--whether passports or original birth certificates--now is the time to get them. If it looks like the documents may not arrive until the last minute--or even late--show your airline tickets to personnel at the government agencies from which you’re requesting documents. Ask them to put a rush on your application. ・ If you’re traveling abroad, contact a travel health specialist (your health-care provider may have a travel department, or your doctor may be able to recommend a specialist), or contact your local health department to ask about immunizations and preventive medicines. ・ When it comes to what to take with you--be it luggage, sports equipment, camping gear, or clothing--now’s the time to assess your needs. You can save shopping time and hassle by buying from catalogs: order now so purchases will arrive before your departure date.({B)}Six Weeks Ahead({/B)} ・ If you don’t belong to an auto club and are about to use your car on a trip, join a club now so you can take advantage of member benefits. These usually include trip-planning services, maps, guidebooks, discounts at accommodations and attractions, and roadside emergency help. ・ Join an airline’s frequent-flier program too--it’s free. Make sure the names on your tickets and on membership forms are identical, or you won’t get mileage (英里里程)credit for your flights. Give frequent-flier numbers to your travel agent.({B)}Four Weeks Ahead({/B)} ・ Airline seats are generally assigned and confirmed 30 days prior to departure, so call now to get your desired seat assignments and to make certain your family is seated together. Another call to make is to a kennel (养狗场) or other facility if you plan to board a pet during vacation. ・ Buy any home security and automation (自动操作)devices you’ll need. These might include timers for lights and TVs, an alarm system, automatic plant-watering systems, and pet feeders. Figure out how they work now so you won’t be scrambling to set them on the day of departure. ・ If anyone in your family wears glasses or contacts, order a spare pair today so they’ll be ready by the time you go. At the very least, get an up-to-date prescription so you can take it to a quick-service optical store if glasses are lost or broken. If you need prescriptions or checkups, make those appointments now.({B)}Two Weeks Ahead({/B)} ・ Write down your doctors’ and. pharmacist’s phone numbers in case you need information on the road. If you’ll be driving your own car, have a reliable mechanic check it from top to bottom. ・ Plan the route now: Do it yourself with good maps and trip-planning software, or use your automobile club’s trip-planning service. Clubs like the American and Canadian Automobile Associations (AAA and CAA) require two weeks’ notice to provide this service to members. ・ You will want to carry a moderate amount of cash, as well as traveler’s checks and credit or debit cards. Automated teller machines (ATMs) are handy because you don’t have to take as much cash with you, but check with your bank to see if there will be ATMs where you’re going. Buy the traveler’s checks now, and be sure to keep the records detailing check numbers separate from the checks themselves. ・ Check camera equipment. Buy fresh batteries and more film than you think you’ll need. Resort-area stores charge premium prices for cameras and film.({B)}One Week Ahead({/B)} ・ No need to pack yet, but get everything ready. Gather toiletries, medicines, shoes, clothes, first-aid supplies, toys, and activities. Wash clothes and add to the pile. Make a separate pile for carry-on items. ・ Unless taxis or airport shuttle buses are available in your area, arrange a ride to the airport. You can call a car service or radio taxi, or ask a friend to take you. Arrange for your lawn to be cut, your mail to be held or picked up, and newspaper and milk delivery to be suspended. If you’re expecting deliveries from a parcel service, make arrangements for those too. ・ If any bills will come due while you’re away, pay them in advance. You can also prepay some bills if you’ll be gone a month or longer. Make arrangements with your utility, telephone, and cable companies, or any others that may tack on late fees or interest if you don’t pay on time. Call your child’s school if it’ll be in session while you’re gone. Give the office your travel dates, and talk to teachers about making up assignments. Also talk about travel-related work your child can do to make up for missing school.({B)}48 Hours Ahead({/B)} ・ Plan to meet with a friend who will hold on to your house keys and a detailed itinerary with telephone numbers where you can be reached. Also, give the friend a list of the serial numbers for your traveler’s checks, photocopies of airline tickets, and copies of any passports or birth certificate you’re taking along. If you lose these, your friend can fax or send copies to you. ・ Finish laundry now. You don’t want to be washing clothes at the last minute and worrying about whether everything will be dry enough to pack.({B)}The Final 24 Hours({/B)} ・ The day before you leave, stay home from work if possible--or at least try to come home early. Sacrificing one vacation day is worth it to reduce stress. ・ Once you’re packed and organized, order dinner in instead of cooking, and use paper plates so that you won’t have to wash up afterward. Before bed, load packed bags and any camping or sports gear into the car, leaving one bag indoors to hold last-minute items. If someone will be driving you to the airport, set everything by the door.({B)}Last-Minute Details({/B)} ・ Walk through the house and take care of everything that needs attention. In the kitchen, wash dishes, throw out the coffee filter, unplug appliances, and make sure the oven and stove-top burners are off. Adjust the refrigerator to an energy-saving setting, and toss out perishable foods. Take out the garbage. If you have canceled garbage pickup during your vacation, bring last-minute trash to a neighbor’s house or with you to dump elsewhere. ・ In the living room and bedrooms, unplug TVs and other devices not on timers. If it’s summer, turn the air conditioning off or to a comfortable setting for pets staying behind. If it’s winter, turn the heat to the lowest temperature that will keep pets warm and prevent pipes from freezing (ask your local utility company for the ideal setting). Close the fireplace flue to save heat and keep out animals. ・ Turn off the water to the washing machine. Clean pets’ cages and litter boxes; leave care instructions if they’re staying behind and you’ve asked someone to look in on them. Activate control systems for security, lawn watering, and lights. Before leaving, secure windows and doors.What do you do if you want to get a desired seat assignment on the airline A．To call the airline to confirm two months before the departure.B．To call your family and discuss about it together.C．To call the airline to confirm one month ahead of the departure.D．To call the travel agency to confirm three weeks before the departure.

Match the following expressions with the corresponding meanings.第一组内容1. employee's card2. feeling of freshness3. adaptation period第二组内容A. 新鲜感B. 工作证C. 适应期请将两组内容相关的项连起来1--- A B C2--- A B C3--- A B C

TranslationTranslate the following sentences into English.1 中庸思想（Doctrine of the Mean）是儒家思想的核心之一，“中”不是折中，而是处理事情时的一种适度的（moderate）方法。__2 孔子主张，应该通过自身修养（self-cultivation）把中庸思想融入日常行为中，使之成为一种美德。__3 一直以来，中庸思想为民族精神的构建、智慧的传播和文化的发展发挥着不可估量的（immeasurable）作用。__

Directions: In this task, you are to write an essay on the necessity of developing social skills for college students. You will have 30 minutes for the task. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

8.A(n)____day for me involves waking up at 5 a.m. and going for a long run before starting work.A. flexibleB. greyC. typicalD. internal

题型说明:介词、副词填空。(每题5分，共计100分)4.(5.0分) An accountant deals_ numbers.第1空

B　　Running your small business requires good staff. Once you find them, you don't want to let them go elsewhere.　　During an employee's time with a company, there are a number of forces that influence his or her behavior. I like to refer to them as "push" and "pull" . You're either pushing an employee towards the door, or pulling them deeper into your organization.　　Suppose that you've made a good hire and you want to keep the employees, the trick is to recognize individual needs of employees and satisfy those needs, within reason, in order to keep pulling them away from the door. Even if you can't pull them away from the door, at least don't do things to push them out of the door.　　Recognize that some employees will lose interest and need something fresh to keep their interest. If you can't continually provide challenges, opportunities for promotion and other interesting and rewarding opportunities, then you'll have some employees leave through no fault of your own.　　The important thing is to identify your key employees and make certain they are being treated well. Communicate with them on a regular basis to make certain that you understand what makes them behave in a particular way, and be aware of concerns they may have about job satisfaction.To keep your employees, you are advised to _____.A. recognize and meet their needsB. identify and overcome their faultsC. offer them a salary as high as possibleD. provide them with a better working conditionAccording to the passage, when is it possible for some employees to lose interest?A. The company is located in a remote area.B. They have no rewarding opportunities.C. They make many mistakes in their work.D. The company is not big enough for development.How should you deal with your key employees according to the last paragraph?A. Make them behave well. B. Meet with them every day.C. Pay regular visits to their family.D. Make sure they are well-treated.The passage is mainly about _____.A. how to keep your employeesB. the importance of key employeesC. how to challenge your employeesD. the difference between“push”and“pull”

1、A. growing number of US seniors face the risk of early mortality.B. Correlations have been found between loneliness and ill health.B.Chronic loneliness does harm to senior citizens in particular.D. The number of older Americans living alone is on the rise.2、E. Loneliness is probably reversible.F. Being busy helps fight loneliness.G. Loneliness rarely results from living alone.H. Medication is available for treating loneliness.3、I. Living with one´s children.J. Meaningful social contact.K. Meeting social expectations.L. Timely medical intervention.