Psychologists (心理学家) have found that how much people smile in old photos can predict their later success in marriage. In one test, the researchers looked at people's college yearbook photos, and rated their smile intensity from 1 to 10. Scoring was based on the stretch in two muscles: one that pulls up on the mouth, and one that creates wrinkles around the eyes. None of the people who fell within the top 10 percent of smile strength had divorced, while within the bottom 10 percent of smilers, almost one in four had had a marriage that ended, the researchers say. In a second trial, the research team asked people over age 65 to provide photos from their childhood. The researchers scored each person's smile, and found that only 11 percent of the biggest smilers had been divorced, while 31 percent of the frowners had experienced a broken marriage. Overall, the results indicate that people who frown in photos are five times more likely to get a divorce than people who smile. While the connection is striking, the researchers stress that they can't conclude anything about the cause of the correlation (相关性). "Maybe smiling represents a positive disposition (性格) towards life," said study leader Matthew Hertenstein, a psychologist at DePauw University in Indiana. "Or maybe people who smile more often tend to attract more friends, and a larger support network makes it easier to keep a marriage healthy." Hertenstein said he has considered other explanations, such as the possibility that people who smile when a photographer tells them to may have gentle personalities, which makes marriage easier. The results of the study fit into a larger pattern of research that has found many personality characteristics can be determined from very thin slices of behavior. Basically, we often reveal ourselves in the most subtle, simple ways. And smiling in photos has been shown to be connected with a number of traits, including a generally happier disposition. "I think our results go along with a lot of the literature that's been coming out over the last 5 to 10 years, which shows that positive emotionality is incredibly important in our lives," Hertenstein told Live Science. "There are many, many beneficial outcomes to a positive disposition."1. The final purpose for the researchers to score people's smiles is to ________.A) help people predict whether their marriage will surviveB) find out whether smiles relate to marriage outcomes C) find out whether people were happy at their early ageD) reveal whether smiling presents a happier personality2. What do the researchers conclude through the two tests?A) People who smile more often are likely to have a lasting marriage. B) People who frown in their old photos will get a divorce in future.C) Even the biggest smilers might also experience divorce.D) Most frowners take a passive attitude towards marriage.3. According to Hertenstein, why is smiling connected with marriage success?A) Because smiling people have more supporting friends.B) Because smiling people are easy-going and gentle.C) Because smiling people have happier personality.D) He does not know the exact reason for sure. 4. What is the implication of Hertenstein's research and the other similar study?A) It's usually hard to conceal one's personality.B) It's beneficial to reveal our true emotions.C) It's significant to have a positive personality. D) It's important to pay attention to our daily behavior.5. Which one of the following is the best title for the passage?A) Smiles and Personality.B) Smiles and Old Photos.C) Old Photos Predict Personality.D) Smiles Predict Marriage Success.

1.2 Replace the underlined part in each of the following sentences with a word or phrase from the bed. below. Write your answer in the brackets. Change the form where necessary. jointly convince deserve intense superiority keen obscure compare sth./sb. to sth./sb. else overdue by any measure by far embark on far and wide 1 Liz is the right leader to take on the role as CEO 4 Several companies are involved in developing a of our company. She is outstanding any way new flying taxi to overcome congestion(拥塞) in you look at her.() big cities.() 2 In 1978, the government of China launched a 5 Good news never goes beyond the gate major program of economic reform that will go while bad news travels in all directions. down in history.( .................................................... () ( .................................................... ) 3 Shakespeare believed the world was like a 6I think Paul should get first prize-he has stage, on which all men and women were merely players.( certainly earned it.( ) ()

【2020·全国卷I】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. The unmanned Chang’e-4 probe (探测器) - the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess______(touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin. Landing on the moon’s far side is______(extreme) challenging. Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot______it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. The far side of the moon is of particular______(interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山)， more so______the familiar near side. Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4______(find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. ＂This really excites scientists,＂ Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, ＂because it______(mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon______(construct)＂ Data about the moon’s composition, such as how______ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether______(it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical.We were first greeted with the barking by a pack______dogs，seven to be exact. They were well trained by their masters______had great experience with caring for these animals. Our hosts shared many of their experiences and______(recommend)wonderful places to eat，shop，and visit. For breakfast，we were able to eat papaya(木瓜)and other fruits from their trees in the backyard.When they were free from work，they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting______(compete)to watch，together with the story behind it. They also shared with us many______(tradition)stories about Hawaii that were______(huge)popular with tourists. On the last day of our week-long stay，we______(invite)to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars，______(listen)to musicians and meeting interesting locals.4. 【2019·浙江卷】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。There are several reasons why school uniforms are good idea. First of all, uniforms help the school look smart. The students feel that they belong to a particular group. When every pupil in the school wears the uniform, nobody______(have) to worry about fashion(时尚). Everybody wears______same style of clothes. Uniforms can be useful in unexpected ways, A school in Ireland has introduced an interesting new uniform. On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth______gives off light in the dark. When the children are walking or______(cycle) to school on dark mornings, car drivers can______(easy) see them.But can uniforms help improve school standards? The answer______this question is not clear. One study in America found that students' grades______(improve) a little after the school introduced uniforms. But some students didn't want______(wear) the uniform. Other American studies showed no______(connect) between uniforms and school performance.School uniforms are______(tradition) in Britain, but some schools are starting to get rid of them. Some very good schools don't have a uniform policy. However, uniforms are still popular. Pupils at about 90 percent of British secondary schools wear uniforms.5. 【2019·北京卷】阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。AOn the first day of my first grade，I stood by the door with butterflies in my stomach. I______(voice)my biggest concern to my mother. “How will I make friends?” She handed me advice. “Be yourself.” For the past 20 years. I have lived by these words. Soon I will graduate and become part of the real world. Nervously______(face) challenges, I know I will whisper to______(I) the two simple words “Be yourself”.BEarth Day，______(mark)on 22 April，is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about environmental protection. First celebrated______1970，the Day now includes events in more than 190 countries and regions(地区). No matter what you like to do，there is a way to get involved in various______(activity) on Earth Day. You can plant a tree，make a meal with locally grown vegetables，or save power—the possibilities are endless.CDoes the name of the college you attend really matter？Research on the question______(suggest)that，for most students，it doesn't. What students do at college seems to matter much more than______they go. The students benefitting most from college are those______are totally engaged(参与)in academic life. taking full advantage of the college’s chances and resources(资源)，Students should have a proper attitude towards college before thinking about which college to attend, and it’s never too early to make necessary preparations for a healthy and______(meaning)college experience.语法填空2018年Cloze 1 2018全国卷Ⅰ，15分 话题：跑步带来多种健康益处 词数：174According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years______(long) than non-runners. You don’t have to run fast or for long______(see) the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of______(die) early by running.While running regularly can’t make you live forever, the review says it______(be) more effective at lengthening life______walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014______showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all______(cause).The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise... it’s probably running. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to______(strength) your leg muscles(肌肉），avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it’s always______(energy). If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give______a try.Cloze 2 2018全国卷II，15分 话题：调整农业结构 词数：184Diets have changed in China — and so too has its top crop. Since 2011, the country______(grow) more corn than rice. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over______past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent. A taste for meat is______(actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corn’s rise:The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice______(improve) water quality. Corn uses less water______rice and creates less fertilizer(化肥) runoff. This switch has decreased______(pollute) in the country’s major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total______(globe) fertilizer consumption. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005 — when the government______(start) a soil-testing program______gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers — and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. That prevented the emission(排放) of 51.8 million tons of carbon dioxide. China’s approach to protecting its environment while______(feed) its citizens "offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide," says the bank’s Juergen Voegele.Cloze 3 2018全国卷III，15分 话题：邂逅大猩猩 词数：184I’m not sure______is more frightened, me or the female gorilla(大猩猩) that suddenly appears out of nowhere. I’m walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic. Unexpectedly, I’m face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at______top of her lungs. That makes her baby scream, and then a 400-pound male appears. He screams the______(loud) of all. The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me. I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid______(look) directly into his eyes so he doesn’t feel______(challenge).、My name is Mireya Mayor. I’m a______(science)who studies animals such as apes and monkeys. I was searching______these three western lowland gorillas I’d been observing. No one had seen them for hours, and my colleagues and I were worried.When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find______(they) alive. True to a gorilla’s unaggressive nature, the huge animal______(mean) me no real harm. He was just saying: "I’m king of this forest, and here is your reminder!" Once his message was delivered, he allowed me______(stay) and watch.Cloze 4 2018浙江，15分 话题：享受做饭的乐趣 词数：191Few people I know seem to have much desire or time to cook. Making Chinese______（dish) is seen as especially troublesome. Many westerners______come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap______can be to eat out. I still remember______(visit) a friend who’d lived here for five years and I______（shock) when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time.While regularly eating out seems to______(become)common for many young people in recent years, it’s not without a cost. The obvious one is money; eating out once or twice a week may be______(afford) but doing this most days adds up. There could be an even______(high) cost on your health. Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in______(weigh) problems.If you are not going to suffer this problem, then I suggest that the next time you go to your mum’s home______dinner, get a few cooking tips from her. Cooking food can be fun. You might also begin to notice the effects not only on your health but in your pocket.2017年Cloze 1 2017全国卷Ⅰ，15分 话题：饮食与健康 词数：196阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community(医学界)______a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side______(effect) such as overweight and heart disease — the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required______(process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt______(remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something. As______result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even______(bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food______(be) full of fat and salt; by______(eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be______(care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both,______is not good for the health.Cloze 2 2017全国卷Ⅱ，15分 话题：地下客运铁路 词数：181阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people 〖STF5〗to avoid terrible______(crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and______work. It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method. This included digging up the road, ______ (lay) the track and then building a strong roof over______top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced.

What does the word “snowball” in Paragraph three most probably mean.第一次Why do smokers tend to weigh less than nonsmokers and gain weight when they give up the habit?Contrary to “common knowledge”, nonsmokers do not generally eat more than smokers, nor do they exercise less, studies find. Research performed on smokers at rest indicates that nicotine (尼古丁) itself can increase basal metabolic (新陈代谢的) rates, meaning smokers burn more energy than nonsmokers during periods of inactivity. But surveys suggest most smokers smoke not while completely at rest, but while performing light activities such as desk work that can increase metabolic rates by two or three times. Unless nicotine’s metabolic effects increase proportionally with metabolic rates, its influence on weight might be insignificant.Now a study shows that nicotine’s effects on body-fuel consumption indeed increase proportionally with increases in activity. “These results indicate that the metabolic effect of nicotine may play a greater part in accounting for body-weight differences between smokers and nonsmokers than was previously believed,” says Kenneth A. Perkins and his colleagues at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine.

So far, we have managed to overcome all the that have been placed in our path.A. obstaclesB. steersC. overviewsD. tuitions

Directions:Suppose the student union of your university is organizing an online discussion on college students doing community service . You are to write an essay on its benefits and the service you can provide to the community . You will have 30 minutes for the task . You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

An entire industry has been developed to provide educational DVDs designed for infants. These DVDs are marketed as able to facilitate the development of various cognitive (认知的) skills such as language. An academic journal recently published a study that focused on one product, the Baby Wordsworth, from the Walt Disney Company's Baby Einstein series. The study put the DVD to the test with a group of one- and two-year-olds. For six weeks, 88 children were randomly (随机地) assigned to either watching it a few times a week or not at all. Researchers then tested the language skills in each group based on how many words the children knew. At the end of the period, children in both groups understood about 20 of the 30 words highlighted in the DVD, on average. The researchers also asked parents about their children's television viewing before entering the study. The earlier a child started watching Baby Einstein DVDs, it turned out, the smaller his or her vocabulary was. The study's finding is in line with some earlier research, says Rebekah Richert, a researcher at the University of California, who led the study, but it is unclear if the DVDs themselves are responsible. "Parents who place their kids in front of the screen could be trying to remedy slow language development, or they could be using the DVDs as baby sitters, cutting back on social stimulation." "A lot of children seem to have these kinds of DVDs," Richert says. "My take-home message would be to encourage live interaction between parent and child." Although it is not well understood how watching television affects language, Richert and his colleagues wrote in their report, the American Academy of Pediatrics (儿科) recommends that children younger than two stay away from the screen. The Baby Einstein Company emphasized that it "does not claim educational outcomes." On its web page, it notes that its products "are not designed to make babies smarter but to engage them." The company notes that it disagrees with the recommendation from the American Academy of Pediatrics. "When used properly," the company writes, "appropriate video content can be a useful tool for parents and little ones to enjoy together."1. Researchers conducted the study with the Baby Wordsworth DVD in order to ________.A) examine the quality of the DVD from the Baby Einstein CompanyB) reveal the difference in language learning ability between babiesC) find out whether the Baby Wordsworth DVD can boost language skills D) find out how many words babies can learn from the DVD2. It can be inferred that the previous studies have suggested that ________.A) early exposure to DVDs can negatively impact language development B) watching baby videos can actually boost the children' language skillsC) baby videos are harmful to the cognitive learning of childrenD) DVDs of poor quality can not facilitate language development3. Which of the following is the possible reason given by Richert to explain the results of his study?A) Putting babies in front of educational DVDs kills their interest in language learning.B) Keeping kids watching DVDs reduces parents' verbal engagement with them. C) Children under two cannot concentrate on educational DVDs.D) Kids at an early age show no much difference in language learning.4. According to Richert, what is the most important thing for parents to do?A) Keeping infants away from the educational DVDs.B) Staying together with babies in front of the screen.C) Having more interaction with children in real life. D) Limiting the video watching time for young kids.5. What does the Baby Einstein Company say about its DVD products?A) They are helpful for the kids who have language delay.B) They are harmful to young kids without a proper use.C) They cannot help the language learning of young kids.D) They are not made to improve the intelligence of kids.

Taking photographs is strictly __________ here, as it may damage the precious cave paintings.A. forbiddenB. rejectedC. excludedD. denied

Many people wrongly believe that when people reach old age in the US, their families place them in nursing homes. They are left there in the hands of strangers for the rest of their lives. Their grown children visit them only occasionally, but more often, they do not have any regular visitors. The truth is that this idea is an unfortunate myth. In fact, family members provide over 80 percent of the care that elderly people need. Because Americans are living longer than ever, more psychologists (心理学家) and social workers have begun to study care-giving to improve the care of the elderly. They have found that all caregivers (照料者) share a common characteristic: All caregivers believe that they are the best persons for the job, for different reasons. One caregiver said that she had always been close to her mother. Another was the oldest child. Another was the youngest child. In other words, they all felt that they could do the job better than anyone else. When people care for elderly relatives, they often do not use available community services, such as adult daycare centers. If the caregivers are adult children, they are more likely to use such services, especially because they often have jobs and other responsibilities. In contrast, a spouse, usually the wife, is much less likely to use support services or to put the dependent person in a nursing home. The main reason for this difference was the fear of poverty. An ill, elderly person may live for years, and medical care and nursing homes are very expensive. An elderly couple's savings can disappear very quickly. The surviving spouse, usually the wife, can be left in poverty. As a result, she often tries to take care of her husband herself for as long as she can. Researchers have found that caring for the elderly can be a very positive experience. The elderly appreciated the care and attention they received. However, even when care-giving is satisfying, it is hard work. Experts on aging suggest that caregivers ask parents what they want before they become sick or dependent. Perhaps they prefer going into a nursing home and can select one in advance. On the other hand, they may want to live with their adult children.1. What can we learn from Paragraph 1?A) Most Americans spend their old lives lonely.B) Most Americans go to a nursing home at old age.C) Most American elders depend on family members for care. D) Most American elders hire strangers to take care of them.2. What characteristic do all caregivers have in common?A) They are always the oldest child in the family.B) They usually live nearest to the one who needs care.C) They are always emotionally closer to the one who needs care.D) They all believe that they are most qualified for care-giving. 3. A wife will most likely choose to take care of her husband herself mainly because ________.A) she considers it as her responsibilityB) she doesn't trust any community servicesC) she can't afford any support servicesD) she has to save money for her old age 4. What suggestion do experts on aging give to caregivers?A) They should prepare themselves to work hard.B) They should know what the elders really want early. C) They should consider caring as a rewarding experience.D) They should let parents choose their preferred nursing home.5. What is the best title for this passage?A) US Aging Problem.B) US Family Relations.C) Choosing a Nursing Home.D) Care-giving for the Elderly.

Translate the Chinese passage into English.Try to use the words and phrases from Passage A as many as possible. 延安位于陕西省北部，地处黄河中游，是中国革命的圣地（holy land）。毛泽东等老一辈革命家（revolutionary）曾在这里生活战斗了十三个春秋，领导了抗日战争（the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression）和解放战争（the Liberation War），培育了延安精神，为中国革命做出了巨大贡献。延安精神是我们党的宝贵精神财富。“我在延川生活期间，对延安精神有切身的感悟，当年每到一次延安，心里都充满崇敬和激动。”