Part ADirections: Read the following three texts. Answer the questions on each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.Researchers have established that when people are mentally engaged, biochemical changes occur in the brain that allow it to act more effectively in cognitive (认知的) areas such as attention and memory. This is true regardless of age. People will be alert and receptive if they are faced with information that gets them to think about things they are interested in, and someone with a history of doing more rather than less will go into old age more cognitively sound than someone who has not had an active mind. Many experts are so convinced of the benefits of challenging the brain that they are putting the theory to work in their own lives. "The idea is not necessarily to learn to memorize enormous mounts of information," says James Fozard, associate director of the National Institute on Aging. Most of us don"t need that kind of skill. Such specific training is of less interest than being able to maintain mental alertness. "Fozard and others say they challenge their brains with different mental skills, both because they enjoy them and because they are sure that their range of activities will help the way their brains work." Gene Cohen, acting director of the same institute, suggests that people in their old age should engage in mental and physical activities individually as well as groups. Cohen says that we are frequently advised to keep physically active as we age, but older people need to keep mentally active as well. Those who do are more likely to maintain their intellectual abilities and to be generally happier and better adjusted. "The point is, you need to do both," Cohen says, "intellectual activity actually influences brain-cell health and size."People who are cognitively healthy are thoseA．who are highly intelligentB．whose minds ate alert and receptiveC．who can remember large amounts of informationD．who are good at recognizing different sounds

阅读理解 (本题共计4小题,总分30分)1.(6分)Passage AThe landscapes of North AmericaThere are many beautiful landscapes that you can see in North America. Some are very famous national parks. You can hike, sightseeing, and enjoy the lovely view there.The Great Smoky Mountains National ParkIt is named for the smoke-like fog that hangs over the forest peaks. It is very pretty. One unique thing about the Great Smoky Mountains National Park is that for about two weeks out of the year, there are millions of synchronous fireflies (同步发光的萤火虫)! People can drive into the park and watch the natural light show the fireflies make! How wonderful!The Palenque National ParkMexico also has many wonderful national parks. The Palenque National Park is one of the most famous. It is a special park because the park has an ancient Maya city! You can hike through the city and see hundreds of beautiful old pyramids. They were built by Mexico’s Mayan Native Americans.The Banff National ParkIf you travel to Canada, you’ll want to visit the Banff National Park. There are many things to do in this big park. Here people hike the famous Rocky Mountains. In the summer, people explore the park on a bicycle! When you get tired of hiking or biking, you can relax in one of the hot springs in the park!The Big Bend National ParkThe Big Bend National Park is located in Southwestern Texas. It has both mountains and deserts. How special! It also shares a border with both the United States and Mexico. The park is called Big Bend because there is a large bend in the Rio Grande River. This beautiful river runs through the park. A fun thing you can do at this park is go on a guided horseback ride and camping trip.1. Where is a good place to see fireflies?A. The Great Smoky Mountains National Park. B. The Palenque National Park.C. The Big Bend National Park. D. The Banff National Park.2. What is the Palenque National Park famous for?A. The site of Maya civilization. B. The Rocky Mountains.C. Natural scenery. D. Hot springs.3. What was the Big Bend National Park named after?A. Its border with the USA and Mexico. B. A big turn in the river.C. A famous mountain. D. Its deserts’ shape.2.(8分)Passage BNo poem should ever be discussed or “analyzed”, until it has been read aloud by someone, teacher or student. Better still, perhaps, is the practice of reading it twice, once at the beginning of the discussion and once at the end, so the sound of the poem is the last thing one hears.All discussions of poetry are, in fact, preparations for reading it aloud, and the reading of the poem is, finally, the most telling(生动的)“interpretation” of it, suggesting tone, rhythm, and meaning all at once. Hearing a poet read the work in his or her own voice, on records or on film, is obviously a special reward. But even those aids to teaching can not replace the student and teacher reading it or, best of all, reciting it.I have come to think, in fact, that time spent reading a poem aloud is much more important than “analyzing” it, if there isn’t time for both. I think one of our goals as teachers of English is to have students love poetry. Poetry is “a criticism of life”, and “a heightening of life”.It also deserves a place in the teaching of language and literature more central than it presently occupies.I am not saying that every English teacher must teach poetry. Those who don’t like it should not be forced to put that dislike on anyone else. But those who do teach poetry must keep in mind a few things about its essential nature, about its sound as well as its sense, and they must make room in the classroom for hearing poetry as well as thinking about it.4. To have a better understanding of a poem, one should _____.A. discuss it with others B. analyze it by oneselfC. practice reading it aloud D. copy it down in a notebook5. According to the writer, one of the purposes of teaching English is to get students _____.A. to enjoy poetry B. to understand lifeC. to become teacher D. to become poets6.The underlined word "make room "( in the last paragraph)probably means ____.A. to build a booth B. to provide equipmentC. to set aside enough space D. to leave a certain amount of time7. What does the last sentence in the third paragraph imply?A.Poetry is more important than any other subject.B.More stress should be laid on the teaching of poetry.C.One cannot enjoy life fully without an understanding of poetry.D.Poetry is the foundation of all language and literature courses.3.(8分)Passage CFor millions of years, animals have communicated in countless ways — from giving off chemical signals, to performing complex dances. Humans, on the other hand, have the ability to communicate using language. However, scientists don't agree on when human language first appeared. Even if it's unclear exactly when it began, human language has developed greatly in the past century, branching off into three different types: natural, artificial, and formal language.Natural languages, also known as man-made languages, are languages that humans have developed simply out of the need to communicate with each other. Natural languages are the languages people speak, read, write, and listen to every day, such as English, Hindi, and Russian. The vocabulary and rules of these languages have developed naturally, without the influence of an author or creator modeling or changing the languages. In short, natural languages “just happen”.Artificial languages are also man-made, but they are constructed, or made, by humans who already use a natural language to communicate. The vocabulary and grammar of artificial languages don't develop naturally but are constructed by an author or creator. There're a number of reasons for constructing an artificial language. In some cases, it may be a scientific experiment in language; in other cases, it may be the creation of an artist. An artificial language may also be constructed to make communication easier between people of different nationalities. Perhaps the best example of this is Esperanto, an artificial language created in 1887 by L. L. Zamenhof that was basically meant to simplify communication between Europeans.Finally, formal languages are languages that communicate something, but they are not spoken languages like natural and artificial languages. However, like artificial languages, they are constructed. Formal languages are meant to be very precise (精确的) in what they communicate. An example of a common formal language is computer code. Computer code has its own set of very strict rules and serves only to “speak” to a computer — people cannot use it to communicate with others.8. What caused natural languages to develop?A. The creation of special writers. B. People's hope to record things.C. The influence of other languages. D. People's need to speak to each other.9. What do we know about artificial languages?A. They didn't appear until the 20th century.B. They are not used in daily communication.C. They have no vocabulary or grammar rules.D. They are created for some specific purposes.10. Why does the author mention Esperanto?A. To sing the praises of L. L. Zamenhof.B. To give an example of an artificial language.C. To suggest that it's still used by many Europeans.D. To explain how communication can be simplified.11. How are formal languages different from natural and artificial languages?A. People do not speak them. B. People cannot understand them.C. They are constructed by a creator. D. They are only used in computer science.4.(8分) Passage DEveryone talks about how social networking sites like Facebook have brought us together and allowed us to connect with friends 24 hours a day. To some people, however, this “connecting” is more complicated than it looks. Sometimes I’ll stare at that blank status (状况) update box for half an hour trying to think of what to type, and usually I just give up without typing anything.This strikes me as strange, considering that I’m a professional writer. Back in school, the other kids used to beg me for help with their English papers, so why am I suddenly the only one who can’t think of anything to say?Maybe I’m overthinking this. After all, other people’s status updates aren’t especially impressive or interesting, and nobody seems to mind. Sometimes, they don’t even make sense. “Sitting in Starbucks LOL?” Are you really sitting in a Starbucks, laughing out loud?It feels like I’m the only one who’s figured out that “social networking” is really just a big competition for attention, with success measured in the number of comments other people leave on your updates. There’s nothing wrong with competition, but some people have such a big advantage in this one that it’s not even fun to play. A pretty girl can type “Bought a new swimsuit today!” and get 35 comments in about six minutes. I’m just as interested in pretty girls’ swimsuits as the next guy, but come on. I didn’t get 35 comments when I announced that my first book was being published.It’s all so depressing.Being depressed would at least give me something to type, if not for the fact that depressing status updates are looked down upon. Social networking isn’t just about attention. It’s also about making other people think that you’re having more fun than they are. I’m starting to wonder how many status updates are even true. Did that person really just have “the best day ever” or just get back from “the best party ever,” or does he just want everyone to think he did? It would certainly be ironic (讽刺的) if a program designed to help us connect with friends has instead forced us to spend all our time lying to them.12. What does the author want to show when mentioning his experiences in school?A. He likes making friends. B. He misses his school days.C. He is really good at writing. D. He has a likeable personality.13. What does the author think of people’s status updates such as “Sitting in Starbucks LOL”?A. Interesting. B. Senseless. C. Successful. D. Depressing.14. Compared with the pretty girl’s status update, the author’s update _____.A. received less attention B. was much closer to the truthC. had a more competitive advantage D. showed he was less humorous than others15. What’s the author’s main purpose of writing this text?A. To describe people’s online behavior.B. To explain how to write a good status update.C. To stress the importance of social networking.D. To argue about the way people act on social networking sites.

Someday a stranger will read your e-mail without your permission or scan the Website you’ve visited，Or perhaps someone will casually glance through your credit card purchases or cell phone bills to find out your shopping preferences or calling habits.In fact, it’s likely some of these things have already happened to you. Who would watch you without your permission? It might be a spouse, a girl friend, a marketing company, a boss, a cop or a criminal. Whoever it is, they will see you in a way you never intended to be seen --- the 21st century equivalent of being caught naked.Psychologists tell us boundaries are healthy, that it's important to reveal yourself to friends, family and lovers in stages, at appropriate times.But few boundaries remain. The digital bread crumbs (碎屑) you leave everywhere make it easy for strangers to reconstruct who you are, where you are and what you like. In some cases, a simple Google search can reveal what you think. Like it or not, increasingly we live in a world where you simply cannot keep a secret.The key question is: Does that matter?For many Americans, the answer apparently is “no.”When opinion polls ask Americans about privacy, most say they are concerned about losing it. A survey found an overwhelming pessimism about privacy, with 60 percent of respondents saying they feel their privacy is “slipping away, and that bothers me.”But people say one thing and do another. Only a tiny fraction of Americans change any behaviors in an effort to preserve their privacy. Few people turn down a discount at tollbooths (收费站) to avoid using the EZ-Pass system that can track automobile movements. And few turn down supermarket loyalty cards. Privacy economist Alessandro Acauisti has run a series of tests that reveal people will surrender personal information like Social Security numbers just to get their hands on a pitiful 50-cents-off coupon (优惠卷).But privacy does matter - at least sometimes. It’s like health: When you have it, you don’t notice it. Only when it’s gone do you wish you’d done more to protect it.1.What does the author mean by saying “the 21st century equivalent of being caught naked” (Para. 2)?A. People tend to be more frank with each other in the information age.B. In the 21st century people try every means to look into others’ secrets.C. People's personal information is easily accessed without their knowledge.D. Criminals are easily caught on the spot with advanced technology.2.What would psychologists advise on the relationships between friends?A. Friends should open their hearts to each other.B. There should be a distance even between friends.C. Friends should always be faithful to each other.D. There should be fewer disputes between friends.3.Why does the author say “we live in a world where you simply cannot keep a secret” ( para. 3)?A. People leave traces around when using modern technology.B. Modern society has finally evolved into an open society.C. There are always people who are curious about others’ affairs.D.Many search engines profit by revealing people’s identities.4.What do most Americans do with regard to privacy protection?A. They change behaviors that might disclose their identity.B. They use various loyalty cards for business transactions.C. They talk a lot but hardly do anything about it.D. They rely most and more on electronic devices. 5.According to the passage, privacy is like health in that .A. people will make every effort to keep itB. its importance is rarely understoodC. it is something that can easily be lostD. people don’t cherish it until they lose it.

Part 3: 看中文,选出或补全正确的英文表达牢记使命missionvisionA. missionB. visionC. 不忘初心，牢记使命

Part 3: 看中文，选出或补全正确的英文表达____ free trade zonesA. testB. trialC. pilotD. experimental

15. Shenzhen is China’s first Special Economic ________.A. ZoneB. PortC. StationD. City

Part 4:看句子，选出高亮单词的中文释义The lieutenant was put in charge of aninfantry platoon.A. n.炮兵（部队）B. n.步兵（部队）C. n.(尤指旧时的)骑兵（部队）

Part 4: 看句子，选出高亮单词的中文释义The lieutenant was put in charge of aninfantry platoon.n. 步兵（部队）n. 炮兵（部队）n. 船队n. （尤指旧时的）骑兵（部队）

(阅读理解题) Section B A rapid means of long-distance transportation became a necessity for the United States as settlement spread ever farther west-ward. The early trains were impractical curiosities, and for a long time the railroad companies met with troublesome mechanical problems. The most serious ones were the construction of rails able to bear the road, and the development of a safe, effective stopping system. Once these were solved, the railroad was established as the best means of land transportation. By 1860 there were thousands of miles of railroads mountain ranges and reaching westward to the Mississippi. There were also regional southern and western lines.. The high point in railroad building came with the construction of the first transcontinental system. In 1860 Congress authorized two western railroad companies to build lines from Nebraska westward and from California eastward to a meeting point, so as to complete a transcontinental crossing linking the Atlantic seaboard with the Pacific. The Government helped the railroad generously with money and land. Actual work on this project began four years later. The Central Pacific Company, starting from California, used Chinese labor, while the Union Pacific employed crews of Irish laborers. The two groups worked at remarkable speed, each trying to cover a greater distance than the other. In 1869 they met at a place called Promontory in what is now the state of Utah. Many visitors came there for the great occasion. There were joyous celebrations all over the country, with parades and the ringing of church bells to honor the great achievement. The railroad was very important in encouraging westward movement. It aims to help build up industry and farming by moving raw materials and by distributing products rapidly to distant markets. In linking towns and people to one another it helped unify the United States. (1). (单选题) The major problems with America’s railroad system in the mid 19th century lay in ___(本题2.0分) A、 poor quality rails and unreliable stopping system B、 lack of financial support for development C、 limited railroad lines D、 lack of a transcontinental railroad (2). (单选题) The building of the first transcontinental system ___(本题2.0分) A、 brought about a rapid growth of industry and farming in the west B、 attracted many visitors to the construction sites C、 attracted laborers from Europe D、 encouraged people to travel all over the country (3). (单选题) The best title for this passage would be ___(本题2.0分) A、 Settlements Spread Westward B、 The Coast-to-Coast Railroad: A Vital Link C、 American Railroad History D、 The Importance of Railroads in the American Economy (4). (单选题) The construction of the transcontinental railroad took ___(本题2.0分) A、 9 years B、 7 years C、 4 years D、 3 years (5). (单选题) What most likely made people think about a transcontinental railroad?(本题2.0分) A、 The possibility of government support for such a task. B、 The need to explore Utah. C、 The need to connect the east coast with the west D、 The need to develop the railroad industry in the west

Part 1: 看单词，选出正确的中文释义A. n. (公司某一产品的) 商标B. n. 标签；签条；标记C. n. 标语，口号，广告语D. n. 品牌，(商品的)牌子