With the extension of democratic rights in the first half of the nineteenth century and the ensuing decline of the Federalist establishment, a new conception of education began to emerge. Education was no longer a confirmation of a pre-existing status, but an instrument in the acquisition of higher status. For a new generation of upwardly mobile students, the goal of education was not to prepare them to live comfortably in the world into which they had been born, but to teach them new virtues and skills that would propel them into a different and better world. Education became training; and the student was no longer the gentleman-in-waiting, but the journeyman apprentice for upward mobility. In the nineteenth century a college education began to be seen as a way to get ahead in the world. The founding of the land-grant colleges opened the doors of higher education to poor but aspiring boys from non-Anglo-Saxon, working-class and lower-middle-class backgrounds. The myth of the poor boy who worked his way through college to success drew millions of poor boys to the new campuses. And with this shift, education became more vocational, its object was the acquisition of practical skills and useful information. For the gentleman-in-waiting, virtue consisted above all in grace and style, in doing well what was appropriate to his position; education was merely a way of acquiring polish. And vice was manifested in gracelessness, awkwardness, in behaving inappropriately, discourteously, or ostentatiously. For the apprentice, however, virtue was evidenced in success through hard work. The requisite qualities of character were not grace or style, but drive, determination, and a sharp eye for opportunity. While casual liberality and even prodigality characterized the gentleman, frugality, thrift, and self-control came to distinguish the new apprentice. And while the gentleman did not aspire to a higher station because his station was already high, the apprentice was continually becoming, striving, struggling upward. Failure for the apprentice meant standing still, not rising.The difference between "gentleman-in-waiting" and "journeyman" is that (). A. education trained gentleman-in-waiting to climb higher ladders B. journeyman was ready to take whatever was given to him C. gentleman-in-waiting belonged to a fixed and high social class D. journeyman could do practically nothing without education
(2007广东,B) Do you want to live with a strong sense of peacefulness,happiness,goodness,and self-respect?The collection of happiness actions broadly categorized as “honor” help you create this life of good feelings. Here’s an example to show how honorable actions create happiness. Say a store clerk fails to charge us for an item. If we keep silent,and profit from the clerk’s mistake,we would drive home with a sense of sneaky excitement. Later we might tell our family or friends about our good fortune. On the other hand,if we tell the clerk about the uncharged item,the clerk would be grateful and thank us for our honesty. We would leave the store with a quiet sense of honor that we might never share with another soul. Then, what is it to do with our sense of happiness? In the first case, where we don’t tell the clerk,a couple of things would happen. Deep down inside we would know ourselves as a type of thief. In the process, we would lose some peace of mind and self-respect. We would also demonstrate that we cannot be trusted,since we advertise our dishonor by telling our family and friends. We damage our own reputations by telling others. In contrast,bringing the error to the clerk’s attention causes different things to happen. Immediately the clerk knows us to be honorable. Upon leaving the store, we feel honorable and our self-respect is increased. Whenever we take honorable action we gain the deep internal rewards of goodness and a sense of nobility. There is a beautiful positive cycle that is created by living a life of honorable actions. Honorable thoughts lead to honorable actions. Honorable actions lead us to a happier existence. And it’s easy to think and act honorably again when we’re happy. While the positive cycle can be difficult to start,once it’s started,it’s easy to continue. Keeping on doing good deeds brings us peace of mind,which is important for our happiness. 1. According to the passage,the positive action in the example contributes to our . A. self-respect B. financial rewards C. advertising ability D. friendly relationship 2. The author thinks that keeping silent about the uncharged item is equal to . A. lying B. stealing C. cheating D. advertising 3. The phrase“bringing the error to the clerk’s attention”(in Para. 5)means . A. telling the truth to the clerk B. offering advice to the clerk C. asking the clerk to be more attentive D. reminding the clerk of the charged item 4. How will we feel if we let the clerk know her mistake? A. We’ll be very excited. B. We’ll feel unfortunate. C. We’ll have a sense of honor. D. We’ll feel sorry for the clerk. 5. Which of the following can be the best title of this passage? A. How to Live Truthfully B. Importance of Peacefulness C. Ways of Gaining Self-respect D. Happiness through Honorable Actions
I.单项选择-|||-1.(2020·呼和浩特)Sophia waited for a reply,but-|||-__ came.-|||-A.either B.another-|||-C.neither D.none-|||-2.(2020·凉山)-All the volunteers were very tired,-|||-but __ of them had a rest.-|||--They were busy helping the firemen-|||-A.both B.neither-|||-C.all D.none-|||-3.(2020·武汉)-Although these were good students,-|||-__ of them had a score above 60.-|||--1can'+beieve'et'!-|||-A.none B.no one-|||-C.some D.all-|||-4.(2020·丹东) -Mum, where is dad?-|||--He __ the supermarket.-|||-A.was going to B.has gone to-|||-C.has been to D.is going to-|||-5.(2020·宜昌) -HON about the third season of-|||-documentary Aerial China (航拍中国)?-|||--Great,I __ it twice.-|||-A.watched B.watch-|||-C.will watch D.have watched
19. (2.0分) There () an exam this weekend, according to the schedule.A. is going to beB. will haveC. may beD. would be
One summer evening as I was cooking dinner，there was a knock at the door．I（36） ____ it and saw an old man．But his voice was pleasant as he said，"Good evening．I come to see if you have a（37） ____ for just one night．I came for a（n） （38） ____ this morning from the eastern part．And there's no bus till next morning．"He told me he'd been （39） ____ for a room but with no success．"I guess it's my face …I know it looks terrible，but my doctor says with a few more treatments…"he said．I told him we would （40） ____ him a bed，but to rest on the porch（走廊）．I went inside and prepared dinner．When we were （41） ____ ，I asked him if he would like to（42） ____ us．"No，thank you．I have plenty．"When I had finished the dinner，I went out to talk with （43） ____ ．It didn't take a long time to see that this old man had an oversized heart crowded into that tiny body．He told me he fished for a living to （44） ____ his daughter，her five children，and her husband，who was hopelessly disabled．At bedtime，we （45） ____ a bed in the children's room for him．On his next trip，（46） ____ a gift，he brought a big fish I had never seen．In the years he came to stay overnight with us，and there was （47） ____ a time he did not （48） ____ us some fish or vegetables from his garden．I knew our family will always be （49） ____ to have known him．From him we learned what it was to accept the （50） ____ without a complaint （抱怨）and the good with thanks． 36．A．felt B．opened C．repaired D．painted 37．A．room B．book C．bus D．castle 38．A．interview B．meeting C．show D．treatment 39．A．crying B．hunting C．studying D．choosing 40．A．offer B．borrow C．send D．sell 41．A．happy B．free C．busy D．ready 42．A．call B．visit C．join D．invite 43．A．her B．him C．them D．it 44．A．expect B．save C．support D．serve 45．A．put B．planted C．covered D．discovered 46．A．at B．in C．for D．as 47．A．always B．never C．ever D．even 48．A．bring B．water C．desert D．buy 49．A．beautiful B．thankful C．special D．silent 50．A．poor B．wounded C．ill D．bad．
小题1: We can know from the first paragraph that ______. A．the original aim of the NHS was to provide equal basic health care for everybody B．people didn’t have to pay for health care since the NHS was set up C．patients were charged for receiving health care before 1948 D．the NHS was an organization which gave free advice to villagers 小题2:What do we know about the NHS? A．It’s managed by the central government. B．Its cost is mainly paid for by the National Insurance contributions. C．It hires more people than any other unit in Europe. D．Fewer patients go to its hospitals than before because they spend less on health care. 小题3: All the following statements about GPs are true except that they ______. A．take care of the local people’s health B．often take part in competitions to see who is the best C．work under high pressure nowadays D．have more responsibilities than before 小题4:What does the underlined word “exempt” probably mean? A．suffering B．different C．prevented D．free 小题5:The biggest problem for the NHS is ______. A．many hospitals are too old to be used B．some services are in the charge of individuals C．more and more patients go to GPs for treatment D．there is not enough money for further reform
2.(2.0分) At no time during his speech ( ) that he would make another film soon.A. he mentionedB. he should mentionC. did he mentionD. should be mention
下面的短文有10处空白，每处空白后的括号内有一个词，请根据短文内容将其正确的形式填入文中，以恢复文章原貌，并将答案写在答题卡相应的位置上。The importance of public transportationA US Congressman once __1__ (proclaim) that, "There can be no doubt that the transportation sector is the most __2__ (critical) sector of our economy." I know __3__ (exact) what he means. In this day and age, access to transportation is considered a __4__ (necessary).Public transportation is __5__ (define) as a service that is available for use by the general public. It is a cheaper and environmentally __6__ (friend) alternative.It is not a transportation service that you can arrange __7__ (private) to suit your own __8__ (person) convenience since you have to consider other passengers who are making similar __9__ (arrange) with you. I have __10__ (experience) how important public transportation is.
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If you_________in a job for several years, you may be able to accumulate a lot of work experience and skills that would be beneficial to your future career development.A. have workedB. had workedC. have been workingD. had been working
选择合适的单词补全句子
拼写合适的单词补全句子(答案不区分大小写;单词提提示中一根小短线代表一个字母)Something that is inf- - - - - has no limit,end,or edge.
拼写合适的单词补全句子 ( 答案不区分大小写 ; 单词提示中一根小短线代表一个字母 ) A seq----- of events or things is a number of events or things that come one after another in a particular order.
选择合适的单词补全句子。-|||-I __ in the city.-|||-live lives
拼写合适的单词补全句子 ( 答案不区分大小写 ; 单词提示中根小短线代表一个 字母 ) A va---- is a space that contains no air or other gas.
The Harry Potter series, written by J.K. Rowling, is perhaps the most popular set of novels of the modern era. With seven books and many successful films to its name, the series has gathered about 15 billion dollars in sales. How did the series become so popular? The reason can be broken down into several areas.The first book in the series was rejected 12 times before it was picked up by Bloomsbury—a small publisher in England. So receiving this contract was Rowling's first step to success. However, getting a book contract does not ensure the success of a book. The story was soon loved by children and adults alike. In light of this, Bloomsbury Publishing published a second version of the books with “adult” (less colorful and more boring) book covers. This made it easier for a full range of ages to enjoy the series.Another factor that worked like a charm was that the publisher and Rowling herself, through the books, conducted midnight releases, promotions, and pre-ordering more readers. Customers who feared that their local bookstore would run out of copies responded by pre-ordering over 700,000 copies before the July 8, 2000 release.What does the underlined word “releases” (Para. 3) mean?A. The activity that frees or expresses energy or emotion.B. The announcement about the book’s publishing information.C. The sales of books that is available only at midnight.
一、拼写合适的单词补全句子（答案不区分大小写；单词提示中一根小短线代表一个字母） If someone is __ob---__ , they are extremely fat.
拼写合适的单词补全句子（答案不区分大小写；单词提示中一根小短线代表一个字母） Someone or something that is so---- is very serious rather than cheerful or humorous.
拼写合适的单词补全句子 ( 答案不区分大小写 ; 单词提示中一根小短线代表一个 字母 ) If there is a bo-- in the economy, there is an increase in economic activity.
拼写合适的单词补全句子 ( 答案不区分大小写 ; 单词提示中一根小短线代表一个 字母 ) To aut _ _ _ _ _ a factory , office , or industrial process means to put in machines which can do the work instead of people.
拼写合适的单词补全句子 ( 答案不区分大小写 ; 单词提示中一根小短线代表一个 字母 ) To enh ---- something means to improve its value, quality, or attractiveness.
These drugs are available over-the-counter without a(n)__________. （）A. infectionB. dosageC. prescription
Elder and weaker Mr. Mag paid_visits to his old friends.A. scarceB. rare()C. insufficientD. inadequate
ⅢComplete the following sentences with the given sentence structures-|||-get ready for.sa为························备-|||-e.g.Susan has to buy a lot of things to get ready for her trip.(苏珊不得不买很多东西为旅行做准备。)-|||-1 The boy got up early to __ (为上学做准备).-|||-2 I have a lot of work to do to __ (为明天做准备).
question or statement.Hot pot is a traditional dish in China. It is believed to date back more than 1,000 years to the time of the Jin Dynasty. Hot pot's origins can be found in the dining practices of Mongolian horsemen who rode across the steppe and into northern China. Legend has it that the Mongols used their helmets as pots to simmer (炖) broth (汤底) over open fires, and cooked chunks of meat in the broth.Hot pot cooking seems to have spread to northern China during the Tang Dynasty. In the regional variations developed with different ingredients such as seafood. In the centuries that witnessed the growth of the Song Dynasty, hot pot moved — and changed — further south, with each successive region adapting it to their local ingredients and tastes.The ingredients in a hot pot vary a lot from region to region. Perhaps the most famous hot pot is the Chongqing or Sichuan hot pot. It features a dark red broth chock-full (塞满了的) of spices, chili peppers, and the uniquely mouth-numbing Sichuan peppers. In Beijing and elsewhere in the north, hot pot broth tends to be mild and, compared to its racy southern "cousins", a little light. In the northeast of China, a kind of local sauerkraut (酸菜) is used to add some tang (强烈的味道), making the broth a bit sour. People can choose a version of hot pot according to their taste.1 Hot pot is believed to date back more than 1,000 years to the time of _______.A. the Jin Dynasty B. the Tang DynastyC. the Song Dynasty D. the Yuan Dynasty
The coming of the railways in the 1830s ________ our society and economic life.A. transferredB. transformedC. transportedD. transmitted
The increase in international business and in foreign investment has created a need for executives with knowledge of foreign languages and skills in cross-cultural communication. Americans, however, have not been well trained in either area and, consequently, have not enjoyed the same level of success in negotiation in an international arena as have their foreign counterparts. Negotiating is the process of communicating back and forth for the purpose of reaching an agreement. It involves persuasion and compromise, but in order to participate in either one, the negotiators must understand the ways in which people are persuaded and how compromise is reached within the culture of the negotiation. In many international business negotiations abroad, Americans are perceived as wealthy and impersonal. It often appears to the foreign negotiator that the American represents a large multi-million-dollar corporation that can afford to pay the price without bargaining further. The American negotiator’s role becomes that of an impersonal supplier of information and cash. In studies of American negotiators abroad, several traits have been identified that may serve to confirm this stereotypical perception, while undermining the negotiator’s position. Two traits in particular that cause cross-cultural misunderstanding are directness and impatience on the part of the American negotiator. Furthermore, American negotiators often insist on realizing short-term goals. Foreign negotiators, on the other hand, may value the relationship established between negotiators and may be willing to invest time in it for long-term benefits. In order to solidify the relationship, they may opt for indirect interactions without regard for the time involved in getting to know the other negotiator. Clearly, perceptions and differences in values affect the outcomes of negotiations and the success of negotiators. For Americans to play a more effective role in international business negotiations, they must put forth more effort to improve cross-cultural understanding. [共5题](1)What kind of manager is needed in present international business and foreign investment? [本题2分]A. The man who represents a large multi-million-dollar corporation. B. The man with knowledge of foreign languages and skills in cross-cultural communication. C. The man who is wealthy and impersonal. D. The man who can negotiate with his foreign counterparts.
6. The children will now play some pieces of music that they ______ themselves. A.were taught posed C.accomplished D.worked7. While she waited,she tried to ______ her mind with pleasant thoughts of the vacation. A.occupy pose C.think D.intensify8. In the film,the peaceful life of a monk ______ the violent life of a murderer. A.is compared with B.is compared to C.is contrasted to D.is contrasted with9. ______ to pay for an order is simplicity itself. A.Use plastic B.Using plastics C.Using plastic D.Used plastic10. Additional time is required for cooking or ______ homemade dishes. A.chill B.to chill C.chilled D.chilling