M: I heard there are a few seats left for the show tonight. W: Really? I was under the impression that they were sold out a long time ago. Q: What does the woman mean? 1 A She saw the show some time ago. B She was very impressed with the performances. C She left the show before it was over. D She didn't think there were any more tickets.

1.(10.0分)Doctors and nurses often have to__violent or drunken patients .A. coincide withB. contend withC. correlate withD. conform with

we have finished the course, we shall start doing more revision work.A. Now thatB. For nowC. Since thatD. By now

What should you think about trying to find your career？You are probably better at some school subjects than others.These may show strengths that you can use in your work.A boy who is good at mathematics can use that in an engineering career.A girl who spells well and likes English may be good at office work.So it is important to know the subjects you do well in at school.On the other hand，you may not have any specially strong or weak subjects but your records show a general satisfactory standard.Although not all subjects can be used directly in a job，they may have indirect value.A knowledge of history is not required for most jobs but if history is one of your good subjects you will have learned to remember facts and details.This is an ability that can be useful in many jobs. Your school may have taught you skills，such as typing or technical drawing，which you can use in your work.You may be good at metal work or cookery and look for a job where you can improve these skills. If you have had a part-time job on Saturdays or in the summer or winter holidays，think what you gained from it.If nothing else，you may have learned how to get to work on time，to follow instructions and to get on with older workers.You may have learned to give correct change in a shop，for example.Just as important，you may become interested in a particular industry or career you see from the inside in a part-time job. Facing your weak points is also part of knowing yourself.You may be all thumbs when you handle tools，perhaps you are a poor speller or cannot add up a column of figures.It is better to face any weaknesses than to pretend they do not exist.Your school record，for instance，may not be too good，yet it is an important part of your background.You should not be apologetic about it but instead recognize that you will have a chance of a fresh start at work. 1．Which of the following best sums up the first paragraph? A．The importance of doing well at school. B．Using school performance to help to choose a career. C．The importance of being good at all subjects. D．The indirect value of school work. 2．The writer thinks that for a student to have a part-time job is probably ________. A．a waste of time that could have been spent on study B．useful for his future work C．a good way to earn extra money D．a good way to find out his weak points 3．According to the passage，if a student’s school record is not good，he ________. A．will be a complete failure in his future work B．will not be able to find a suitable job C．will regret not having worked harder at school D．may do well in his future work 4．Which subject is supposed to have no direct value for job hunting? A．Mathematics. B．English. C．Technical Drawing. D．History. 5．The whole passage centers on ________. A．choosing a career according to what one is skilled in B．acquiring knowledge by working hard at school C．finding one’s strong and weak points D．developing one’s abilities useful in school work

Want to reduce your risk of skin cancer? Wear sun screen, of course. But two new studies suggest that choosing your relatives carefully could also be helpful. One found that having an identical (同卵的) twin with melanoma (黑色素瘤) increased a person's own risk of developing the disease much more than having a fraternal (异卵的) twin with this type of skin cancer. The other found that having a brother or sister, or a parent with one of several different types of non-melanoma skin cancer increased risk as well. Several studies have suggested melanoma and other skin cancers run in families, but it can be difficult to tell the difference between the influence of genes and environment. In the Australian study, Dr. Sri N. Shekar of the University of Queensland and his colleagues attempted to do so by looking at twin pairs in which at least one brother or sister had been diagnosed with melanoma. They searched through thousands of cases of melanoma reported in Queensland and New South Wales and found 125 twin pairs. In four of the 27 identical twin pairs, both had melanoma, while three of the 98 fraternal twin pairs had both been diagnosed with the deadly skin cancer. Based on these numbers, having an identical twin with melanoma increased a person's own risk of the disease nearly 10-fold. This suggests, the researchers say, that some of the increased melanoma risk can be attributed to genes, in particular interactions between genes. They estimate that genes account for about half of the differences in risk between two people. In the second study, Dr. Shehnaz K. Hussain of the University of California and colleagues looked at the Swedish Family-Cancer Database to estimate the risk for several types of skin cancer among brothers or sisters and children of people diagnosed with these diseases. They found that people with a brother or sister, or a parent diagnosed with some types of skin cancer were more likely to develop skin cancers of various types, not just the ones their relatives had. When tumors occurred at parts of the body more likely to have been exposed to the sun, the family risk was stronger.1. Based on the statistics in Para. 4, it can be inferred that ________.A) skin cancer can be infectious among family membersB) most people who have twin brothers or sisters will have a certain type of skin cancerC) people having twin brothers are more likely to have skin cancer than those who have twin sistersD) people having identical twin brothers or sisters are more likely to have skin cancer than those who have none 2. According to the passage, deadly skin cancer is caused by ________.A) gene B) environmentC) exposure to the sunD) identical twins with melanoma3. In the second study, Dr. Hussain found ________.A) that different types of skin cancer are mainly due to the environmentB) that family members could develop more than one type of skin cancer C) that exposure to the sun is beneficial to skin cancer preventionD) that family members tend to develop the same type of skin cancer4. It can be inferred from the passage that ________.A) the research by Dr. Hussain goes against Dr. Shekar's findingsB) parents who have identical twins are most likely to be victims of skin cancerC) Australia has the richest database of twins family in the worldD) interaction between genes may partially account for developing skin cancer 5. What is the main idea of the passage?A) Melanoma is a type of deadly skin cancer.B) Researchers found that skin cancer can be inherited. C) Both environment and genes cause the risk of skin cancer.D) Australian scientists made a breakthrough in the treatment of skin cancer.

The Street-Level Solution A) When I was growing up, one of my father’s favorite sayings (borrowed from the humorist Will Rogers) was: “It isn’t what we don’t know that causes the trouble: it’s what we think we know that just ain’t so.” One of the main insights to be taken from the 100 000 Homes Campaign and its strategy to end chronic homelessness is that, until recently, our society thought it understood the nature of homelessness, but it didn’t. B) That led to a series of mistaken assumptions about why people become homeless and what they need. Many of the errors in our homelessness policies have stemmed from the conception that the homeless are a homogeneous group. It’s only in the past 15 years that organizations like Common Ground, and others, have taken a street-level view of the problem―distinguishing the “ episodically homeless” from the “chronically homeless” in order to understand their needs at an individual level. This is why we can now envisage a different approach and get better results. C) Most readers expressed support for the effort, although a number were skeptical, and a few utterly dismissive, about the chances of long-term homeless people adapting well to housing. This is to be expected; it’s hard to imagine what we haven’t yet seen. As Niccolo Machiavelli wrote in The Prince, one of the major obstacles in any effort to advance systemic change is the “incredulity of men,” which is to say that people “do not readily believe in new things until they have had a long experience of them.” Most of us have witnessed homeless people on the streets for decades. Few have seen formerly homeless people after they have been housed successfully. We don’t have reference points for that story. So we generalize from what we know or think we know. D) But that can be misleading, even to experts. When I asked Rosanne Haggerty, founder of Common Ground, which currently operates 2310 units of supportive housing (with 552 more under construction), what had been her biggest surprise in this work, she replied: “ Fifteen years ago, I would not have believed that people who had been so broken and stuck in homelessness could thrive to the degree that they do in our buildings. ” And Becky Kanis, the campaign’s director, commented: “There is this sense in our minds that someone who’s on the streets is almost in their DNA different from someone who has a house. The campaign is creating a first-hand experience for many people that that is really not the case. ” E) One of the startling realizations that I had while researching this column is that anybody could become like a homeless person―all it takes is a traumatic（创伤的）brain injury. A bicycle fall, a car accident, a slip on the ice, or if you’re a soldier, a head wound―and your life could become unrecognizable. James O’ Connell, a doctor who has been treating the most vulnerable homeless people on the streets of Boston for 25 years, estimates that 40 percent of the long-term homeless people he’s met had such a brain injury. “For many it was a head injury prior to the time they became homeless.” he said. “They became unpredictable. They’d have mood swings, fits of explosive behavior. They couldn’t hold onto their jobs. Drinking made them feel better. They’d end up on the streets. ” F) Once homeless people return to housing, they’re in a much better position to rebuild their lives. But it’s important to note that housing alone is not enough. As with many complex social problems, when you get through the initial crisis, you have another problem to solve which is no less challenging. But it is a better problem. G) Over the past decade. O’Connell has seen this happen. “I spend half my time on the streets or in the hospital and the other half making house calls to people who lived for years on the streets.” he said. "So from a doctor’s point of view it’s a delightful switch, but it’s not as if putting someone in housing is the answer to addressing all of their problems. It’s the first step.” H) Once in housing, formerly homeless people can become isolated and lonely. If they’ve lived on the streets for years, they may have acquired a certain standing as well as a sense of pride in their survival skills. Now indoors, those aspects of their identity may be stripped away. Many also experience a profound disorientation at the outset. “If you’re homeless for more than six months, you kind of lose your bearings,” says Haggerty. "Existence becomes not about overcoming homelessness but about finding food, begging, looking for a job to survive another day. The whole process of how you define stability gets reordered.” I) Many need regular, if not continuous, support with mental health problems, addictions and illnesses-and, equally important, assistance in the day-to-day challenges of life, reacquainting with family, building relationships with neighbors, finding enjoyable activities or work, managing finances, and learning how to eat healthy food. J) For some people, the best solution is to live in a communal（集体）residence, with special services. This isn’t available everywhere, however. In Boston, for example- homeless people tend to be scattered in apartments throughout the city. K) Common Ground’s large residences in New York offer insight into the possibilities for change when homeless people have a rich array of supports. In addition to more traditional social services, residents also make use of communal gardens, classes in things like cooking, yoga, theatre and photography, and job placement. Last year, 188 formerly homeless tenants in four of Common Ground’s residences, found jobs. L) Because the properties have many services and are well-managed. Haggerty has found posthousing problems to be surprisingly rare. In the past 10 years, there have been only a handful of incidents of quarrels between tenants. There is very little graffiti（涂鸦）or vandalism（破坏）. And the turnover is almost negligible. In the Prince George Hotel in New York, which is home to 208 formerly homeless people and 208 low-income tenants, the average length of tenancy is close to seven years. (All residents pay 30 percent of their income for rent; for the formerly homeless, this comes out of their government benefits.) When people move on, it is usually because they’ve found a preferable apartment. M) “Tenants also want to participate in shaping the public areas of the buildings,” said Haggerty. “They formed a gardening committee. They want a terrace on the roof. Those are things I didn’t count on.” The most common tenant demand “People always want more storage space-but that’s true of every New Yorker,” she adds. “In many ways, we’re a lot like a normal apartment building. Our tenants look like anyone else.” N) As I mentioned, homelessness is a catch-all for a variety of problems. A number of readers asked whether the campaign will address family homelessness, which has different causes and requires a different solution. I’ve been following some of the promising ideas emerging to address and prevent family homelessness. Late in 2011, I’ll explore these ideas in a column. For now, I’ll conclude with an update on the 100000 Homes Campaign. Since Tuesday, New Orleans and a few other communities have reported new results. The current count of people housed is 7043.Tenants in Common Ground’s residences all want more room for storage.

一、 单选题（共15题，30.0分）8. (单选题，2.0分)Along life's way you____ up little techniques that help you control your own way and become strong-willed. (2.0)A. pickB. bringC. putD. pack

(2019全国卷I)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88°,there is evidence _61__ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been _62__ (poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide.Modem methods_63__ tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive _64__ (perform) consistently over a large area. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunayut _65_ (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a _66_ (believe) that populations are increasing. Scientists have responded by _67_ (note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are_68_ (high) than they actually are. Of _69_ nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six _70__ (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.Later, engineers ____68___(manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道）, which became known to thetube. This development was only possible with the ___69___ (introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts. The central London Railway was one of the most ___70___(success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public.6.（2017全国Ⅲ）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。She looks like any other schoolgirl, fresh-faced and full of life. Sarah Thomas is looking forward to challenge of her new A-level course .But unlike school friends ,16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term______(rest). Instead, she is earning 6500 a day as______model in New York.Sarah______(tell) that she could be Britain’s new supermodel earning a million dollars in the new year. Her father Peter44,wantsher to give up school to model fulltime But Sarah,______has taken part in shows along with top models wants______(prove) that she has brains as well as beauty. She is determined to carry on with her______(educate).She has turned down several______(invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies After school she plans to take a year off to model full time before going to university to get a degree______engineering or architecture.Sarah says, "My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school______(come) first. I don't want to get too absorbed in modeling. It is______(certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. I don't want to have nothing else to fall back on when I can't model my more."7.（2016全国Ⅰ）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asia’s biggest building, and fancy new hotels. But for tourists like me, pandas are its top______(attract).So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research, I______（allow）to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre. From tomorrow, I will be their UK ambassador. The title will be __63______(official) given to me at a ceremony in London. But my connection with pandas goes back ______ my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, ______I was the first Western TV reporter______ (permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. My ambassadorial duties will include ______(introduce) British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.On myrecent visit, I help a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by______(it) mother. The nursery team switches him every few ______( day) with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed, ______ other is with mum-she never suspects.8.（2016全国卷Ⅱ）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify（识别）those of______(great) and less importance. Then, handle the most important tasks first so you'll feel a real sense of______(achieve). Leaving the less important things until tomorrow______(be) often acceptable.Most of us are more focused______our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day. So get an early start and try to be as productive______possible before lunch. This will give you the confidence you need to get you through the afternoon and go home feeling accomplished.Recent______(study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks______(regular). Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for______while, exercising, or doing something you enjoy.If you find something you love doing outside of the office, you'll be less likely______(bring) your work home. It could be anything, gardening, cooking, music, sports—but whatever it is,______(make )sure it's a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.9.（2016全国卷Ⅲ）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。In much of Asia, especially the so-called “rice bowl” cultures of China, Japan, Korea,______Vietnam, food is usually eaten with chopsticks.Chopsticks are usually two long, thin pieces of wood or bamboo. They can also be made of plastic, animal bone or metal. Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic. Truly elegant chopsticks might______(make)of gold and silver with Chinese characters. Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal______(create)special designs.The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years. People probably cooked their food in large pots,______(use) twigs(树枝) to remove it. Over time,______the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly. Food in smallpieces could be eaten easily with twigs which______(gradual)turned into chopsticks.Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius,______lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C., influenced the______(develop) of chopsticks. Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and______(be) too violent for use at the table.Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia. In India, for example, most people traditionally eat______0______their hands.10.（2015全国Ⅰ）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。将答案填写在答题卡的相应位置。Yangshuo, ChinaIt was raining lightly when I______(arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn. But I didn’t care. A few hours______, I’d been at home in Hong Kong, with______(it) choking smog. Here, the air was clean and fresh, even with the rain.I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River______are pictured by artists in so many Chinese______(painting). Instead, I’d headed straight for Yangshuo. For those who fly to Guilin, it’s only an hour away______car and offers all the scenery of the better-known city.Yangshuo______(be) really beautiful. A study of travelers______(conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world. And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia. Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it______(regular) arranges quick getaways here for people______(live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.11.（2015全国卷Ⅱ）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。The adobe dwellings (土坯房)______（build）by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even______most modern of architects and engineers. In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their______(able) to “air condition” a house without______( use) electric equipment. Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat______( slow) during cool nights, thus warming the house. When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough______(cool) the house during the hot day;______the same time, they warm up again for the night. This cycle______(go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset(抵消) for the outside temperatures. As______(nature) architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly______thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.12.（2014全国卷Ⅰ）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix?In 1969,the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River Cleveland, Ohio. It__61____（be）unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up. The river was so polluted that it ____62____(actual)caught fire and burned. Now, ears later, this river is one of _63___most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.But the river wasn’t changed in a few days __64____even a few months. It took years of work__65______(reduce ) the industrial pollution and clean the water. Finally, that hard work paidoff and now the water in the river is___66_____(clean) than ever.Maybe you are facing an impossible situation. Maybe you leave a habit __67___is driving your family crazy. Possibly you drink too much or don’t know how to control your credit card use. When you face such an impossible situation ,don’t you want a quick fix and something to change immediately?While there are ___68_______(amaze) stories of instant transformation, for most of us the___69_______(change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river. Just be______(patience)13.（2014全国Ⅱ）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about __41___ (be) late for school.There were many people waiting at the bus stop, ___42____ some of them looked very anxious and ___43__(disappoint) . when the bus finally came, we all hurried on board. I got a place next ____44___ the window, so I had a good view of the sidewalk. A boy on a bike ____45___ (catch ) my attention. He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms. I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but he refused ____46___(stop) until we reached the next stop. Still, the boy kept ____47___(ride). He was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting. Finally, when we came to the next stop, the boy ran up the door of the bus. I heard an excited conversation. Then the driver stood up and asked,“____48___ anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop?” A woman on the bus shouted, “Oh, dear! It ‘s ____49___ (I )”. She pushed her way to the driver and took the suitcase thankfully. Five others on the bus began talking about what the boy had done and the crowd of strangers______(sudden) became friendly to one another..

China is projected to become the world's largest economy in 2025, about the time current kindergartners would be graduating from college. The recent financial crisis demonstrates the degree to which America is dependent on China. Increasing the number of Americans who demonstrate a functional proficiency in Chinese is nothing short of urgent. This means not just learning to chat and sing songs in Mandarin (普通话), but truly learning to communicate effectively on professional and academic topics. Although Mandarin is the most widely spoken language in the world, there are very few Americans who achieve any real competence (能力) in it. Indeed, more than 200 million children in China are learning English, a required subject in primary school. Yet only 24,000 out of 54 million elementary and secondary school children in the US are learning Chinese. What this says is that while children in China are learning how to communicate with us, few of our children are learning how to communicate with them. The United States government sees a great need for Americans to learn Mandarin Chinese. Due to the growing financial and political importance of China, the US government included Mandarin on a short-list of "critical-need" foreign languages that it's encouraging more Americans to learn. In fact, the National Security Language Initiative provided 24 million for Department of Education. The goal is not to create more people who know "conversational" Mandarin. The goal is to start language learning at a younger age and greatly increase the number of Americans who master these languages. It doesn't matter what our children grow up to be, it is likely that they will be interacting with China increasingly during their lives. It is our responsibility to prepare our children to succeed in the world they will live in. That world is small, and getting smaller. It is urgent that we start today to give our children the skills they will need when they are grown and on their own. Let's not just give our children the world. Let's give them the opportunity to thrive in it!1. What does "nothing short of urgent" (Para 1) mean according to the passage?A) Extremely important. B) Not urgent.C) Unimportant.D) Proficient.2. What is the author's nationality?A) Chinese.B) British.C) Canadian.D) American. 3. What measure does the US government take when realizing that China is becoming increasingly influential in the world?A) Put Chinese on a list of foreign languages that Americans are encouraged to learn. B) Strengthen their communication with China both financially and politically.C) Start Chinese course in elementary and secondary schools in the US.D) Increase the number of Americans who master the Chinese language.4. What is the purpose of the National Security Language Initiative by investing a large amount of money in education?A) To produce more people who can communicate on daily topics in Chinese.B) To create more people who master some desperately needed languages. C) To offer the young people an opportunity to learn languages.D) To prepare the children for the future world they will live in.5. What does the author consider important in children's education?A) To equip them with needed skills. B) To tell them what they'll do in the future.C) To let them know how to become successful.D) To prepare a good future world for them.

(10.0分)When we take___in our job,we will become workers .A. livelihoodB. precisionC. revenueD. pleasure