Passage SixFor decades, biobanking has been held up as an essential research tool. While few doubt the scientific valueof having catalogues of well-characterized tissues, cells, and other samples, these research platforms have also generated a significant amount of legal and moral controversy, especially in the context of consent and the control of research samples.Throughout the world, billions of public and private dollars have been invested in biobanks and millions of individuals have been asked to donate biological material and personal information. But, at the same time, there remains deep uncertainty about fundamental legal and moral norms.Legal scholars have argued that the most commonly used form of consent-that is, broad or open consent-does not adhere to relevant legal norms, which would seem to require a more comprehensive and specific approach to the consent process. Because the details of future work cannot be known, this approach means providing research participants with far less information than is traditionally disclosed(披露)in the case of specific consent.It is true that many studies have consistently found that, for the most part, the public supports biobanking initiatives and trusts the research community. But that support and trust are fragile. There are many social forces, such as the increasing involvement of industry in biobanking initiatives, which could erode public confidence. In addition, there are a number of social trends that may heighten public interest in the control of human biological material. Research ethics controversies can have a profound erect on public perceptions and consent policy.An emerging interest in biorights, though not widespread, could also challenge the existing approaches of biobanking. Indeed, areas such as genetics(遗传学)and stem cell research receive a great deal of positive coverage in the popular press, including reference to the economic potential of the work.Within the scientific community it has become widely accepted that biobanks are an indispensable research tool, essential for picking out complex gene-environment interactions. There is little doubt that biobanking is here to stay. But we need to recognize that despite decades of academic debate, fundamental legal and moral challenges remain.(1) (单选题)As to biobanking, what do people doubt about?A. The permission and control of samples.B. The donation of biological material.C. The scientific value of research samples.D. The elementary legal and moral standards.(2) (单选题)What is one of the disadvantages of broad consent comparing to specific consent?A. It follows more approaches.B. It requires more participants.C. It reveals less information.D. It conforms to fewer legal norms.(3) (单选题)The word “fragile”(Line 2, Para. 4)most probably means______.A. delicateB. illogicalC. persistentD. damaged(4) (单选题)What can be inferred from the passage?A. The future of biobanking seems to be bright and promising.B. Stem cell research has become the focus of biobanking research.C. People have shifted their interest to biorights instead of research.D. The economic potential of biobanking research should be emphasized.(5) (单选题)What dies the author think of biobanking?A. It is a vital research tool that researchers cannot do without.B. Despite its significance, some problems still need to be solved.C. It explores the functions of human genes and environment.D. The controversy about biobanking will continue for a long time.

单选题（共20题，40.0分） 题型说明：Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. 1. (2.0分) She is too ___ in speaking and sometimes she may offend others.A. understandingB. straightforwardC. warm-heartedD. double-dealing

Your Health and 5 G The fifth generation technology of cellular data or 5 G，promises to bring lightning-fast data connection speeds.Much faster than Internet connections currently offered in many homes.（1） ____ However，not everyone is excited about 5 G service. （2） ____ There are even protests aimed at slowing down or even stopping companies from installing the equipment necessary for 5 G service.Why are people so worried？ To understand the possible health risks of 5 G，it is important to understand how the new service sets apart from existing 3 G and 4 G.（3） ____ 5 G uses a different part of the electromagnetic spectrum.The signals have short wavelengths measured in millimeters called millimeter waves.Millimeter waves are perfect for high-speed data but small transmitters and antennas must put up everywhere to ensure good connections.This presents a cause for concern. 5 G service means new transmitters and antennas everywhere.Certainly，it will mean that the amount of electromagnetic radiation that people are exposed to will increase.Radiation exposure sounds dangerous，but it all depends on the type of radiation，the strength and the amount of time that people are exposed to.Sunlight is a type of radiation，and exposure for too long can cause a sunburn.（4） ____ Many studies have been done to explore whether low-level exposure to radio waves，microwaves，or millimeter waves has negative health effects.So far，there is no conclusive evidence.（5） ____ However，scientists will continue to study the long-term effects of exposure to electromagnetic radiation.A.It's important to consider risks when using 5 G.B.Will this new technology bring new health risks？C.The main difference is the new frequency of the signals to transmit data.D.High-speed service has the potential to revolutionize many technologies.E.Repeated exposure over time can also lead to the likeliness of skin cancer.F.As long as producers follow safety regulations，5 G should not cause a health risk.G.Some people worry that the technology behind 5 G might present serious health risks.

In 2015, two Italian companies, ___ on the construction of a similar type of spacecraft, which was the first coffee machine designed for use in space.A. collectedB. comprisedC. combinedD. collaborated

3.[判断题]The farming tool, si, was used mainly for soil preparation before sowing.A. 对B. 错

We had no trouble finding your house because your ____________ (direct) were definite(清楚的).

阅读理解 (本题共计4小题,总分30分)1.(6分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D中选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AWelcome to Adventureland!Everyone loves Adventureland! The Parks and Exhibitions were built for you to explore (探索), enjoy, and admire their wonders. Every visit will be an unforgettable experience. You will go away enriched, longing to come back. What are you going to do this time?The Travel PavillonExplore places you have never been to before, and experience different ways of life.Visit the Amazon jungle (丛林) village, the Turkish market, the Tai floating market, the Berber mountain house and others. Talk to the people there who will tell you about their lives, and things they make. You can try making a carpet, making nets, fishing…The Future TowerThis exhibition shows how progress will touch our lives. It allows us to look into the future and explore the cities of the next century and the way we'll be living then. Spend some time in our space station and climb into our simulator (模拟装置) for the Journey to Mars!The Nature ParkThis is not really one park but several.In the Safari Park you can drive among African animals in one of our Range Cruisers: see lions, giraffes, elephants in the wild. Move on to the Ocean Park to watch the dolphins and whales. And then there is still the Aviary to see…The PyramidThis is the center of Adventureland. Run out of film, need some postcards and stamps? For all these things and many more, visit our underground shopping center. Come here for information and ideas too.21.The Travel Pavilion is built to help visitors _____.A. realize the importance of travellingB. become familiar with mountain countriesC. learn how to make things such as fishing netsD. learn something about different places in the world22. If you are interested in knowing about what people's life will be, you may visit _____.A. the Travel Pavilion B. the Future TowerC. the Safari Park D. the Pyramid23. If you want to get a toy lion to take home, where will you most likely go?A. The Pyramid. B. The Nature Park.C. The Future Tower. D. The Travel Parvilion.2.(8分)BAt a daycare center in Texas, children were playing outside. One of the children was Jessica Mc Clure. She was 18 months old. Her mother, who worked at the daycare center, was watching the children. Suddenly Jessica fell and disappeared. Jessica’s mother screamed and ran to her.A well was in the yard of the center. The well was only eight inches across and a rock always covered it. But children had moved the rock. When Jessica fell, she fell right into the well.Jessica’s mother reached inside the well, but she couldn’t feel Jessica. She dialed 911 for help. Men from the fire department arrived. They discovered that Jessica was about 20 feet down in the well. For the next hour the men talked and planned Jessica’s rescue.“We can’t go down into the well,” they said.“It’s too narrow. So, we’re going to drill a hole next to the well. Then we’ll drill a tunnel across to Jessica. When we reach her, we’ll bring her through the tunnel and up through our hole.”The men began to drill the hole at 11 a.m. on Wednesday, October 14, 1987. The men had a difficult job; they were drilling through solid rock. During her days in the well, Jessica sometimes asked for her mother. Sometimes she slept, sometimes she cried and sometimes she sang.All over the world, people waited for news of Jessica. Everyone worried about her.At 8 p.m. on Friday, October 16, men reached Jessica and brought her up from the well. She was soon sent to hospital. Jessica was dirty, hungry, thirsty and tired. Her feet and forehead were badly injured. But Jessica was alive.After Jessica’s rescue, one of the rescuers made a metal cover for the well, saying,“To Jessica, with love from all of us.”24. What is the mother’s reaction when the accident happened?A. She was so worried that she didn’t know what to do.B. She called the police for help immediately.C. She shouted and rushed to help her child quickly.D. She asked her colleagues for help.25. All of the following statements are true except _____ according to the passage.A. Children had moved the rock before Jessica fell into the well.B. Men from the fire department saved Jessica.C. Jessica was too frightened to say a word when she was in the well.D. Jessica was alive although she was injured.26. Jessica stayed in the well at least _____.A. 47 hours B. 48 hours C. 57 hours D. 58 hours27. What may be the best title for the passage?A. 911’s Work B. American ChildC. Everybody’s Baby-- Jessica D. Mother’s Mistake3.(8分)CIf you like texting and are trying to lose weight, a new study found that using texting to track(追踪) diet and exercise habits may help you lose weight.Previous research has shown that keeping food and exercise diaries improves the likelihood of success when you are trying to lose weight. Using a computer or a pen and paper to record information, however, can be a burden and cause some people to give up.Duke University researchers said using text messages to track eating and exercise habits can save time, and increase the chances that people will stick with their weight-loss rules.The study included 26 obese women with an average age of 38. The women used daily texting as part of their weight-loss program. The text messages focused on tracking personalized goals, such as avoiding sugary drinks or walking 10,000 steps a day. Messages also provided brief feedback (回复) and tips.Every morning, the women received a text from an automated(自动的)system that said, “Please text yesterday’s personal information of steps you walked and how many sugary drinks you had.” Based on the women's responses to the text message, the system sent another text with personalized feedback and tips.After six months, the women who used daily texting lost an average of nearly 3 pounds, while another group of women who used traditional methods to keep food and exercise diaries gained an average of 2.5 pounds, according to the study, which was published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research.“Text messaging has become popular and may be an effective method to simplify tracking of diet and exercise behavior,” Dori Steinberg, who was responsible for this research, said.Steinberg said, "Text messaging offers several advantages compared to other self-monitoring methods. Unlike web-based diet and exercise diaries, data in a text message can be entered quickly on nearly all cellphone platforms so it is very convenient to receive feedback. Besides, because of the limited number of words used in text messages, it saves time.”28. According to the study, traditional methods _________.A. are easier for people to lose weightB. may cause people to give up losing weightC. provide brief feedback and tipsD. are easy to track diet and exercise behavior29. Which is NOT true about text messaging according to Steinberg?A. It saves time.B. It saves money.C. It can be entered quickly.D. It is easy to receive feedback.30. What’s the best title for the text?A. Texting helps keep healthyB. Texting saves time and moneyC. Texting can help you lose weightD. Texting provides brief feedback and tips31. What’s Dori Steinberg’s attitude towards text messaging?A. Unknown. B. Negative. C. Positive. D. Unconcerned.4.(8分)DThe kids in this village wear dirty, ragged clothes. They sleep beside cows and sheep in huts made of sticks and mud. They have no school. Yet they all can chant the English alphabet, and some can make words.The key to their success: 20 tablet computers(平板电脑) dropped off in their Ethiopian village in February by a U.S. group called One Laptop Per Child.The goal is to find out whether kids using today’s new technology can teach themselves to read in places where no schools or teachers exist. The Massachusetts Institute of Technology researchers analyzing(分析) the project data say they’re already amazed. “What I think has already happened is that the kids have already learned more than they would have in one year of kindergarten,” said Matt Keller, who runs the Ethiopia program.The fastest learner—and the first to turn on one of the tablets—is 8-year-old Kelbesa Negusse.The device’s camera was disabled to save memory, yet within weeks Kelbesa had figured out its workings and made the camera work. He called himself a lion, a marker of accomplishment in Ethiopia.With his tablet, Kelbasa rearranged the letters HSROE into one of the many English animal names he knows. Then he spelled words on his own. “Seven months ago he didn’t know any English. That’s unbelievable,” said Keller.The project aims to get kids to a stage called “deep reading,” where they can read to learn. It won’t be in Amharic, Ethiopia’s first language, but in English, which is widely seen as the ticket to higher paying jobs.32. How does the Ethiopia program benefit the kids in the village?A. It trains teachers for them.B. It contributes to their self-study.C. It helps raise their living standards.D. It provides money for building schools.33. What can we infer from Keller’s words in Paragraph 3?A. They need more time to analyze data.B. More children are needed for the research.C. He is confident about the future of the project.D. The research should be carried out in kindergartens.34. It amazed Keller that with the tablet Kelbesa could _______.A. learn English words quickly.B. draw pictures of animals.C. write letters to researchers.D. make phone calls to his friends.35. What is the aim of the project?A. To offer Ethiopians higher paying jobs.B. To make Amharic widely used in the world.C. To help Ethiopian kids read to learn in English.D. To help Ethiopians in learning their first language.

Pigs are not 1. _______ to North America. They were first introduced to California by Spanish and Russian explorers and settlers many centuries ago. In the early times, pigs were allowed to 2. _______ freely in search of food. This practice also allowed many pigs to escape from farms and live in the wild, which became a problem. In fact, they are one of the most damaging invasive species on the continent. Wild pigs 3. _______ millions of dollars in crop damage yearly. They also harbor dozens of diseases that 4. _______ both humans and farm animals. Forest patches with wild pigs have been found to have considerably reduced plant and animal 5. _______ . In addition to either eating other animals or their food supply, wild pigs 6. _______ native habitats by rooting up(根除) grasses and rubbing on trees. Their activities may also create opportunities for invasive plants to colonize these areas. Wild pigs will eat almost anything 7. _______ calories. Mice, deer, birds, snakes and frogs are among their victims. They can also harm other wild species through 8. _______ competition, rather than eating them or shrinking their food supply. On one particular United States island, wild pigs themselves became an attractive food 9. _______ for a species of mainland eagle. The eagles began breeding on the island and also 10. _______ on a species of native fox. The foxes were almost wiped out completely.

阅读单选Welcome to Wonderland Sydney Wonderland Sydney is open every day from 10:00 am to 5:00 pm. Please note that Goldrush opens at 11:00 am and the Beach is only open between October and April at 11:00 am. The Australian Wildlife Park is open from 9:00 am to 5:00 pm every day. How to get there? Wonderland Sydney is located at 100 Wallgrove Road, Eastern Creek. Car: Take the Wallgrove Road exit off the M4 motorway, only 40 minutes from the heart of Sydney and 15 minutes from the Olympic site at Homebush. Train: Wonderlink is the convenient (方便的) all-in-one rail, bus and entry ticket. For more information, call CityRail on 131500. Bus: A regular bus service departs (开出) from Rooty Hill station. For departure times, contact (联系) Busways on (02) 9625 8900 between 7:00 am and 7:00 pm.(1)When can you visit the Australian Wildlife Park?A.t 6:00pm. B.At 7:00pm. C.At 8:00am. D.At 10:00am.(2)How many ways are there to get to Wonderland Sydney?A.2 B.3 C.4 D.5Charlie and Jackie joined a wholesale(批发的)company together. They both worked very hard. After several years, the boss made Jackie sales manager but Charlie remained a salesman. One day, Charlie could not tolerate(忍受)it any more. He handed in his resignation(辞职信)to the boss and complained that the boss did not value hard-working employees, but only raised those who tried to please him. He thought that it was really unfair.The boss knew that Charlie had spared no effort for the company all these years, but in order to help Charlie to realize the difference between him and Jackie, the boss asked Charlie to do the following: "Go and find out if there is anyone selling watermelons in the market." Charlie went, returned and only said "Yes." The boss asked, "How much per kilogram?" Charlie went back to the market to ask and returned to answer, "12 per kilogram."The boss told Charlie that he would ask Jackie the same question. Jackie went, returned and said, "Boss, only one person is selling watermelons. 12 per kilogram, 100 for 10 kilograms. He has a total of 340 watermelons. On the table are 58 watermelons, and every watermelon weighs about 15 kg, bought from the South two days ago. They are fresh, red, and of good quality."Charlie was struck and he realized the difference between himself and Jackie. He decided not to leave but to learn from Jackie.My dear friends, you know, a more successful person is more observant, thinks more and understands in depth. For the same matter, he sees several years ahead, while you see only tomorrow. The difference between a year and a day 365 times, so how could you win?(1)Why do you think Jackie could become a manager?A.Because the boss was unfair.B.ecause he was more hardworking.C.Because he saw further ahead than others.D.Because he always tried to please the boss.(2)What does the underlined word "observant" mean in Chinese?A.善于观察的 B.有理想的 C.乐观的 D.自信的(3)What can we learn from the text about Charlie?A.He decided to change his job.B.He would be a successful person.C.He would take the place of Jackie.D.He would try to learn more from Jackie.(4)How did Charlie realize the difference between himself and Jackie?A.The manager told him that Jackie was more observant.B.They were told to do the same thing, but Jackie did better.C.They were asked to sell watermelons and Jackie sold more.D.Charlie didn't complete what his manager ordered him to do.(5)What's the best title for the text?A.Why isn't me B.Two salesmen C.The importance of memory D.Words speak louder than actionsMeet badminton superstar Chou Tien-Chen. He has been dreaming of becoming an Olympic champion ever since he was first introduced to the sport as a 5-year-old. That's a lofty(崇高的) goal for any kid. To even come close to reaching that goal would take years of practice and training. Chou is up to the challenge. Aim high In the early stages of his career as a professional athlete, Chou found himself stuck in a losing streak. He'd lost 10 consecutive matches. But that didn't stop Chou from continuing to aim high. He didn't lose heart. In 2016, Chou qualified to compete in the Olympic Games and finished in fifth place. Today, he's ranked third in the world, and he's setting his sights on winning Olympic gold in 2020. Stay focused In an interview. Chou explained his focus. He said, “There is no plan B.” For Chou, quitting is not an option, and he continues to work hard to hone (磨练) his skills. His focus and determination seem to be guiding his career. Chou knows that he may not be the most talented player, but he's certainly the hardest working athlete. His attitude while training reflects that, according to his coach. Preparation is key Chou recalled moments during practice when some teammates or other players would spend breaks on their cellphones: but not Chou. He would use that 5 or 10 minutes to review what he'd just learned. A fan once asked Chou where his confidence comes from. He replied, “As long as you are well prepared, you can trust that you're ready." For Chou, this kind of preparation requires self-discipline, a regular routine as well as a balanced diet. But ultimately, it takes daily concentration. Focused forward Drawing inspiration from his faith, Chou wants to encourage young people with a message. That message is, “forgetting what lies behind and straining forward to what lies ahead, pressing on toward the goal...” According to Chou, his faith is what has helped him overcome all of the setbacks in his career.(1)What can we learn from the passage?A.Chou Tien-Chen started playing badminton at 5 years old.B.Chou Tien-Chen had a break after he lost 10 matches.C.hou Tien-Chen ranked third in the world in 2016.D.Chou Tien-Chen got his achievement because of his talent.(2)The underlined words “plan B” means ______.A.focus B.excuse C.another choice D.short break(3)According to Chou Tien-Chen, where does his confidence come from?A.Full preparation. B.Lofty goal. C.Strong encouragement. D.Great talent.Parents do anything they can to give their kids the best education.According to a report published by the Sutton Trust, a third of"professional parents"with children aged between 5and 16have moved to an area, because they think it has good schools^ Some go further: 6% of the 1, 000parents surveyed said they started to attend church (教堂) services to help their children get a place at a church school; 3% said they used a relative's address to get children into a better school; and 2% said they had bought a second home and used that address for a better school. It seems strange that parents, while paying close attention to school, seem often to forget a much cheaper way of improving their children's educational situation-a stable (稳定的)family.There are plenty of researches to back all this up: a recent study by the Childhood Wellbeing Research Centre found that children aged seven and older usually (lid more poorly in exams and behaved badly at school if their parents broke up.Another report by the Economic and Social Research Council, found that a stable family life meant children were more likely to take in what was offered in the classroom.According to the Royal College of Psychiatrists, teenagers whose parents were fighting or separating might find it difficult to concentrate (集中注意力)at school. Of course, many marriages are progressing well even if there're unpleasant matters in life.I've been married for more than a quarter of century, and the one thing I'm sure of is that it's not a bed of roses.I've also got four children aged between 11and 21; and while I'm truly thankful to the many teachers who have taught them, and the schools they've been pupils at, I've felt fairly certain as the years go by that a stable home is much more important than where their school sits in the local league table (排行榜). So paying a few hundred pounds for a family relationship course could be a much better use of the family's money than spending thousands on moving houses.I can't help wondering whether the only sure winners from the fight to live by the best school gates are house sellers rather than the very children the move is designed to help.(1)According to the Sutton Trust,what's the most common way for parents to send their children to a good school?________A.sking their relatives for help.B.Going to church every Sunday.C.Moving to a house in a certain area.D.Buying a second house near the school.(2)What can we learn from the researches in Paragraph 3?________A.Children above seven usually behaved badly at school.B.Going to good schools improved the children's behavior.C.Parents'relationship had an influence on their children's study.D.Parents usually fought for their children's poor performance at school.(3)The writer agrees that.________A.a longer marriage means a stronger family relationship.B.the local league table of schools is important for parents.C.parents should have better communication with teachers and schools.D.it's worthwhile to spend some money improving a family relationship.(4)What's the best title of the passage?________A.More Money Can Help"Buy"Better Education.B.Parents Should Provide the Best Start for Their Children.C.Moving Houses Gives Great Benefits to Children's Education.D.Parents Staying Together Happily Is the Best Way to Help Children.For years, artists from other countries have tried to break into the Western music scene but have met with limited success. But the barrier(界限) seems to have been broken. Many people are thanking K-pop sensation BTS for this change, last June. BTS became the first Korean group to reach No.1 on the Billboard Artist 100 chart. They are recognized for their explosive dance moves, heartfelt lyrics (歌词) and strong social media connection with their fans. In addition to being cultural ambassadors (大使) through their music, they have become agents(代表) of hope to millions of young people around the world. On September 24, 2018, BTS had the honor of speaking at the United Nations on the importance of recognizing one's self-worth. They hope that each person will realize that they are valuable. In November 2018, BTS continued to break records with their first music documentary(纪录片). The film earned 14 million. Despite having lyrics largely in Korean, BTS has produced music that speaks to an international audience. This group of young men is touching lives around the world not only through their albums, but also their work with the U.N. and a successful first documentary. Thanks in no small part to BTS, K- pop is becoming a truly global phenomenon (现象).(1)According to this article, what have artists from other countries tried to do?A.Become popular in Korea.B.ecome popular in the U.S.C.Become new members of BTS.D.Become an overnight sensation.(2)What does the barrier being broken show?A.People in different countries are excited about K-pop.B.Security has become a major issue for these groups.C.Fans are pushing over walls to see BTS's shows.D.K-pop groups can win awards only in Korea.(3)Based on the article, how is BTS an agent of hope?A.They reached No I on the Billboard Artist 100 chart.B.They dance in countries all over the worldC.They made a record -breaking documentary.D.They encourage and connect with their fans(4)What does the writer believe about BTS?A.Their lyrics should contain more English.B.TS has helped to promote K-pop.C.Their fans are mostly Korean.D.BTS must not make another movie.

Directions: Translate the sentences into Chinese or English.1.In the new era, Chinese youth are expected to carry on the May Fourth spirit and to strive for national rejuvenation.2.Scientist Tu Youyou and her team were inspired by ancient traditional Chinese medicine literature to discover artemisinin in 1971.3.科学家是我们这个时代的先驱，是一个国家的骄傲。