M = int_(-(pi)/(2))^(pi)/(2) (sin x)/(1+x^2) cos^4 x dx, N = int_(-(pi)/(2))^(pi)/(2) (sin^3 x + cos^4 x) dx, P = int_(-(pi)/(2))^(pi)/(2) (x^2 sin^3 x - cos^4 x) dx则有( )A N < P < MB P < M < NC M < P < ND P < N < M
$M = \int_{-\frac{\pi}{2}}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \frac{\sin x}{1+x^2} \cos^4 x dx, N = \int_{-\frac{\pi}{2}}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} (\sin^3 x + \cos^4 x) dx, P = \int_{-\frac{\pi}{2}}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} (x^2 \sin^3 x - \cos^4 x) dx$
则有( )
A N < P < M
B P < M < N
C M < P < N
D P < N < M
题目解答
答案
计算各积分值:
-
计算 $M$:
被积函数 $f(x) = \frac{\sin x}{1+x^2} \cos^4 x$ 是奇函数(奇函数乘偶函数),在对称区间积分值为0。
$M = 0$ -
计算 $N$:
拆分积分:
$N = \int_{-\frac{\pi}{2}}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \sin^3 x \, dx + \int_{-\frac{\pi}{2}}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \cos^4 x \, dx$
$\sin^3 x$ 是奇函数,积分值为0;$\cos^4 x$ 是偶函数,积分值为:
$2 \int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \cos^4 x \, dx = 2 \times \frac{3\pi}{16} = \frac{3\pi}{8}$
故 $N = \frac{3\pi}{8} > 0$。 -
计算 $P$:
拆分积分:
$P = \int_{-\frac{\pi}{2}}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} x^2 \sin^3 x \, dx - \int_{-\frac{\pi}{2}}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \cos^4 x \, dx$
$x^2 \sin^3 x$ 是奇函数,积分值为0;后项与 $N$ 相同,故:
$P = -N = -\frac{3\pi}{8} < 0$
比较:
$P < 0 < M < N$,即 $P < M < N$。
答案:$\boxed{B}$