题目
C B-|||-不-|||-A1 M /-|||-I /-|||-/-|||-/-|||-N t-|||-__ __-|||-3-|||-A如图,直三棱柱ABC-A1B1C1,底面△ABC中,CA=CB=1,∠BCA=90°,棱AA1=2,M、N分别是A1B1,A1A的中点;(1)求overrightarrow(BN)的长;(2)求cos<overrightarrow(B{A)_(1)},overrightarrow(C{B)_(1)}>的值;(3)求证:A1B⊥C1M.(4)求CB1与平面A1ABB1所成的角的余弦值.
如图,直三棱柱ABC-A1B1C1,底面△ABC中,CA=CB=1,∠BCA=90°,棱AA1=2,M、N分别是A1B1,A1A的中点;(1)求$\overrightarrow{BN}$的长;
(2)求cos<$\overrightarrow{B{A}_{1}}$,$\overrightarrow{C{B}_{1}}$>的值;
(3)求证:A1B⊥C1M.
(4)求CB1与平面A1ABB1所成的角的余弦值.
题目解答
答案
(1)
解:如图,建立空间直角坐标系O-xyz.
依题意得B(0,1,0),N(1,0,1),
∴|$\overrightarrow{BN}$|=$\sqrt{{{(1-0)}^2}+{{(0-1)}^2}+{{(1-0)}^2}}=\sqrt{3}$.
(2)解:依题意得A1(1,0,2),B(0,1,0),
C(0,0,0),B1(0,1,2),
∴$\overrightarrow{B{A_1}}$=(-1,-1,2),$\overrightarrow{C{B_1}}$=(0,1,2),
$\overrightarrow{B{A_1}}$•$\overrightarrow{C{B_1}}$=3,|$\overrightarrow{B{A_1}}$|=$\sqrt{6}$,|$\overrightarrow{C{B_1}}$|=$\sqrt{5}$,
∴cos<$\overrightarrow{B{A_1}}$,$\overrightarrow{C{B_1}}$>=$\frac{{\overrightarrow{B{A_1}}•\overrightarrow{C{B_1}}}}{{|\overrightarrow{B{A_1}}|•|\overrightarrow{C{B_1}}|}}=\frac{1}{10}\sqrt{30}$.
(3)证明:依题意,得C1(0,0,2),M($\frac{1}{2},\frac{1}{2}$,2),
$\overrightarrow{{A_1}B}$=(-1,1,2),$\overrightarrow{{C_1}M}$=($\frac{1}{2},\frac{1}{2}$,0).
∴$\overrightarrow{{A_1}B}$•$\overrightarrow{{C_1}M}$=-$\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}$+0=0,
∴$\overrightarrow{{A_1}B}$⊥$\overrightarrow{{C_1}M}$,∴A1B⊥C1M.
(4)解:∵A1B⊥C1M,AA1⊥C1M,
∴$\overrightarrow{{C}_{1}M}$=($\frac{1}{2},\frac{1}{2}$,0)是平面A1ABB1的法向量,
$\overrightarrow{C{B}_{1}}$=(0,1,2),
设CB1与平面A1ABB1所成的角为θ,
则sinθ=|cos<$\overrightarrow{C{B}_{1}},\overrightarrow{{C}_{1}M}$>|=|$\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}×\sqrt{5}}$|=$\frac{1}{\sqrt{10}}$,
∴cosθ=$\sqrt{1-\frac{1}{10}}$=$\frac{3\sqrt{10}}{10}$.
∴CB1与平面A1ABB1所成的角的余弦值为$\frac{3\sqrt{10}}{10}$.
解:如图,建立空间直角坐标系O-xyz.依题意得B(0,1,0),N(1,0,1),
∴|$\overrightarrow{BN}$|=$\sqrt{{{(1-0)}^2}+{{(0-1)}^2}+{{(1-0)}^2}}=\sqrt{3}$.
(2)解:依题意得A1(1,0,2),B(0,1,0),
C(0,0,0),B1(0,1,2),
∴$\overrightarrow{B{A_1}}$=(-1,-1,2),$\overrightarrow{C{B_1}}$=(0,1,2),
$\overrightarrow{B{A_1}}$•$\overrightarrow{C{B_1}}$=3,|$\overrightarrow{B{A_1}}$|=$\sqrt{6}$,|$\overrightarrow{C{B_1}}$|=$\sqrt{5}$,
∴cos<$\overrightarrow{B{A_1}}$,$\overrightarrow{C{B_1}}$>=$\frac{{\overrightarrow{B{A_1}}•\overrightarrow{C{B_1}}}}{{|\overrightarrow{B{A_1}}|•|\overrightarrow{C{B_1}}|}}=\frac{1}{10}\sqrt{30}$.
(3)证明:依题意,得C1(0,0,2),M($\frac{1}{2},\frac{1}{2}$,2),
$\overrightarrow{{A_1}B}$=(-1,1,2),$\overrightarrow{{C_1}M}$=($\frac{1}{2},\frac{1}{2}$,0).
∴$\overrightarrow{{A_1}B}$•$\overrightarrow{{C_1}M}$=-$\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}$+0=0,
∴$\overrightarrow{{A_1}B}$⊥$\overrightarrow{{C_1}M}$,∴A1B⊥C1M.
(4)解:∵A1B⊥C1M,AA1⊥C1M,
∴$\overrightarrow{{C}_{1}M}$=($\frac{1}{2},\frac{1}{2}$,0)是平面A1ABB1的法向量,
$\overrightarrow{C{B}_{1}}$=(0,1,2),
设CB1与平面A1ABB1所成的角为θ,
则sinθ=|cos<$\overrightarrow{C{B}_{1}},\overrightarrow{{C}_{1}M}$>|=|$\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}×\sqrt{5}}$|=$\frac{1}{\sqrt{10}}$,
∴cosθ=$\sqrt{1-\frac{1}{10}}$=$\frac{3\sqrt{10}}{10}$.
∴CB1与平面A1ABB1所成的角的余弦值为$\frac{3\sqrt{10}}{10}$.