6.lim_(xto0)(cossqrt(2)x-e^-x^(2)+frac(1)/(3)x^4)(x^6)=()A. (7)/(45)B. (8)/(45)C. (14)/(45)D. (1)/(45)
A. $\frac{7}{45}$
B. $\frac{8}{45}$
C. $\frac{14}{45}$
D. $\frac{1}{45}$
题目解答
答案
解析
本题考查利用泰勒公式求极限的知识点。解题思路是先将$\cos\sqrt{2}x$和$e^{-x^{2}}$展开成泰勒公式,然后代入原式进行化简,最后求出极限。
步骤一:将$\cos\sqrt{2}x$展开成泰勒公式
根据泰勒公式,$\cos t = 1 - \frac{t^2}{2!} + \frac{t^4}{4!} - \frac{t^6}{6!} + o(t^6)$,令$t = \sqrt{2}x$,则有:
$\cos\sqrt{2}x = 1 - \frac{(\sqrt{2}x)^2}{2!} + \frac{(\sqrt{2}x)^4}{4!} - \frac{(\sqrt{2}x)^6}{6!} + o(x^6)$
$= 1 - \frac{2x^2}{2} + \frac{4x^4}{24} - \frac{8x^6}{720} + o(x^6)$
$= 1 - x^2 + \frac{1}{6}x^4 - \frac{1}{90}x^6 + o(x^6)$
步骤二:将$e^{-x^{2}}$展开成泰勒公式
根据泰勒公式,$e^t = 1 + t + \frac{t^2}{2!} + \frac{t^3}{3!} + \frac{t^4}{4!} + \frac{t^5}{5!} + \frac{t^6}{6!} + o(t^6)$,令$t = -x^2$,则有:
$e^{-x^{2}} = 1 + (-x^2) + \frac{(-x^2)^2}{2!} + \frac{(-x^2)^3}{3!} + \frac{(-x^2)^4}{4!} + \frac{(-x^2)^5}{5!} + \frac{(-x^2)^6}{6!} + o(x^6)$
$= 1 - x^2 + \frac{x^4}{2} - \frac{x^6}{6} + \frac{x^8}{24} - \frac{x^{10}}{120} + \frac{x^{12}}{720} + o(x^6)$
$= 1 - x^2 + \frac{1}{2}x^4 - \frac{1}{6}x^6 + o(x^6)$
步骤三:将上述泰勒展开式代入原式
$\lim_{x\to0}\frac{\cos\sqrt{2}x - e^{-x^{2}} + \frac{1}{3}x^{4}}{x^{6}}$
$=\lim_{x\to0}\frac{(1 - x^2 + \frac{1}{6}x^4 - \frac{1}{90}x^6 + o(x^6)) - (1 - x^2 + \frac{1}{2}x^4 - \frac{1}{6}x^6 + o(x^6)) + \frac{1}{3}x^{4}}{x^{6}}$
步骤四:化简上式
$=\lim_{x\to0}\frac{1 - x^2 + \frac{1}{6}x^4 - \frac{1}{90}x^6 + o(x^6) - 1 + x^2 - \frac{1}{2}x^4 + \frac{1}{6}x^6 - o(x^6) + \frac{1}{3}x^{4}}{x^{6}}$
$=\lim_{x\to0}\frac{(\frac{1}{6} - \frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{3})x^4 + (-\frac{1}{90} + \frac{1}{6})x^6 + o(x^6)}{x^{6}}$
$=\lim_{x\to0}\frac{0\times x^4 + \frac{14}{90}x^6 + o(x^6)}{x^{6}}$
$=\lim_{x\to0}\frac{\frac{7}{45}x^6 + o(x^6)}{x^{6}}$
步骤五:求极限
$=\lim_{x\to0}(\frac{7}{45} + \frac{o(x^6)}{}{}{x^{6}})$
因为$\lim_{x\to0}\frac{o(x^6)}{x^{6}} = 0$,所以$\lim_{x\to0}(\frac{7}{45} + \frac{o(x^6)}{x^{6}}) = \frac{7}{45}$。