The resources at our disposal could have been better ______.A. upsetB. utilizedC. undergoneD. united

二、 阅读理解（共 4 题）2. Smart phones are so common these days. It’s a wonder that our pets don’t own one. But theydon’t necessarily have to. These four apps will help you take care of your best furry friend fromdog training to first aid.Pet First AidPrice: 3.99Pet First Aid helps you provide the basic care and attention that your four-legged friend mightneed in a medical emergency. The application shows owners how to treat illnesses withhelpful videos, pictures and articles on subjects like cuts, wound treatment and more. Asection called Pet Info lets you enter in information about your pets including when they hadtheir last vaccinations, any medicines they take, or information about any diseases orconditions your animal suffers from.Paw Card Pet TrackerPrice: FreePaw Card helps you keep a record of your loved one’s important information. Use it to recordyour pet’s medical contacts, vaccinations, identity cards, medical conditions and medicines.Additional characteristics include a drawing showing your dog’s weight over time.Dog Park FinderPrice: FreeDog Park Finder helps you locate dog-friendly parks and training locations in yourarea(USA)locations only). The app includes in formation on more than 2,200 off-leash(无需给狗拴链的) areas, user photos and more than 6，500 reviews, so you can have fun withyour dog off the leash.Dog BookPrice: FreeDog Book is a social networking application for dogs. Like Face book, users can share withother people what’s going on in their dog’s life, share photos, and find great animal-friendlyplaces to meet up.【1】The app Pet First Aid is different from the other thee mainly in .A.size B.priceC.application D.position【2】If you want to keep a record of your dog’s weight, you can use .A.Dog Book B.Pet First AidC.Dog Park Finder D.Paw Card Pet Tracker【3】Which one is the best choice if you want to find dog training locations?A.Dog Park Finder B.Pet First AidC.Paw Card Pet Tracker. D.og Book【4】From the text we can know .A.Dog Book users can find off-leash areasB.Dog Park Finder provides worldwide informationC.Paw Card Pet Tracker records your dog’s informationD.Pet First Aid users can find the nearest hospital easily 3. On Monday, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention predicted that 42% of Americanscould be overweight by 2030. Our expanding waistlines lead to not only a medical problem, butaccording to a recent article In The New York Times, it could also endanger personal safety insome situations—in an airplane crash, for example.The New York Times’ Christen Negroni reports that engineers and scientists are questioningwhether airplane seats are adequately constructed to protect overweight travelers. Governmentstandards for airplane seat strength（强度）— first set moe than 60 years ago — require thatthe seats be made for a passenger weighing 170 pounds (77kg). Today, the average Americanman weighs nearly 194 pounds (88kg) and the average woman 165 pounds (75kg). Negronireports:“If a heavier person completely fills seat, the seat is not likely to behave as intended during acrash,” said Robert Salazar, the leading scientist at the Center for Applied Biomechanics at theUniversity of Virginia. “The energy absorption that is built into the aircraft seat is likely to beoverpowered and the passengers will not be protected properly.”“Nor would the injury be limited to that passenger only,” Dr. Salzar said. “If a seat or a seatbelt fails,” he said, “those people who are seated nearby could be endangered from ‘theuncontrolled movements of the passenger’.”Most complaints about airplane seats focus on their lack of comfort and high ticket price, andwhether overweight passengers should be made to buy two seats. But The New York Times’article brings up another reason to feel anxious about flying. Investigators of the issue got intouch with the airplane seat and seat belt makers, but they refused to comment on the problem.Experts agreed that crash testing should be done with overweight dummies （人体模型）.Both airplane seats and seat belts should be tested, they said.Fortunately, however, according to Nora Marshall, a senior adviser at the NationalTransportation Safety Board, the board’s investigators have never seen an accident involving acommercial plane in which the weight of a passenger was a problem.【1】What is the article in The New York Times mainly concerned with?A.The size of airplane seats and seat belts.B.Safety of overweight airplane passengers.C.Airplane crashes involving commercial planes.D.A medical problem caused by being overweight.【2】Robert Salzar would probably agree that .A.overweight passengers should buy two seatsB.the government should help produce safer planesC.standards for airplane seat strength should be raisedD.passengers should know how to protect themselves【3】We can learn from the text that .A.airplane seat makers have taken action nowB.there are few complaints about airplane seatsC.those seate near the overweight may suffer tooD.only a small number of airplane accidents involve the overweight【4】What is the best title for the text?A.Why Do Passengers Feel Anxious about Flying?B.Will 42% of Americans Be OVERWEIGHT BY 2030?C.When Will the Overweight Enjoy Their Flight?D.Are Airplane Seats Safe Enough for the Overweight? 4. Aerial performer Jennifer Bricker was born without legs, but she never let it stop her.Wrapped in a loop of red silk hung from the ceiling Jennifer Bricker climbs and twists to themusic. Her head hangs down and her strong arms let go as she balances on her back, highabove the ground a move that’s all the more daring because she has no legs.Jennifer was a few months old when she was adopted by Sharon and Gerald Bricker. She hadbig brown eyes, a bright smile, and huge amounts of energy. When a doctor advised heradoptive parents to carry her around in a kind of bucket, they refused.Jennifer soon learned to walk — and run — on her hands and bottom, and grew up fearlesslyclimbing trees and bouncing on the trampoline（蹦床） with her three older brothers. “Myparents didn’t treat me differently so I didn’t grasp the concept that I was different. I knew Ididn’t have legs but that wasn’t stopping me from doing the things I wanted to do.”At the age of three she was fitted with artificial legs, but she never really took to them — shemoved more freely without.In 1996 the Olympic Games took place in Atlanta. Jennifer loved to watch the women’sgymnastics team, and especially adored the 14-year-old Dominique Moceanu who competedfor the US. When Moceanu and the women’s team won gold, Jennifer decided she was goingto be a gymnast, too. She took up power tumbling, which involves performing floor exercisesdown a runway. But Jennifer did not want any allowances to be made for her disability.At the age of 10 she took part in the Junior Olympics and by age 11 she was tumblingchampion for the state of Illinois.Jennifer now travels the world as an inspirational speaker and acts as an aerial performer.【1】Why did Jennifer determine to be a gymnast?A. She knew that she was different from others.B. She wanted to make allowances for her disability.C. She was eager to participate in the Junior Olympics.D. She was greatly influenced by Dominique Moceanu.【2】What do we know about Jennifer Bricker?A. She felt embarrassed without legs.B. She was carried in a bucket as a baby.C. She was brought up as a normal child.D. She lost her legs when she was adopted.【3】Which of the following can best describe Jennifer Bricker?A. Self-respected. B. Cautious.C. Sensitive. D. Clever. 5. Your next ca might drive itself. After years of trials on city streets, driverless vehicles are nownearing the live phase. Last moth, a driverless bus began carrying passengers through Lyon,France, Most in the automobile industry think self-driving vehicles will be on the road by 2020 orbefore.Driverless cars will at firstbe huddled withhuman-driven cars. But the first places where theywill become dominant（统治的）are dense urban areas — precisely the spots most damagedby the automobile age. Many advanced cities are already reducing the role of human-drivencargo. Driverless cars will quicken that process and will bring us enormous benefits.Driverless cars will reduce accidents by around 90 percent. That’s big—the annual death tollon the world’s roads is about 1.2 million a year. Pollution and carbon emissions will drop,because urban driverless cars will be electric. The old, otherwise they would stay at homemost of the time and the disabled and teenagers will suddenly gain mobility.On the other hand, driverless cars will bring catastrophe. The best thing about the automobileage was that it employed tens of millions of people to make, market, insure and drive vehicles.Over the next 20 years, the mostly low-skilled men who now drive trucks, taxis and buses willsee their jobs reduced. Carmakers are especially scared. The few cars of the future might bemade by tech companies such as Apple, Baidu and Google. Imaging the impact on Germany,where the automotive sector is the largest industry.Dramatic change is coming, and driverless cars could arrive by 2020. But governments havebarely begun thinking about it. Only 6 percent of the biggest US cities have factored them intotheir long-term planning.A decade ago anyone hardly saw the Smartphone coming. It has bought an epidemic of massaddiction. Let’s hope we do a better job of handling the driverless car.【1】The underlined words “be huddled with” in Paragraph 2 can be replaced by “ “.A.show up B.exist togetherC.get rid of D.take the place of【2】Why can driverless cars reduce pollution and carbon emissions?A.Driverless cars reduce the number of cars.B.Driverless cars will be powered by electricity.C.Driverless cars save fuel by driving themselves.D.riverless cars will reduce too many accidents.【3】What’s the author’s attitude toward driverless cars?A.Doubtful. B.Negative.C.Objective. D.Worried.【4】What can we know about driverless cars?A.They will not hit the road until 2020.B.They will only be used in urban areas.C.They will not cause any road accident.D.They aren’t still seriously taken by leaders.

下列哪个选项可以翻译为“potable water”?A. 纯净水B. 矿物质水C. 饮用水D. 便携水

Parents often faced the ______ between doing what they felt was good for the development of the child and what they could stand by way of undisciplined noise and destructiveness.A. paradoxB. junctionC. dilemmaD. premise

Woodcut is a kind of artwork on a piece of wood.Many traditional woodcuts are printed-|||-either black and white or simple in colour,but reduction woodcuts(绝版木刻)often show richWoodcut is a kind of artwork on a piece of wood.Many traditional woodcuts are printed-|||-either black and white or simple in colour,but reduction woodcuts(绝版木刻)often show rich

The ______ lawyer made a great impression on the jury.A. defendingB. guardingC. shieldingD. protecting

Part IV Writing (20 points)33. Directions: In this section, write an essay on How to Improve Innovation Ability based on the following information:Innovation (创新) ability is the soul of national progress and the key force to promote social development. As a college student, how should you improve innovation ability? Your essay should include:1) the importance of innovation ability;2) the ways of improving innovation ability.You should write at least 100 words in English. Please write your essay on the ANSWER SHEET.

二、 阅读理解（共 4 题）2. Safety is a huge concern whenever I run with my earphones in. But I need music to run.Otherwise all I hear is the sound of my own breathing. So I’ve found a compromise: I run withonly one earphone in. The music sounds off. It’s an imperfect solution.An updated pair of headphones, called AfterShokz, aim to do better. AfterShokz bills itself asusing bone conducting technology to conduct music from the front of the ear, delivering soundthrough your cheekbone and inner ear. This keeps your eardrum (鼓膜) free to hear everythingelse.“Earbuds (耳塞式耳机) are typically designed to block out all sound, which is fine whenyou’re inside. But when you’re outside, you need all your senses. It would be like sending youout cycling with a blindfold on,” says Rod Annet, managing director of AfterShokz.Here’s where AfterShokz comes in. The headphones hook over the back of your head with themain “bud” resting high up against your cheek. This keeps your ear free to delight in othersounds.So do they work? In a word, yes. During a 45-minute jog, they didn’t bounce or shift. I heardfar more of my environment than I normally do: a nearby bike there; a runner passing meagain to my left; and so forth.What about the downsides? If you’re a huge fan of high-quality sound, you might find theheadphones a bit tinny. One friend expressed concerns about missing the ability to get lost inthe music as you might be distracted by other noises, although I personally didn’t find that anissue.Yet those are all minor details. For me, probably the biggest problem is the price. Rangingbetween £ 49.96 to £ 83.29, AfterShokz headphones aren’t exactly cheap.With all that considered, would I recommend them? Yes. AfterShokz headphones are quiteuseful. While out jogging, they were light, painless, and easy to use. They made me feel safer.【1】What is special about AfterShokz headphones?A.They are a good choice for inside use.B.They allow users to hear other sounds.C.They can make music sound more beautiful.D.They can deliver sound through your eardrum.【2】What does the author’s friend think of AfterShokz headphones?A.They prevent users getting lost.B.They deliver high—quality sound.C.They often move while users are running.D.They fail to allow users to enjoy the music.【3】The author thinks AfterShokz headphones .A.are too expensive B.seem quite uselessC.make users feel pain D.are too complex to use【4】What is the main purpose of the text?A.To express worries. B.To introduce a product.C.To share a personal story. D.To complain about a product. 3. Earlier this year, my family experienced an unexpected tragedy. The kind of tragedy whichknocks you out of yourself and turns your whole world upside down. A tragedy which also causedme to be out of work for three months. It was completely unforeseen and I had no time to puttogether an out-of-office plan.I’ve worked at previous companies where this kind of tragedy would have been handledprofessionally; I would have been given the legally—required money and asked to leave. Butat SAS Institute (an American developer of analytics software), my team stepped in and filledin with no questions or hesitations. My work was not left undone. My clients ( 客户) werepatient when those picking up the pieces of projects unrelated to them needed some time toget familiar with the work. My management and colleagues checked on my family regularly.At last, my manager, my entire team and Human Resources Department helped me back towork at my own pace. They even changed my workspace over a weekend to better suit mypersonal needs before I even came back to work.You see, SAS—creates—a—family. The special attention to employee happiness andwork/life balance makes that family possible. The flexible work environment enables mostemployees to create a schedule that best suits their personal needs—whether it’s attending aschool play or taking an aging parent to the doctor. The Work/Life Office has a wealth ofresources for college planning, anger management, sorrow, etc. But, as you can see, it doesn’tstop there. Most employees believe that SAS is their family. We rely on each other. We helpeach other succeed. We celebrate team successes. We hang out after work. Our kids playtogether. We laugh together and cry together.Sure, we have a lot of convenience benefits at SAS. But, what really makes a difference to meis the SAS culture that the outside world doesn’t always see: The balance. Thecompanionship. The management support. The family it allows me to have.I’m so eager for others to see the side of SAS that I see every day.【1】After the tragedy, the author .A.changed his job B.felt very hopelessC.was sick for three months D.turned to his colleagues for help【2】What did the author’s colleagues do for him during his absence?A.They raised money to help him.B.They visited his family every weekend.C.They asked his clients to wait for him to return.D.They moved his office desk to a convenient place.【 3 】 By saying the underlined words “SAS creates a family” in Paragraph 3, the authormeans .A.the employees feel at home at SASB.SAS often organizes family get-togethersC.many SAS employees have become couplesD.the offices at SAS are decorated like families【4】The author writes the text mainly to .A.tell his life experience B.introduce SAS cultureC.encourage people to join SAS D.explain the importance of family 4. Life hasn’t always been easy for Sareana Kimia, 16. Her parents split up when she was young,and she hasn’t seen her dad since she was l0. In June 2014, she and her mom, Shefali Gupta, foundout that they would soon be evicted ( 逐出) from their home. Sareana knew that her mom hadmoney problems.Even before the eviction, Gupta had become very sad. Because she didn’t have healthinsurance, Gupta couldn’t get a doctor’s help for her emotional problems.Sareana took charge of things at home. For example, she often cooked her family’s meals.When she and her mom were about to lose their home, it was Sareana who arranged a placefor them to stay.For years, Sareana had been an active volunteer with several organizations. She even startedher own group, Youth for National Change. It works to support the rights of young people.Sareana called a few adults she had worked with. After finding out about her situation, onecouple opened their doors right away. But by August 2014, the couple no longer had room forSareana and her mom. The two ended up living in their car. They didn’t want to go to ahomeless shelter out of fear that they could be split up. Through it all, Sareana kept workingon projects and studying. “At no point did I let what was going on change my daily routine,”she says.Sareana is homeschooled online and goes to classes at a nearby college. Last fall, school billsbegan piling up. She had no way to pay them. A friend suggested that she try raising fundsonline. After a newspaper ran an article about Sareana, donations poured in-nearly 30,000!She paid for school and had enough money left to rent a small apartment. She and her mommoved into it in January 2015.【1】What happened to Sareana in 2014?A.She lost her father. B.She became homeless.C.Her mom abandoned her. D.Her house was destroyed.【2】Sareana started an organization to .A.teach people to cook B.support poor peopleC.earn money D.help youth【3】Sareana finally found her own apartment .A.by raising money B.by doing part—time jobsC.with the help of her friends D.with the help of her college 5. I think adults are affected by media, songs, and the Internet, and that is hard enough. Afterlooking in all of the magazines and at models, my friends and I agree that our least favorite day ofthe year is when we wear swimsuits! It affects your whole mood and self-image for the day. Thinkabout how hard it is for young girls if they believe “how hot you look” is how valuable you are.Here are some ways parents can be proactive in encouraging a healthy self-image in theirchildren.First, teach what real value is. I think kids sometimes are confused about values. Howvaluable you are is not measured by how pretty you are on the outside and success is notmeasured by how famous you are. We were watching the Oscars and my 6-year-old son said“She is so pretty,” and then quickly looked at me and said “You are prettier, Mom.” And Isaid, “It’s okay. There are many people prettier than me on the outside. I know that’s not whyyou love me.” It is important to teach children this from an early age.Second, tell your kids about “the grass is always greener syndrome.” It is very easy for all ofus to see the glamour (魅力), whether it be in a famous singer or the most popular girl in theschool. Do not dehumanize and judge famous people. Talk about what problems they mighthave that are different from the problems your child has and maybe some of the samestruggles, like maybe wanting acceptance from peers (同龄人).At last, use your mouth. Don’t be afraid to have conversations with your child about howthey’re feeling about ads, songs, etc... Boys too! You are the parent! Kids of all ages want andneed boundaries whether they admit it or not. Take a stand and have confidence enough not tobe followers and not to purchase clothing, music, or magazines that you don’t believe sendsthe right message to your children!【1】What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 1 refer to?A.Singing with friends. B.Learning swimming skills.C.Showing imperfect figures. D.Reading fashion magazines.【2】The author’s son said “You are prettier, Mom” probably .A.to praise his mother B.to comfort his motherC.because he didn’t like stars D.because he really thought so【3】What syndrome is mentioned in Paragraph 4?A.Lots of people like judging others.B.Kids want to be popular in school.C.People tend to like famous singers.D.People always think others’ life is better.【4】In the last paragraph, the author advises parents to .A.set limits for their kidsB.make friends with their kidsC.teach their kids how to be confidentD.encourage their kids to be themselves.

Traditional American summer camps offer young people a chance to play many sports.These camps may be in the mountains.Or they may be in the woods,or at a lake.Some camps teach activities like painting or music.Or they teach computer programming or foreign languages.Children at all kinds of camps meet new friends.They learn new skills and develop independence. Some children go to camp during the day and return home at night.Others stay at camp all day and all night.Children stay at an overnight camp for between one and eight weeks.Parents can pay less than one hundred dollars or more than seven-hundred dollars a week for an overnight camp. Children from poor families might not have a chance to attend summer camp.The Fresh Air Fund is a well-known organization.People around the country give money to support the Fresh Air Fund.Each summer it sends ten thousand poor children to stay with families in the country or to five camps in New York State. Summer camps have become very important to millions of families.Many American women now work outside the home.Working parents need a place where their children can be cared for during the summer when they are not in school. Young people who like the arts can learn about painting,music,acting or writing.Camps that offer programs in science and environmental studies are popular,too.There are also camps for older children who like wilderness(野外) adventure.These campers take long trips by bicycle or canoe.Or,they go rock climbing or ride horses.Other summer camps in America help children learn about religion or help them lose weight. 1.All traditional American summer camps teach children to be ____. A) brave B) lovely C) patient D) independent 2.In an overnight camp,children ____. A) return home at night B) only stay there for the night C) spend less than a week there D) are there the whole day and night 3.It can be learned from the passage that the Fresh Air Fund ____. A) helps children in general B) receives money from around the country C) has established five summer camps D) supports families in the country 4.Summer camps have become popular because ____. A) children can learn more there than in school B) they teach children new skills C) children like living there D) they are good places to send children to during summer vacation 5.The writer wants to explain that summer camp is ____. A) something new B) only for those in poverty C) possible for children from either rich or poor families D) possible only for those from rich families

According to Paragraph 1, one motive in imposing the new rule is to . Financial regulators in Britain have imposed a rather unusual rule on the bosses of big banks. Starting next year, any guaranteed bonus of top executives could be delayed 10 years if their banks are under investigation for wrongdoing. The main purpose of this “clawback” rule is to hold bankers accountable for harmful risk-taking and to restore public trust in financial institutions. Yet officials also hope for a much larger benefit: more long-term decision-making, not only by banks but by all corporations, to build a stronger economy for future generations. “Short-termism”, or the desire for quick profits, has worsened in publicly traded companies, says the Bank of England's top economist, Andrew Haldane. He quotes a giant of classical economics, Alfred Marshall, in describing this financial impatience as acting like “children who pick the plums out of their pudding to eat them at once” rather than putting them aside to be eaten last. The average time for holding a stock in both the United States and Britain, he notes, has dropped from seven years to seven months in recent decades. Transient investors, who demand high quarterly profits from companies, can hinder a firm's efforts to invest in long-term research or to build up customer loyalty. This has been dubbed “quarterly capitalism”. In addition, new digital technologies have allowed more rapid trading of equities, quicker use of information, and thus shorter attention spans in financial markets. “There seems to be a predominance of short-term thinking at the expense of long-term investing,” said Commissioner Daniel Gallagher of the US Securities and Exchange Commission in a speech this week. In the US, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 has pushed most public companies to defer performance bonuses for senior executives by about a year, slightly helping reduce “short-termism”. In its last survey of CEO pay, The Wall Street Journal finds that “a substantial part” of executive pay is now tied to performance. Much more could be done to encourage “long-termism”, such as changes in the tax code and quicker disclosure of stock acquisitions. In France, shareholders who hold onto a company investment for at least two years can sometimes earn more voting rights in a company. Within companies, the right compensation design can provide incentives for executives to think beyond their own time at the company and on behalf of all stakeholders. Britain’s new rule is a reminder to bankers that society has an interest in their performance, not just for the short term, but for the long term.A、enhance bankers’ sense of responsibilityB、help corporations achieve larger profitsC、build a new system of financial regulationD、guarantee the bonuses of top executives