* 本题备选项需点击原文空格处获取，在列表上点选即可。 The tree people in the Lord of the Rings—the Ents—can get around by walking. But for real trees, it’s harder to uproot. Because they’re literally rooted into the ground, they are unable to leave and go (26)_____. When a tree first starts growing in a certain area, it’s likely that the (27)_____ envelope—the temperature, humidity, rainfall patterns and so on—suits it. Otherwise, it would be unable to grow from a seedling. But as it (28)_____, these conditions may change and the area around it may no longer be suitable for its (29)_____. When that happens, many trees like walnuts, oaks and pines, rely (30)_____ on so-called “scatter hoarders”, such as birds, to move their seeds to new localities. Many birds like to store food for the winter, which they (31)_____ retrieve. When the birds forget to retrieve their food—and they do sometimes—a seedling has a chance to grow. The bird Clark’s nutcracker, for example, hides up to 100,000 seeds per year, up to 30 kilometers away from the seed source, and has a very close symbiotic (共生的) relationship with several pine species, most (32)_____ the white bark pine. As trees outgrow their ideal (33)_____ in the face of climate change, these flying ecosystem engineers could be a big help in (34)_____ trees. It’s a solution for us—getting birds to do the work is cheap and effective—and it could give (35)_____ oaks and pines the option to truly “make like a tree and leave”.

Everybody sleeps, but what people stay up late to catch or wake up early in order not to miss varies by culture？ From data collected, it seems the things that cause us to lose the most sleep, on average, are sporting events, time changes, and holidays. Around the world, people changed sleep patterns thanks to the start or end of daylight savings time. Russians, for example, began to wake up about a half-hour later each day after President Vladimir Putin shifted the country permanently to "winter time" starting on October 26. Russia's other late nights and early mornings generally correspond to public holidays. On New Year's Eve, Russians have the world's latest bedtime, hitting the hay at around 3:30 a. m. Russians also get up an hour later on International Women's Day, the day for treating and celebrating female relatives. Similarly, Americans' late nights, late mornings, and longest sleeps fall on three-day weekends. Canada got the least sleep of the year the night it beat Sweden in the Olympic hockey (冰球) final. The World Cup is also chiefly responsible for sleep deprivation. The worst night for sleep in the U. K. was the night of the England-Italy match on June 14. Brits stayed up a half-hour later to watch it, and then they woke up earlier than usual the next morning thanks to summer nights, the phenomenon in which the sun barely sets in northern countries in the summertime. That was nothing, though, compared to Germans, Italians, and the French, who stayed up around an hour and a half later on various days throughout the summer to watch the Cup. It should be made clear that not everyone has a device to record their sleep patterns; in some of these nations, it's likely that only the richest people do. And people who elect to track their sleep may try to get more sleep than the average person. Even if that's the case, though, the above findings are still striking. If the most health-conscious among us have such deep swings in our shut-eye levels throughout the year, how much sleep are the rest of us losing? 1．What do we learn about the Russians regarding sleep? A.They don't fall asleep until very late. B.They don't sleep much on weekends. C.They sleep longer than people elsewhere. D.They get less sleep on public holidays. 2．What does the author say about people's sleeping habits? A.They are culture-related B.They affect people's health. C.They change with the seasons. D.They vary from person to person 3．What is the most probable reason for some rich people to use a device to record their sleep patterns? A.They have trouble falling asleep. B.They are involved in a sleep research. C.They want to get sufficient sleep. D.They want to go to bed on regular hours. 4．What does the author imply in the last paragraph? A.Sleeplessness does harm to people's health. B.It is important to study our sleep patterns. C.Few people really know the importance of sleep. D.Average people probably sleep.

Listen to a conversation and choose the best answer from the four choices provided for each question. You can use the skills which you have learned in the mini-lecture.A. He is not improving at all.B. He has not won any games.C. He has not played well recently.D. He is not working very hard lately.

2. Sometimes it takes me two days to get everything accomplished. _

制需【题文】 In 1945, a 12-year-old boy saw something in a shop window that set his heart racing. But the price—five dollars—was far beyond Reuben Earle's means. Five dollars would buy almost a week's groceries for his family.制需制需 Reuben couldn't ask his father for the money. Everything his father made through fishing went to her mother, Dora, who struggled to feed and clothe their five children.制需制需 Nevertheless, he opened the shop's weathered door and went inside. Standing proud and straight in his flour-sack shirt and washed-out trousers, he told the shopkeeper what he wanted, adding, “But I don't have the money right now. Can you please hold it for me for some time?”制需制需 “I'll try,” the shopkeeper smiled. “Folks around here don't usually have that kind of money to spend on things. It should keep for a while.”制需制需 Reuben respectfully touched his worn cap and walked out. He would raise the money and not tell anybody. On hearing the sound of hammering from a side street, Reuben suddenly had an idea. People built their own homes in Bay Roberts, using nails purchased in sacks from a local factory. Sometimes the used sacks were disposed of at the construction site, and Reuben knew he could sell them back to the factory for five cents a piece. 制需制需 That day he found two sacks, which he sold to the man in charge of packing nails.制需制需 The boy's hand tightly clutched the five-cent pieces as he ran the two kilometers home.制需制需 Near his house stood an ancient barn. Reuben found a rusty soda tin and dropped his coins inside. Then he climbed into it and hid the tin beneath a pile of hay.制需制需 It was dinnertime when Reuben got home. His father was ready to serve dinner as Reuben took his place at the table. He looked at his mother and smiled. Slim and beautiful, she was the center of the home, the glue that held it together. Her chores were never-ending, but she was happy as her family and their well-being were her highest priority. 制需制需 Every day after chores and school, Reuben 制需scouted制需 the town, collecting the nail sacks. Summer vacation came, and no student was more delighted than Reuben. Now he would have more time for his mission. All summer long, despite chores at home weeding and watering the garden, cutting wood and fetching water — Reuben kept to his secret task.制需制需 Then all too soon fall arrived, and the winds blew cold and gusty from the bay. Reuben wandered the streets, diligently searching for his treasures. Often he was cold, tired and hungry, but the thought of the object in the shop window sustained him. Sometimes his mother would ask: "Reuben, where were you? We were waiting for you to have dinner."制需制需 “Playing, Mum. Sorry.”制需制需 Dora would look at his face and shake her head. Boys.制需制需 Finally the time had come! He ran into the barn, climbed to the hayloft and uncovered the tin can. He poured the coins out and began to count.制需制需 Then he counted again. He needed 20 cents more. Could there be any sacks left anywhere in town? He had to find out and sell them before the day ended. Reuben ran down Water Street. The shadows were lengthening when Reuben arrived at the factory. The sack buyer was about to lock up.制需制需 “Mister! Please don't close up yet.”制需制需 The man turned and saw Reuben, dirty and sweat stained.制需制需 “Come back tomorrow, boy.”制需制需 “Please, Mister. I have to sell the sacks now — please.”The man heard a tremor in Reuben's voice and could tell he was close to tears.制需制需 “Why do you need this money so badly?”制需制需 “It's a secret.”制需制需 The man took the sacks, reached into his pocket and put four coins in Reuben's hand. Reuben murmured a thank you and ran home.制需制需 Then, clutching the tin can, he headed for the shop.制需制需 “I have the money,”he solemnly told the owner.制需制需 The man went to the window and retrieved Reuben's treasure.制需制需 He wiped the dust off and gently wrapped it in brown paper. Then he placed the parcel in Reuben's hands.制需制需 Racing home, Reuben burst through the front door. His mother was busy in the kitchen.制需制需 “Here, Mum! Here!”Reuben exclaimed as he ran to her side. He placed a small box in her work-roughened hand.制需制需 She unwrapped it carefully, to save the paper. A blue-velvet jewel box appeared. Dora lifted the lid, tears beginning to blur her vision. In gold lettering on a small, almond-shaped brooch was the word "Mother". It was Mother's Day, 1946.制需制需 Dora had never received such a gift; she had no finery except her wedding ring. Speechless, she smiled radiantly and gathered her son into her arms.制需【小题1】Why did Reuben enter the shop?制需制需制需A．Because he wanted to bargain with the shop keeper.制需制需制需制需B．Because he wanted to ask the shop keeper for a favor.制需制需制需制需C．Because he wondered if he could get what he wanted for free.制需制需制需制需D．Because he wanted to have a better look at the thing that appealed to him.制需制需制需【小题2】Reuben must have felt ______ after talking with the shop keeper.制需制需制需A．relieved and nervous制需制需B．disappointed and sad制需制需制需制需C．stressed but hopeful制需制需D．happy but determined制需制需制需【小题3】What is the possible meaning of the underlined word in the tenth paragraph?制需制需制需A．visited制需制需B．searched制需制需C．wandered制需制需D．escaped制需制需制需【小题4】How did Reuben manage to raise the 20 cents short for his purchase?制需制需制需A．By begging some passers-by for a favor.制需制需制需制需B．By demanding a discount from the shop keeper.制需制需制需制需C．By asking for some extra pocket money from his mother.制需制需制需制需D．By sweating himself in collecting and selling more sacks.制需制需制需【小题5】What message is conveyed through the story?制需制需制需A．Happiness comes from giving.制需制需B．Money can't buy everything.制需制需制需制需C．Where there is a will, there is a way.制需制需D．A mother understands what a child does not say.制需制需制需【小题6】What would be the best title for the passage?制需制需制需A．A Boy with a Mission（使命）制需制需B．A Valuable Gift制需制需制需制需C．A Special Mother's Day制需制需D．An Unforgettable Experience制需制需制需制需

5. Motivation explains the connection between the linguistic form and its meaning.

________，the text became easier for us to learn．（ ）A. Explaining new wordsB. New words explainedC. Being explained new wordsD. Having explained new words

POWERING THE PLANETA Despite modern society's heavy dependence on fossil fuels for energy, most people are aware that the supply of these fuels is finite. As oil and other fossil fuels become more costly and difficult to find, researchers are looking at alternative energy sources, including solar, wind, and even nuclear power. But which substitute—if any—is the right one? SolarB Solar panels catch energy directly from the sun and convert it into electricity. One of the world's largest solar power stations is in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu, where more than 2.5 million solar panels have the capacity to generate enough power for 750, 000 people. But unlike the burning of fossil fuels, the process used to create all that solar energy produces no emissions.C Today, however, solar power provides less than 2 percent of the world's energy, primarily because the cost of the panels is still very high. But price is only one issue. Clouds and darkness also cause solar panels to produce less energy. This requires that additional power sources (such as batteries) be available.D Some scientists think the solution to this problem can be found in space, which is the ideal place to gather energy from the sun. With no clouds and no nighttime, a space-based solar power station could operate constantly. These stations would send the power back to Earth, which could then be turned into electricity for consumption. Advocates of solar space stations say this technology would initially require a lot of money, but eventually it could provide continuous, clean energy that would be cheaper than other fuels. Also, unlike other energy sources, solar power from space would last as long as the sun shines, and would guarantee everyone on Earth all the energy they need.WindE Wind—the fastest-growing alternative energy source—is another way of collecting energy from the sun. Wind is caused by the sun's heat rather than its light. Therefore, unlike solar power, wind power works well even on cloudy days.F All over the world, incentives designed to decrease the dependence on oil and coal have led to a steep increase in wind-powered energy. Today, Asia leads the world in wind power, producing around 230, 000 megawatts, the equivalent of 230 large coal-powered plants. Europe produces nearly 180, 000 megawatts. North America remains a distant third, at 105, 000.G Despite its successes, some people are protesting wind-power development, saying the turbines are both noisy and ugly. Just outside England's Lake District—a protected national park—a dozen existing wind towers are due to be removed. "This is a high-quality landscape, " says one local homeowner. "They shouldn't be putting those things in here."H There are other challenges, too. If the wind doesn't blow, the turbines are not able to produce adequate energy. As a result, other power sources are needed. In contrast, a strong wind can create too much power. In cases like this, the energy company must sell the extra power at a much-reduced rate, which is not good for business.I What's needed for both wind and solar is a way to store a large energy surplus. However, most systems are still decades away from making this a reality. On the plus side, both wind and solar power enable people to generate their own energy where they live: people can have their own windmills or solar panels, with batteries for calm days.NuclearJ In the 1970s, nuclear power was seen as the main energy alternative. Nuclear power produces vast amounts of electricity more cheaply than gas or coal, with no carbon emissions. For a number of years in the 1980s and '90s, however, use of nuclear power declined due to accidents, concerns about nuclear waste storage and disposal, and high construction costs.K Today, times are changing. Worldwide, about 450 plants generate 11 percent of the planet's electric power, and some countries have invested heavily in nuclear energy. France, for instance, gets three-quarters of its electricity from nuclear power, the highest percentage of any country. China has started to build one or two new plants a year, and India has also begun to utilize nuclear energy on a large scale.L However, there are still concerns about the safety of nuclear power, as seen, for example, at the Fukushima nuclear power plant in Japan. The country had to close the nuclear reactors at Fukushima when the plant was hit by a tsunami and, as a consequence, began releasing substantial amounts of radioactive materials. Many still believe, however, that nuclear power is one of the future's greenest energy alternatives.M In the end, are any of these sources alone the answer to our current energy problems? The short answer is no, but used in some combination—along with other power sources—we may find ways to reduce and eventually eliminate our dependence on fossil fuels.(1)What is this reading mainly about? A.possible replacements for fossil fuelsB.the various causes of the global energy crisisC.the benefits of solar power over other alternative energy sourcesD.problems caused by our overdependence on fossil fuels(2)Which of these statements about solar energy is stated in the text? A.Solar is currently the biggest contributor to the world's energy.B.Solar energy is cheap to produce due to the low price of solar panels.C.Solar space stations could be the solution to the energy crisis.D.Solar energy can have a harmful effect on the environment.(3)What is NOT mentioned as a disadvantage of wind power? A.Strong winds can produce too much power.B.Strong winds can damage the turbines.C.The turbines can create a lot of noise.D.Some people consider the turbines to be ugly.(4)Which country gets most of its power from nuclear power? A.FranceB.IndiaC.JapanD.China(5)Which question is closest in meaning to In the end, are any of these sources alone the answer to our current energy problems? (paragraph M)A.Is there an energy source that can solve all of our energy problems on its own? B.Can our current energy problems be solved by making sure we stop burning fossil fuel? C.Can we solve our energy problems by using all the alternative energy sources together? D.Is finding an alternate to fossil fuels the only way to solve our energy problems?

Long conversation 2Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.(1) (单选题)12.A.She is not satisfied with the salary.B.She is not capable of the job.C.She often works overtime.D.She’s received a job offer from another company.(2) (单选题)13.A.They may be considered as less loyal.B.They won’t get the promotion opportunities.C.They should take more responsibility at work.D.They will be given hiring priority.(3) (单选题)14.A.She might have to do extra work everyday.B.She might not get a pay rise.C.She might not get enough vacation.D.She might not gain more experience.(4) (单选题)15.A.Experience.B.Confidence.C.Fortune.D.Opportunity.

The skater was able to deliver a peak ___occuring her final Olympic games.（ ）A. performanceB. performingC. performD. power