Ⅰ. 填空题1. The water droplets slowly wearing away at the rock are a metaphor for the courage to____ oneself for the common good.2.____ is required to stay committed to hard work.3. People who can put aside their own interests for the greater good deserve____.4. Success will be____ if one is not willing to put in the time and hard work needed to complete a job.5.____ and development will only come if people are willing to work together.6. Whether one faces challenges or avoids them depends on whether one has the courage to____ to philosophical materialism.7. When everyone puts aside their own needs and works together for the greater good, they do not have to worry that their work is not important enough to create____ change.8. Historical, environmental, and geographical factors may cause development to____.9. Collective spirit is embodied in the____ time it takes for the water droplet to hit the rock.
In the 1960s，Douglas McGregor，one of the key thinkers in the art of management，developed the mow famous Theory X and Theory Y．Theory X is the idea that people instinctively （51） ____ work and will do anything to avoid it．Theory Y is the view that everyone has the potential to find satisfaction in work．In any case，despite so much evidence to the （52） ____ ，many managers still agree to Theory X．They believe，（53） ____ ，that their employees need constant supervision if they are to work effectively，or that decisions must be imposed from （54） ____ without consultation．This，of course，makes for authoritarian （专制的） managers．Different cultures have different ways of （55） ____ people．Unlike authoritarian management，some cultures，particularly in Asia，are well known for the consultative nature of decision-making-all members of the department or work group are asked to （56） ____ to this process．This is management by the collective opinion．Many western companies have tried to imitate such Asian ways of doing things，which are based on general （57） ____ ．Some experts say that women will become more effective managers than men because they have the power to reach common goals in a way that traditional （58） ____ managers cannot．A recent trend has been to encourage employees to use their own initiative，to make decisions on their own without（59） ____ managers first．This empowerment （授权） has been part of the trend towards downsizing：（60） ____ the number of management layers in companies．After de-layering in this way，a company may be （61） ____ with just a top level of senior managers，front-line managers and employees with direct contact with the public．Empowerment takes the idea of delegation （委托） much further than has （62） ____ been the case．Empowerment and delegation mean new forms of management control to （63） ____ that the overall business plan is being followed，and that operations become more profitable under the new organization，rather than less．Another trend is off-site or （64） ____ management，where teams of people linked by e-mail and the Internet work on projects from their own houses．Project managers evaluate the （65） ____ of the team members in terms of what they produce for projects，rather than the amount of time they spend on them． 51．A．desire B．seek C．lose D．dislike 52．A．contrary B．expectation C．degree D．extreme 53．A．vice versa B．for example C．however D．otherwise 54．A．outside B．inside C．below D．above 55．A．replacing B．assessing C．managing D．encouraging 56．A．refer B．contribute C．object D．apply 57．A．agreement B．practice C．election D．impression 58．A．bossy B．experienced C．western D．male 59．A．asking B．training C．warning D．firing 60．A．doubling B．maintaining C．reducing D．estimating 61．A．honoured B．left C．crowded D．compared 62．A．economically B．traditionally C．inadequately D．occasionally 63．A．deny B．admit C．assume D．ensure 64．A．virtual B．ineffective C．day-to-day D．on-the-scene 65．A．opinion B．risk C．performance D．attractiveness
READING IN DEPTH-|||-The short passage has 10 blanks.Choose the correct word from a list of options in the box to-|||-fill in the blanks.No word is used more than once.-|||-Regardless of your 1 of true happiness,living a more 22 life is within-|||-reach,and a few changes to your habits can help you get there.For example,try starting each-|||-. 3 by smiling at.yourself in the mirror.Smiling causes the brain to release a(n) 4 -|||-called dopamine,which makes you feel happier.Engaging in regular exercise can also help to-|||-reduce stress,feelings of 5 and symptoms of 6 while boosting self-estee-|||-and happiness.In addition, 7 with friends are a great way to brighten your mood.While-|||-an optimistic 8 is generally a good thing,everyone experiences unhappy 9 -|||-sometimes.It is therefore important to acknowledge 10 feelings.Then,shift your-|||-focus toward what made you feel this way and what you can do to feel better.-|||-A.negative B.attitude C events Q.concept-|||-E.opposite F.depression G.interactions H.version-|||-1.anxiety J.contrast K.rational L.aspect-|||-N.morning O.positive-|||-M.chemical
Complete the sentences with words or expressions from the boxes. sightseeing; figure out; got paid for; endless; pilot; solution; 1.These worker ______ the repairs to the roof2.We can go ______ downtown tomorrow. 3.He's training tobe an airline ______ . 4.We had to ______ the connection between the two events. 5.They asked ______ questions about our hometown 6.A good ______ is to harvest the crop early in September.
Directions: Read the text and answer the question according to the text.One thing to remember in our age of instant gratification is that friends aren’t found; instead, friends are made — crafted, really — over time. It takes 6 to 8 conversations before someone considers us a friend. We wish we could walk into a party, instantly connect, and walk out arm-in-arm with a new BFF (Best Friend Forever), but really it’s an incremental process. The good news is that the bar to start is low. It’s been shown again and again that, as long as we are mutually kind to each other, we become friends with whoever we see most often. Proximity and repetition are key. So put yourself in situations where you see the same faces again and again: a dog park at the same time each morning, a weekly writer’s workshop, or a co-working space.9.What factor is essential to friend-making according to the text?A. Frequent contact.B. Mutual affection.C. Instant connection.D. Face-to-face communication.
What did the speaker discover when teaching math in a public school?A. Some students could not finish homework assignments.B. Seventh-grade math was very difficult for most students.C. Every student could work hard to understand the material.D. IQ wasn’t the only factor that influenced students’ performance.
When we complete each step of our goals, ______.A. we will win final successB. we are overwhelmedC. we should build up confidence of successD. we should strong desire for setting new goals
They have assigned me the role of a heartless financier, who ___________ money, wealth, and luxury.A. are obsessed withB. is obsessed toC. is obsessed withD. are obsessed to
A. Rewrite the sentences into imperative ones correctly.1 Will you please come and join us? ___________________________________________________2.You should not be late again. ____________________________________________________3.You should not answer the phone while driving. _____________________________________________________4.You should sit up straight, children. You can`t slouch over the table.______________________________________________________5.You need to be careful and put those things back in their places.______________________________________________________
Her eyes were a deep brown, as were the curls that ___ around her head. (clustering)
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Whenever I have trouble ( ) many problems, I ask Jack for help.A. dealing withB. to deal withC. on dealing withD. deal with
Dreams can be a rich source of ___________ for an artist. (inspire)
These drugs are available over-the-counter without a(n)__________. （）A. infectionB. dosageC. prescription
Elder and weaker Mr. Mag paid_visits to his old friends.A. scarceB. rare()C. insufficientD. inadequate
6. The children will now play some pieces of music that they ______ themselves. A.were taught posed C.accomplished D.worked7. While she waited,she tried to ______ her mind with pleasant thoughts of the vacation. A.occupy pose C.think D.intensify8. In the film,the peaceful life of a monk ______ the violent life of a murderer. A.is compared with B.is compared to C.is contrasted to D.is contrasted with9. ______ to pay for an order is simplicity itself. A.Use plastic B.Using plastics C.Using plastic D.Used plastic10. Additional time is required for cooking or ______ homemade dishes. A.chill B.to chill C.chilled D.chilling
We were always encouraged to focus on constructing the most out of the situation ______. A. at hand B. on hand C. in hand D. by hand
The Harry Potter series, written by J.K. Rowling, is perhaps the most popular set of novels of the modern era. With seven books and many successful films to its name, the series has gathered about 15 billion dollars in sales. How did the series become so popular? The reason can be broken down into several areas.The first book in the series was rejected 12 times before it was picked up by Bloomsbury—a small publisher in England. So receiving this contract was Rowling's first step to success. However, getting a book contract does not ensure the success of a book. The story was soon loved by children and adults alike. In light of this, Bloomsbury Publishing published a second version of the books with “adult” (less colorful and more boring) book covers. This made it easier for a full range of ages to enjoy the series.Another factor that worked like a charm was that the publisher and Rowling herself, through the books, conducted midnight releases, promotions, and pre-ordering more readers. Customers who feared that their local bookstore would run out of copies responded by pre-ordering over 700,000 copies before the July 8, 2000 release.What does the underlined word “releases” (Para. 3) mean?A. The activity that frees or expresses energy or emotion.B. The announcement about the book’s publishing information.C. The sales of books that is available only at midnight.
26)Could she picture him ___ politics with her father in the drawing-room at her home ?A. discussingB. to discussC. as to discussD. that discusses
The coming of the railways in the 1830s ________ our society and economic life.A. transferredB. transformedC. transportedD. transmitted
Responsibilities ______becoming a father.A. charge forB. go withC. save forD. go through
Fill in the blanks with the words given below.Change the form where necessary.Each word can be used only once. budget defy dilemma diverseloyalty manipulate objectivePerspective tackle urge （1）The ____ of the "upright"message is to ask people to save，while the "permissive"message asks people to spend.（2）If you find yourself in a（n） ____ about what is the right decision for your career，speak to a career counselor.（3）It is important for parents to listen to their children's opinion because they may have a very different ____ on the things they've seen.（4）To cater for the different tastes of athletes from all over the world，the organizers of the Beijing Winter Olympics prepared ____ dishes.（5）If you want to save money for a rainy day making a（n） ____ is the first step you may want to take because it gives you a clear plan.（6）The Chinese legend goes that Yue Fei's mother tattooed four Chinese characters on his back to remind him of the importance of ____ to the nation.（7）When children are addicted to online games，they would often ____ their parents and stay online for hours every day.（8）The report goes on to ____ the technicians to take a more active role in developing the standards of artificial intelligence.
Americans experience more food recalls (召回) today than they did five years ago, especially when it comes to meat and poultry (家禽). Meat and poultry recalls increased by two-thirds from 2013 to 2018, while food recalls overall went up 10%, according to the report recently published by the U.S. Public Interest Research Group.Meanwhile, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimates (估计) 48 million people get sick, 128,000 are hospitalized and 3,000 die from food-borne disease each year in the U.S. "We are looking for the farm-to-fork preventative solutions," said Adam Garber, the research group's consumer watchdog. "By doing that, we can protect people's health."Over the five-year period, poultry posted the most recalls (168), followed by beef (137) and pork (128). The report shows the most serious meat recalls are on the rise. Among meat and poultry, the number of Class I recalls has increased by 83%, nearly doubling. Class I, the most serious of the recalls, is issued when there is a reasonable probability that the food will cause health problems or death.53. When would Class I recalls be issued?A. When the food is likely to cause health problems or death.B. When there are too many complaints from customers.C. When the food problem lasts for five years.D. When the product quality is below standard.
Never before in my career _ _ of an assignment A have l frightened B had I frightened C had I been frightened D have I been frightened
23．有一串钥匙在沙发上。Aset of keys _______on the sofa./ There is _________on the sofa.24．问李老师要你的书吧。________Ms. Li ________yourbook!25．请给老赵打电话。_________Old Zhao ______13096935553..26．这条蓝色的裤子是他的吗？Isthis pair of trousers _________?27．我的父母在第一张照片里。_______________are in the first photo.28．谢谢你帮助我。Thankyou for ________________./ Thank you for _____________.29．那个女孩姓王。Thegirl’s __________is Wang./ The girl’s ______________is Wang.30．那只小狗叫什么名字？What’s__________the dog? / What’s ____________name?31．今天玩得开心点！___________today! / Have a good time today!32．这有两张漂亮的她家的全家福。Here_______two nice photos of her family.
The increase in international business and in foreign investment has created a need for executives with knowledge of foreign languages and skills in cross-cultural communication. Americans, however, have not been well trained in either area and, consequently, have not enjoyed the same level of success in negotiation in an international arena as have their foreign counterparts. Negotiating is the process of communicating back and forth for the purpose of reaching an agreement. It involves persuasion and compromise, but in order to participate in either one, the negotiators must understand the ways in which people are persuaded and how compromise is reached within the culture of the negotiation. In many international business negotiations abroad, Americans are perceived as wealthy and impersonal. It often appears to the foreign negotiator that the American represents a large multi-million-dollar corporation that can afford to pay the price without bargaining further. The American negotiator’s role becomes that of an impersonal supplier of information and cash. In studies of American negotiators abroad, several traits have been identified that may serve to confirm this stereotypical perception, while undermining the negotiator’s position. Two traits in particular that cause cross-cultural misunderstanding are directness and impatience on the part of the American negotiator. Furthermore, American negotiators often insist on realizing short-term goals. Foreign negotiators, on the other hand, may value the relationship established between negotiators and may be willing to invest time in it for long-term benefits. In order to solidify the relationship, they may opt for indirect interactions without regard for the time involved in getting to know the other negotiator. Clearly, perceptions and differences in values affect the outcomes of negotiations and the success of negotiators. For Americans to play a more effective role in international business negotiations, they must put forth more effort to improve cross-cultural understanding. [共5题](1)What kind of manager is needed in present international business and foreign investment? [本题2分]A. The man who represents a large multi-million-dollar corporation. B. The man with knowledge of foreign languages and skills in cross-cultural communication. C. The man who is wealthy and impersonal. D. The man who can negotiate with his foreign counterparts.
In some families,new adults and kids seem to slip in effortlessly, ____ they have been there all along.A. whileB. thoughC. becauseD. as though
If you_________in a job for several years, you may be able to accumulate a lot of work experience and skills that would be beneficial to your future career development.A. have workedB. had workedC. have been workingD. had been working
Most children with healthy appetites are ready to eat almost anything that is offered them and a child rarely dislikes food (51) it is badly cooked. The way a meal is cooked and served is most important and an (52) served meal will often improve a child’s appetite. Never ask a child whether he likes or dislikes a food and never (53) likes and dislikes in front of him or allow anybody else to do so. If the father says he hates fat meat or the mother refuses vegetables in the child’s hearing he is (54) to copy this procedure. Take it (55) granted that he likes everything and he probably will. Nothing healthful should be omitted from the meal because of a (56) dislike. At meal times it is a good idea to give a child a small portion and let him (57) back for a second helping rather than give him as much as he is likely to eat all at once. Do not talk too much to the child (58) meal times, but let him get on with his food, and do not allow him to leave the table immediately after a meal or he will soon learn to swallow his food (59) he can hurry back to his toys. Under (60) circumstances must a child be coaxed or forced to eat.55（）。A. withB. asC. overD. for
1.A:Here is my business card.-|||-B: __-|||-A.Yes,the heat is killing me. B.Wonderful.Is it between-|||-school teams?-|||-C.Thank you for the nice party D.Thanks.This is mine.-|||-2.Alice:Is there any typical Chinese festival you celebrate every year?-|||-Bob: __-|||-A.Yes,the heat is killing me. B. I bet it will.-|||-C.It`s so stuffy and no wind at all. D.Yes,there are many.The-|||-Dragon Boat Festival is one of them.