Questions 9 to 12 are based on the conversation you have just heard.-|||-9.A)They pollute the soil used to cover them. B)They are harmful to nearby neighborhoods.-|||-C)The rubbish in them takes long time to dissolve. D)The gas they emit is extremely poisonous.-|||-10.A) Growing population. B)Packaging materials.-|||-C)Changed eating habits. D) Lower production cost.-|||-11.A)By saving energy. B)By using less aluminum.-|||-C)By reducing poisonous wastes. D)By making the most of materials.-|||-12.A)We are running out of natural resources soon. B)Only combined efforts can make a difference.-|||-C)The waste problem will eventually hurt all of us. D)All of us can actually benefit from recycling.

Alex Pang's amusing new book The Distraction Addiction addresses those of us who feel panic without a cellphone or computer. And that, he claims, is pretty much all of us. When we're not online, where we spend four months annually, we're engaged in the stressful work of trying to get online. The Distraction Addiction is not framed as a self-help book. It's a thoughtful examination of the dangers of our computing overdose and a historical overview of how technological advances change consciousness. A "professional futurist", Pang urges an approach which he calls " contemplative (沉思的) computing". He asks that you pay full attention to "how your mind and body interact with computers and how your attention and creativity are influenced by technology." Pang's first job is to free you from the common misconception that doing two things at once allows you to get more done. What is commonly called multitasking is, in fact, switch-tasking, and its harmful effects on productivity are well documented. Pang doesn't advocate returning to a pre-Internet world. Instead, he asks you to "take a more ecological (生态的) view of your relationships with technologies and look for ways devices or media may be making specific tasks easier or faster but at the same time making your work and life harder." The Distraction Addiction is particularly fascinating on how technologies have changed certain fields of labor—often for the worse. For architects, computer-aided design has become essential but in some ways has cheapened the design process. As one architect puts it, "Architecture is first and foremost about thinking...and drawing is a more productive way of thinking" than computer-aided design. Somewhat less amusing are Pang's solutions for kicking the Internet habit. He recommends the usual behavior-modification approaches, familiar to anyone who has completed a quit-smoking program. Keep logs to study your online profile and decide what you can knock out, download a program like Freedom that locks you out of your browser, or take a "digital Sabbath (安息日)". "Unless you're a reporter or emergency-department doctor, you'll discover that your world doesn't fall apart when you go offline." 1 Alex Pang's new book is aimed for readers who ____ . A find their work online too stressful B go online mainly for entertainment C are fearful about using the cellphone or computer D can hardly tear themselves away from the Internet 2 What does Alex Pang try to do in his new book? A Offer advice on how to use the Internet effectively. B Warn people of the possible dangers of Internet use. C Predict the trend of future technological development. D Examine the influence of technology on the human mind. 3 What is the common view on multitasking? A It enables people to work more efficiently. B It is in a way quite similar to switch-tasking. C It makes people's work and life even harder. D It distracts people's attention from useful work. 4 What does the author think of computer-aided design? A It considerably cuts down the cost of building design. B It somewhat restrains architects' productive thinking. C It is indispensable in architects' work process. D It can free architects from laborious drawing. 5 What is Alex Pang's recommendation for Internet users? A They use the Internet as little as possible. B They keep a record of their computer use time. C They exercise self-control over their time online. D They entertain themselves online on off-days only.

基础词汇1. 极小的；微小的（adj.） _____________2. （中国的）航天员（n.） _____________3. 航天器；宇宙飞船（n.） _____________4. 增援；后援（n.） _____________5. 训练；培训（n.） _____________6. 错过；思念（v.） _____________7. 机会；机遇（n.） _____________8. 控制（n./v.） _____________9. 知识；学问（n.） _____________10. （航天）飞船（n.） _____________11. 巨大的；极多的（adj.） _____________12. 成就；功绩（n.） _____________13. 重视；珍视（v.） _____________14. 价值（n.） _____________15. 某人（pron.） _____________16. 尤其；特别（adv.） _____________17. 赶上；抓住；领会（v.） _____________18. 挑战（n.） _____________19. 教育（n.） _____________20. 人品，素质；质量（n.） _____________21. 英雄（n.） _____________22. 宇航员（n.） _____________23. 淋浴（n.） _____________24. 作为（prep.） _____________25. 失败（v.） _____________

Passage ThreeNowadays, Internet shopping is becoming increasingly popular and many more high street stores and supermarkets are now offering this facility. You can shop for just about anything from the comfort of your own home, and all you need to do is to sit in your armchair and order things directly on the Internet.Shopping on the Internet offers convenience and time-saving benefits to shoppers, as compared to traditional storefront( 店 面 )shopping. People can shop for a variety of products on the Internet, ranging from physical products, such as books, CDs, clothes and food, to information products, such as online news or magazine stories. If it is too inconvenient for you to go out for shopping on your own, or if lack of time makes it difficult for you to shop at physical locations such as stores and shopping malls, you can choose to do shopping on the Internet. The Internet operates 24 hours a day, seven days a week, and shoppers can expect to find and purchase goods on the Internet anytime, unlike traditional storefronts which have fixed opening hours. No wonder that some research findings indicate that consumers view the Internet as an “instrument of convenience”.Despite the advantages of Internet shopping, there are also disadvantages of Internet shopping. The main disadvantage on Internet shopping is that you cannot actually see the products you are buying or check their quality. Sometimes the computer image of the products can hardly compare with those that can be touched for quality and put on for comfort. Furthermore, Internet shopping cannot provide the social interaction and the sense of community. Many people will find it completely unpleasant because they may miss the opportunity to talk to friends. Some people are worried about paying for goods using credit cards, so Internet companies are now finding ways to make online payment safe.As a new type of shopping, Internet shopping is bound to become more and more popular in the future. Moreover, if the problem of the security of payment can be overcome, there will be more people willing to try online shopping.(1) (单选题)What is the most important advantage of Internet shopping?A. The reasonable price.B. The quality of the goods.C. The convenience it brings to you.D. The speed at which the goods are delivered to you.(2) (单选题)The phrase “physical products” (Line3 ,Para.2)means______.A. anything you can useB. things useful for health careC. things connected with studyD. things you can see or feel(3) (单选题)Online news and magazine stories are_______.A. not yet available on the InternetB. everywhere on the Internet and on the InternetC. information products available on the InternetD. the most popular products on the Internet(4) (单选题)We can learn from the third paragraph that______.A. a delivery charge added to the shopping bill discourages people from shopping onlineB. online payment is so safe that people can do shopping on the Internet securelyC. people who enjoy the social experience will not choose online shoppingD. the quality of the goods is not always exactly what you expect(5) (单选题)What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. Sometimes people worry about the money they pay online.B. Shopping on the Internet is a relatively new shopping mode.C. Shopping is made easier by Internet shopping.D. People need to get used to computer system for a secure way of shopping

Most of us trust our doctors even when they hand us a prescription for a drug we can ’ t pronounce . But natural , holistic （全面的） products are fuly in vogue nowadays , and the Internet has created a way for non - experts to become as - or more - informed as their general practitioner when it comes to obscure treatment methods .“ People are now more willing to take their health and wellness into their own hands ,” says Daniele Hardee , a wellness advOcate for doTERRAInternational . Oddly enough , until fairly recently , Hardee was not one of those people . Her first experience with essential oils came in treating her pet bulldog . After seeking suggestions for the sickly pet on Facebook , a fellow fosterer told Hardee about certain oils she could try applying to the animal ’ s skin . Pairing her curiosity with healthy skepticism , Hardee dove deep into researching the safety of the oils .“ I was very hapPy with everything I found ,” she says .“ I started not just using them on the foster dog , but also our son , who needed the benefits of the respiratory support .” While the dog ’ s recovery was soon apparent , the benefits for her son were almost immediate . The oils in question are considered " essential ” not due to any proven vitality , but because they contain the essence of the plants from which they are extracted . Peppermint , lavender and citruses are among the most common on the market today , but numerous essential oils have been in use for several centuries . After seeing how beneficial the concentrated liquids were to both the two - legged and four - legged members of her family , Hardee soon found herself teaching essential oil classes .“ It became something I felt so strongly bOut ,1had to share t ,” she sayS , Ihe classes qu1ckIy greW In S1Ze and geographical Span and Hardee SOor became an advocate for doTERRA International , a natural nutrition and wellness company . As growing popularity pushes essential oils into the broader market , Hardee recommends curious customers proceed with caution concerning quality and purity . Hardee believes the effects of quality oils will be the evidence that helps them prevail .“ T ' m not a holistic health guru （专家）,” she emphasizes .“ Tm just seeing it With my oWn eyes .”46.What is people ’ s attitude to their health and wellness nowadays ? A ) They are ready to put their health into the doctors ´ hands . B ) They are convinced that the natural methods are of no use to them . C ) They are willing to use natural methods to deal with their wellness . D ) They are reluctant to visit doctors and get some prescriptions .47.What did Hardee do with the suggestions about oils on Facebook ? A ) She made detailed studies to make sure the oils were safe . B ) She tried the oils on herself to see whether they were effective . C ) She asked the professional doctors for advice . D ) She totally accepted the oils without any doubt .48. Why are those oils considered “ essential "? A ) Because they are used to save people ’ s lives . B ) Because they are taken from the essence of plants . C ) Because they are essential to patients ´ recovery . D ) Because they are proven to be useful and energetic .49.According to the passage , what is the probable effect of the oils on humans ? A ) They function as a psychological comfort to humans . B ) They provide sweet flavor for humans . C ) They stimulate humans ´ spirits and make them energetic . D ) They exert beneficial healing effects on humans .50.What is Hardee ’ s suggestion for curious customers ? A ) They shoul question the effects of the oils on any occasion . B ) They may choose any one they like since the oils are popular . C ) They should choose those oils which are good and pure . D ) They should trust the oils because they have been used for centuries .

The Touch-Screen Generation A. On a chilly day last spring, a few dozen developers of children’s apps (应用程序) for phones and tablets (平板电脑) gathered at an old beach resort in Monterey, California, to show off their games. The gathering was organized by Warren Buckleitner, a longtime reviewer of interactive children’s media. Buckleitner spent the breaks testing whether his own remote-control helicopter could reach the hall’s second story, while various children who had come with their parents looked up in awe (敬畏) and delight. But mostly they looked down, at the iPads and other tablets displayed around the hall like so many open boxes of candy. I walked around and talked with developers, and several quoted a famous saying of Maria Montessori’s, "The hands are the instruments of man’s intelligence." B. What, really, would Maria Montessori have made of this scene The 30 or so children here were not down at the shore poking (戳) their fingers in the sand or running them along stones or picking seashells. Instead they were all inside, alone or in groups of two or three, their faces a few inches from a screen, their hands doing things Montessori surely did not imagine. C. In 2011, the American Academy of Pediatrics updated its policy on very young children and media. In 1999, the group had discouraged television viewing for children younger than 2, citing research on brain development that showed this age group’s critical need for "direct interactions with parents and other significant care givers". The updated report began by acknowledging that things had changed significantly since then. In 2006, 90% of parents said that their children younger than 2 consumed some form of electronic media. Nevertheless, the group took largely the same approach it did in 1999, uniformly discouraging passive media use, on any type of screen, for these kids. (For older children, the academy noted, "high-quality programs" could have "educational benefits".) The 2011 report mentioned "smart cell phone" and "new screen" technologies, but did not address interactive apps. Nor did it bring up the possibility that has likely occurred to those 90% of American parents that some good might come from those little swiping (在电子产品上刷) fingers. D. I had come to the developers’ conference partly because I hoped that this particular set of parents, enthusiastic as they were about interactive media, might help me out of this problem, that they might offer some guiding principle for American parents who are clearly never going to meet the academy’s ideals, and at some level do not want to. Perhaps this group would be able to express clearly some benefits of the new technology that the more cautious doctors weren’t ready to address. E. I fell into conversation with a woman who had helped develop Montessori Letter Sounds, an app that teaches preschoolers the Montessori methods of spelling. She was a former Montessori teacher and a mother of four. I myself have three children who are all fans of the touch screen. What games did her kids like to play, I asked, hoping for suggestions I could take home. "They don’t play all that much." Really Why not "Because I don’t allow it. We have a rule of no screen time during the week, unless it’s clearly educational." No screen time None at all That seems at the outer edge of restrictive, even by the standards of over-controlling parents. "On the weekends, they can play. I give them a limit of half an hour and then stop. Enough." F. Her answer so surprised me that I decided to ask some of the other developers who were also parents what their domestic ground rules for screen time were. One said only on airplanes and long car rides. Another said Wednesdays and weekends, for half an hour. The most permissive said half an hour a day, which was about my rule at home. At one point I sat with one of the biggest developers of e-book apps for kids, and his family. The small kid was starting to fuss in her high chair, so the morn stuck an iPad in front of her and played a short movie so everyone else could enjoy their lunch. When she saw me watching, she gave me the universal tense look of mothers who feel they are being judged. "At home," she assured me, "I only let her watch movies in Spanish." G. By their reactions, these parents made me understand the problem of our age: as technology becomes almost everywhere in our lives, American parents are becoming more, not less, distrustful of what it might be doing to their children. Technological ability has not, for parents, translated into comfort and ease. On the one hand, parents want their children to swim expertly in the digital stream that they will have to navigate (航行) all their lives; on the other hand, they fear that too much digital media, too early, will sink them. Parents end up treating tablets as precision surgical (外科的) instruments, devices that might perform miracles for their child’s IQ and help him win some great robotics competition―but only if they are used just so. Otherwise, their child could end up one of those sad, pale creatures who can’t make eye contact and has a girlfriend who lives only in the virtual world. H. Norman Rockwell, a 20-century artist, never painted Boy Swiping Finger on Screen, and our own vision of a perfect childhood has never been adjusted to accommodate that now-common scene. Add to that our modem fear that every parenting decision may have lasting consequences―that every minute of enrichment lost or mindless entertainment indulged (放纵的) will add up to some permanent handicap (障碍) in the future―and you have deep guilt and confusion. To date, no body of research has proved that the iPad will make your preschooler smarter or teach her to speak Chinese, or alternatively that it will rest her nervous system―the device has been out for only three years, not much more than the time it takes some academics to find funding and gather research subjects. So what is a parent to doAmerican parents are becoming more doubtful about the benefits technology is said to bring to their children.

({B)}Passag.br>e.OneQuest.ons 26 to 28 are based.on the passage you have just heard.({/B)} A．To tell us that accidents may take place at any time.B．To prove that it is wise to spend money on insurance.C．To prove that buying insurance is a wasted investment.D．To tell us that the sense of security is very important in driving.

Londoners are great readers. They buy vast numbers of newspapers and magazines and of books --- especially paperbacks（平装本）, which are still comparatively cheap in spite of ever-increasing rises in the costs of printing. They still continue to buy “proper” books, too, printed on good paper and bound（装订）between hard covers. There are many streets in London containing shops which specialize in book-selling. Perhaps the best known of these is Charring Cross Road in the very heart of London. Here bookshops of all sorts and sizes are to be found, from the celebrated one which boasts of being “the biggest bookshop in the world” to the tiny, dusty little places which seem to have been left over from Dickens’ time. Some of these shops stock（贮存）, or will obtain, any kind of book, but many of them specialize in second-hand books, in art books, in foreign books, in books on philosophy, politics or any other of the myriad（无数的）subjects about which books may be written. One shop in this area specializes only in books about ballet! Although it may be the most convenient place for Londoners to buy books, Charring Cross Road is not the cheapest. For the really cheap second-hand volumes, the collector must venture（敢于去）off the beaten track, to Farringdon Road, for example, in the East Central district of London. Here there is nothing so impressive as bookshops. Instead, the booksellers come along each morning and pour out their sacks of books onto small barrows（流动集售货车） which line the gutters（贫民窟）. And the collectors, some professionals and some amateurs（业余爱好者）, have been waiting for them. In places like this one can still, occasionally, pick up for a few pence an old volume that may be worth many pounds. 21.“Londoners are great readers” means that _________. A.Londoners are great because they read a lot. B.There are a great number of readers in London C.Londoners are readers who read only great books D.Londoners read a lot 22.Charring Cross Road ________. A.is in the suburbs of London B.is famous for its bookshops C.contains various kinds of shops D.is the busiest street in London 23.If you want to buy really cheap second-hand books, you must ________. A.venture in a most busy street B.venture away from a busy street C.take the risk of going to the beaten track D.take the risk of wasting time to hunt them in less noticeable streets 24.The book sellers on Farringdon Road _________. A.keep fine bookshops B.keep only small bookshops C.sell books on hand-carts D.sell the same books as the bookshops on Charring Cross Road 25.The best topic for this passage is ________. A.bookshops in London B.the biggest bookshop in the world C.harring Cross Road D.buying books in London

3.She was never satisfied with_ (已经取得的成就).4 . Those_ (想去的人)signed their names . 5 ._ (他们什么时候来)hasn't been made public . 6 ._ (一旦你反对一个人) ,everything he does is wrong . 7 ._ (难的是)is to do good all one's life and never do anything bad . 8 . They will fly to Shanghai, ____ (计划在那儿呆两三天),and then go to Beijing.

Since finishing my studies at Harvard and Oxford, I've watched one friend after another land high-ranking, high-paying Wall Street jobs. As executives(高级管理人员) with banks, consulting firms, established law firms, and major corporations, many are now on their way to impressive careers. By society's , they seem to have it made. On the surface, these people seem to be very lucky in life. As they left student life behind, many had a drink at their cheap but friendly local bar, shook hands with longtime roommates, and out of small apartments into high buildings. They made reservations at restaurants where the cost of a bottle of wine a college year's monthly rent. They replaced their beloved old cars with expensive new sports cars. The thing is, a number of them have that despite their success, they aren't happy. Some of unfriendly coworkers and feel sad for eight-hour workweeks devoted to tasks they . Some do not respect the companies they work for and talk of feeling tired and . However, instead of devoting themselves to their work, they find themselves working to support the to which they have so quickly become . People often speak of trying a more satisfying path, and in the end the idea of leaving their jobs to work for something they or finding a position that would give them more time with their families almost always leads them to the same conclusion: it's . They have loans, bills, a mortgage(抵押贷款) to , retirement to save for. They recognize there's something in their lives, but it's to step off the track. In a society that tends to everything in terms of dollars and cents, we learn from a young age to consider the costs of our in financial terms. But what about the personal and social costs in pursuing money over meaning? These are exactly the kinds of costs many of us tend to ignore — and the very ones we need to consider most.1. A: muchB: neverC: seldomD: well2. A: policiesB: standardsC: experimentsD: regulations3. A: lastB: leastC: secondD: best4. A: cycledB: movedC: slidD: looked5. A: sharedB: paidC: equaledD: collected6. A: advertisedB: witnessedC: admittedD: demanded7. A: complainB: dreamC: hearD: approve8. A: distributeB: hateC: applaudD: neglect9. A: calmB: guiltyC: warmD: empty10. A: familyB: governmentC: lifestyleD: project11. A: accustomedB: appointedC: uniqueD: available12. A: yetB: alsoC: insteadD: rather13. A: let outB: turn inC: give upD: believe in14. A: fundamentalB: practicalC: impossibleD: unforgettable15. A: take offB: drop offC: put offD: pay off16. A: missingB: inspiringC: sinkingD: shining17. A: harmfulB: hardC: usefulD: normal18. A: measureB: sufferC: digestD: deliver19. A: disastersB: motivationsC: campaignsD: decisions20. A: assessedB: involvedC: coveredD: reduced