已知(X,Y)的联合分布律为-|||-Y .-2 .-1 . 0 .dfrac (1)(2) .-|||--dfrac (1)(2) . .dfrac (1)(8) .dfrac (1)(6) .dfrac (1)(24) .dfrac (1)(6)-|||-1 .dfrac (1)(16) .dfrac (1)(12) .dfrac (1)(48) .dfrac (1)(12)-|||-3 .dfrac (1)(16) .dfrac (1)(12) .dfrac (1)(48) .dfrac (1)(12)-|||-试写出X的边缘分布律.-|||-x .-2 .-1 . 0 .dfrac (1)(2) .-|||-Pk

题目解答
答案

解析
边缘分布律是联合分布律的简化形式,仅关注单一随机变量的概率分布。本题中,X的边缘分布律需通过联合分布律中X各取值对应的概率之和计算得出。关键在于正确识别每个X取值对应的Y的所有可能情况,并将对应的联合概率相加。
步骤1:确定X的取值
根据题目表格,X的取值为:$-2$, $-1$, $0$, $\dfrac{1}{2}$。
步骤2:计算每个X取值的概率
X = -2
对应Y的取值为$-\dfrac{1}{2}$, $1$, $3$,联合概率分别为$\dfrac{1}{8}$, $\dfrac{1}{16}$, $\dfrac{1}{16}$:
$P(X=-2) = \dfrac{1}{8} + \dfrac{1}{16} + \dfrac{1}{16} = \dfrac{1}{4}.$
X = -1
对应Y的取值为$-\dfrac{1}{2}$, $1$, $3$,联合概率分别为$\dfrac{1}{6}$, $\dfrac{1}{12}$, $\dfrac{1}{12}$:
$P(X=-1) = \dfrac{1}{6} + \dfrac{1}{12} + \dfrac{1}{12} = \dfrac{1}{3}.$
X = 0
对应Y的取值为$-\dfrac{1}{2}$, $1$, $3$,联合概率分别为$\dfrac{1}{24}$, $\dfrac{1}{48}$, $\dfrac{1}{48}$:
$P(X=0) = \dfrac{1}{24} + \dfrac{1}{48} + \dfrac{1}{48} = \dfrac{1}{12}.$
X = $\dfrac{1}{2}$
对应Y的取值为$-\dfrac{1}{2}$, $1$, $3$,联合概率分别为$\dfrac{1}{6}$, $\dfrac{1}{12}$, $\dfrac{1}{12}$:
$P\left(X=\dfrac{1}{2}\right) = \dfrac{1}{6} + \dfrac{1}{12} + \dfrac{1}{12} = \dfrac{1}{3}.$