题目
2. (5.0分) 设X_(1),X_(2)是相互独立的随机变量,则D(2X_(1)-X_(2))=A. 4D(X_(1))+D(X_(2));B. 4D(X_(1))-D(X_(2));C. 2D(X_(1))+D(X_(2));D. 2D(X_(1))-D(X_(2))
2. (5.0分) 设$X_{1},X_{2}$是相互独立的随机变量,则$D(2X_{1}-X_{2})=$
A. $4D(X_{1})+D(X_{2});$
B. $4D(X_{1})-D(X_{2});$
C. $2D(X_{1})+D(X_{2});$
D. $2D(X_{1})-D(X_{2})$
题目解答
答案
A. $4D(X_{1})+D(X_{2});$
解析
本题考查随机变量方差的性质,解题思路是根据方差的性质逐步对$D(2X_{1}-X_{2})$进行化简计算。
步骤一:根据方差的性质$D(aX + bY)=a^{2}D(X)+b^{2}D(Y)$($X$与$Y$相互独立)对$D(2X_{1}-X_{2})$进行展开
在$D(2X_{1}-X_{2})$中,$a = 2$,$b = -1$,$X = X_{1}$,$Y = X_{2}$,因为$X_{1}$与$X_{2}$相互独立,所以可得:
$D(2X_{1}-X_{2})=D(2X_{1}+(-1)X_{2})$
根据上述性质可得:
$D(2X_{1}+(-1)X_{2})=2^{2}D(X_{1})+(-1)^{2}D(X_{2})$
步骤二:分别计算各项的值
计算$2^{2}D(X_{1})$和$(-1)^{2}D(X_{2})$:
$2^{2}D(X_{1}) = 4D(X_{1})$
$(-1)^{2}D(X_{2}) = 1\times D(X_{2}) = D(X_{2})$
步骤三:将计算结果相加
将$2^{2}D(X_{1}) = 4D(X_{1})$和$(-1)^{2}D(X_{2}) = D(X_{2})$代入$D(2X_{1}+(-1)X_{2})=2^{2}D(X_{1})+(-1)^{2}D(X_{2})$可得:
$D(2X_{1}-X_{2})=4D(X_{1})+D(X_{2})$