When a customer fell deathly ill, waitress Jessica Grant called on a skill she never thought she’d need. The man eating chicken chimichangas at table 25 asked for more tortillas and a Dr Pepper. Jessica Shafer Grant, eight hours into a 12-hour double shift at Abuelo’s restaurant in Abilene, Texas, checked on her other customers, then made her way downstairs to the kitchen to place the order. Grant, 29, had recently moved to Abilene with her five-year-old daughter and was supplementing the income she earned as a dental assistant by waiting tables on weekends. In the restaurant’s courtyard, Walter Wheat, 74, signed his credit card bill and stood up to leave. He dropped his jacket and staggered. His wife, Doris, 67, and the dinner companion grabbed Wheat’s arms and brought him carefully to the floor. Then Wheat, who’d survived a heart attack eight years earlier, stopped breathing and stared up vacantly. Doris fell to her knees and leaned over her husband. "Daddy, breathe! Breathe! " A man who identified himself as a doctor shot up from a nearby table and rushed to Wheat’s side. Wheat’s skin was pale, and his lips were turning blue. A crowd of patrons gathered as the man placed his fingers on Wheat’s neck. He looked up and shook his head. Wheat had no detectable pulse. Doris turned to a nearby waitress. "Help my husband! " she cried. "Please! " Grant was coming down the stairs when she saw a crowd in the courtyard, with Doris sitting on the floor near the center of the group. Then Grant saw Wheat on the ground. She pushed her way in. "What’s going on" she asked. "He doesn’t have a pulse," the doctor said. Grant had learned CPR as part of her dental training, though she’d never had to use it before. "Can I give him mouth-to-mouth" she asked Doris. "Please! " The doctor backed away and left the restaurant before anyone got his name. Grant knelt by wheat’s head and bent close to listen for his breath. Then she felt for his pulse. Nothing. He looks pretty bad, she thought. He’s not going to make it. She began CPR anyway--I need to do that for him, she thought-- alternating between two consecutive bursts of mouth-to-mouth breathing and a series of chest compressions. Within a couple of minutes, bartender Jeff Womble was at Grant’s side. A nursing student, Womble wordlessly took over the chest compressions on Wheat. Soon the two workers had synchronized their efforts: Grant breathed into Wheat’s mouth, then counted as Womble launched into compressions. "One one-thousand, two one-thousand..." The restaurant was nearly silent. Some patrons prayed softly. Doris twisted a napkin in her hands, repeating to herself, "God, please don’t take him from me yet." Grant and Womble persisted for nearly ten minutes. Then Wheat gasped. Grant sat back and told Womble to stop. "Keep going! " someone shouted. "Why are you stopping" But Grant followed her instincts. "Let’s not mess with this," she instructed. "He’s breathing." The restaurant erupted into applause.What was Doris’ reaction when the doctor looked up and shook his head(). A. She lost hope for the husband’s recovery.B. She lost her senses and started citing.C. She criticized the doctor a fake one.D. She still cherished hope for her husband.

Something incredible is happening in a lab at Duke University’s Center for Neuroengineering--though, at first, it’s hard to see just what it is. A robot arm swings from side to side, eerily lifelike, as if it were trying to snatch invisible flies out of the air. It pivots around and straightens as it extends its mechanical hand. The hand clamp shuts and squeezes for a few seconds, then relaxes its grip and pulls back to shoot out again in a new direction. OK, nothing particularly astonishing here--robot arms, after all, do everything from building our cars to sequencing our DNA. But those robot arms are operated by software; the arm at Duke follows commands of a different sort. To see where those commands are coming from, you have to follow a tangled trail of cables out of the lab and down the hall to another, smaller room. Inside this room sits a motionless macaque monkey (短尾猿). The monkey is strapped in a chair, staring at a computer screen. On the screen a black dot moves from side to side; when it stops, a circle widens around it. You wouldn’t know just from watching, but that dot represents the movements of the arm in the other room. The circle indicates the squeezing of its robotic grip; as the force of the grip increases, the circle widens. In other words, the dot and the circle are responding to the robot arm’s movements, And the arm It’s being directed by the monkey. Did I mention the monkey is motionless Take another look at those cables. They snake into the back of the computer and then out again, terminating in a cap on the monkey’s head, where they receive signals from hundreds of electrodes buried in its brain. The monkey is directing the robot with its thoughts. For decades scientists have pondered, speculated on, and pooh-poohed the possibility of a direct interface between a brain and a machine--only in the late 1990s did scientists start learning enough about the brain and signal-processing to offer glimmers of hope that this science-fiction vision could become reality. Since then, insights into the workings of the brain--how it encodes commands for the body, and how it learns to improve those commands over time--have piled up at an astonishing pace, and the researchers at Duke studying the macaque and the robotic arm are at the leading edge of the technology. "This goes way beyond what’s been done before," says neuroscientist Miguel Nicolelis, co-director of the Center for Neuroengineering. Indeed, the performance of the center’s monkeys suggests that a mind-machine merger could become a reality in humans very soon. Nicolelis and his team are confident that in five years they will be able to build a robot arm that can be controlled by a person with electrodes implanted in his or her brain. Their chief focus is medical--they aim to give people with paralyzed limbs a new tool to make everyday life easier. But the success they and other groups of scientists are achieving has triggered broader excitement in both the public and private sectors. The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency has already doled out 24 million to various brain-machine research efforts across the United States, the Duke group among them. High on DARPA’s wish list. mind-controlled battle robots, and airplanes that can be flown with nothing more than thought. You were hoping for something a bit closer to home How about a mental telephone that you could use simply by thinking about talking According to Nicolelis, the technology will be helpful in the following fields EXCEPT ______. A．industryB．medical fieldC．militaryD．daily life

阅读理解 　　Beginning college is exciting：new ideas to explore，new challenges to be met and many decisions to be made．Your future begins here． 　　However，you will find college life is different from your previous school environment．Many of us can be easily overwhelmed by the details of running a well-balanced life．While some of us may have the know-how ，I guess there are more of us who can benefit from learning about the experiences of others who have walked the college halls before you． 　　The following you may find of use about life on campus． 　　●Plan well．There are so many new things to do at a new college or university．Give yourself time to make new friends and become familiar with the campus，but don't forget why you are there．Give some time for social activities and manage your time wisely． 　　●If you don't have a “system” for planning your time now(like a day timer，a computer date book)，get one．Most of all，don't depend on your memory． 　　●Don't miss the guidelines．The restrictions，rules and regulations of all kinds can usually be found in your student's handbook．Consider them well-balanced food for thought．What dates are important? What pieces of paper need to be handed in? What can/ can't you do in your student residence(住处)? Who has the right for what? What do you need to complete to graduate? 　　●Write the word “STUDY” on the walls of our bedroom and bathroom，and maybe it will help to write it on a piece of paper and stick it on the telephone，TV and the kitchen table．Consider this-you are paying thousands of dollars for your courses．You pay every time you have to repeat or replace a course． 　　●Build your identity．This is the time for you to decide what to do and what not to do．Take as much time as you need to explore new ideas．Do not be afraid of the beyond．This is learning to make good choices． (1) What is the main purpose of the passage? [　　] A． To offer advice on college life． B． To explain why college life is exciting． C． To describe the importance of college life． D． To persuade you to go to college． (2) According to the passage，why is it exciting to begin college life? [　　] A． Because you will have more freedom at college． B． Because you will no longer be afraid of the beyond． C． Because you prepare for your future career and life there． D． Because professors there will provide you with many new ideas． (3) The underlined word “know-how” refers to ________． [　　] A． an understanding of how things are going at college B． practical knowledge about how to behave and what to do at college C． college halls where rules and regulations are presented D． an environment completely different from the one you're used to (4) According to the passage，college students ________． [　　] A． needn't learn from those who went to college before them B． spend as much time as possible on social activities C． should know what they have fought for on campus D． are supposed to repeat or replace at least one course (5) According to the passage，all the following statements are true EXCEPT ________． [　　] A． at college you should take an active part in social activities B． the author advises you to get a computer data book C． you are reminded of study by making a sign everywhere D． you are given a suggestion that you make an identity card first

Modern life, with its emphasis on information, automation, computerization, and globalization, has made work easier and given us more leisure options, but we now have a whole host of new health problems. Only time will tell if these modern health problems disappear like 8-track tapes and rotary phones. Until then, here are some of the new maladies we have in store for us.If you spend all day staring at a computer screen, you may be at risk for computer vision syndrome (CVS), also called occupational asthenopia(弱视的). CVS encompasses all eye or vision-related problems suffered by people who spend a lot of time on computers. According to the American Optometric Association, symptoms of CVS include headaches; dry, red, or burning eyes; blurred or double vision; trouble focusing; difficulty distinguishing colors; sensitivity to light; end even pain in the neck or back. As many as 75 percent of computer users have symptoms of CVS due to glare, poor lighting, and improper workstation setup. To overcome CVS, keep your monitor about two feet away from you and six inches. below eye level, and be sure it’s directly in front of yon to minimize eye movement. Adjust lighting to, remove any glare or reflections. You can also adjust the brightness on your monitor to ease eyestrain. Even simple steps can help, like looking away from your monitor every 20 or 30 minutes and focusing on something farther away. And you can always use eyedrops to perk up your peepers! Earbuds are the headphones used with many digital music players. They fit inside the ear but don’t cancel out background noise, requiring users to turn up the volume, often to 110 to 120 decibels--loud enough to cause hearing loss after only an hour end 15 minutes. And today, people spend much more time listening to their portable players, exposing themselves to damaging noise for longer periods of time. As a result, young people are developing the type of heating loss normally seen in much older adults. Experts recommend turning down the volume and limiting die amount of time spent listening to music players to about an hour a day. Headphones that fit outside the ear canal also help, as can noise-canceling headphones that reduce background noise so listeners don’t have to crank up the volume. This condition is related to deep vein thrombosis(血栓症), where blood clots form in deep veins, such as those in the legs. These clots can be fatal if they migrate to the lungs and cause a pulmonary embolism. Clots can form when blood supply slows or stops, such as in a period of prolonged immobility. Similarly, e-thrombosis is the development of clots in the deep veins of someone who spends long amounts of time in front of a computer without moving. Although only a handful of e-thrombosis cases have been reported, millions of people who spend most of their time in front of a computer are at risk. Avoiding e-thrombosis is simple: stand up and move around every hour, tap your toes while you work, put equipment end supplies in different parts of your work area so you have to move to get them, don’t cross your legs while sitting at your desk, don’t spend your lunch break at your desk (go for a quick walk instead), and don’t get too comfortable --if your workspace is ultra-cozy, you won’t want to get up. We all have worries, uncertainties, and fears, but generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is excessive or unrealistic unease or concern about life’s problems. Although the disorder often manifests without any specific cause, large issues of modern life (such as terrorism, the economy, and crime) can bring it about, as can individual circumstances like dealing with an illness. GAD affects about 6.8 million people in the United States, and symptoms include restlessness, fatigue, irritability, impatience, difficulty concentrating, headaches, upset stomach, and shortness of breath. Anxiety disorders like GAD are treated with antianxiety drugs, antidepressants, psychotherapy, or a combination of these. It seems like every day there’s a new report about something you shouldn’t eat. The constant bombardment of information about food end health can confuse anyone, but for people who have the eating disorder orthorexia nervusa, it can be downright dangerous. People with this condition are, obsessed with eating healthful food and have constructed strict diets that they follow religiously. Although many people who have orthorexia nervosa become underweight, thinness is not their goal--nutritional purity is. Among the signs of orth0rexia nervosa are spending more than three hours a day thinking about healthful food; planning meals days in advance; feeling virtuous from following a strict healthful diet, but not enjoying eating; feeling socially isolated (such strict diets make it bard to eat anywhere but at home); and feeling highly, critical of those who do not follow a similar diet. Although the psychiatric community does not officially recognize orthorexia nervosa as a disorder, those with the condition benefit from psychological treatment and sessions with eating-disorder specialists. Rising energy costs aren’t just harmful to your wallet; if you work in an office building, they could be making you physically ill. Businesses have found that by packing buildings with insulation then adding caulking and weather stripping,. they can seal buildings tight, keep indoor temperatures constant, and cut energy costs in the process. Such measures require the healing, ventilating, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems to work harder to recycle air. After all, when the building is sealed, you can’t open a window to let fresh air circulate. The result is sick building syndrome, which the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) classifies as a situation where building occupants experience discomforting health effects even though no specific cause can be found. Symptoms include headache; eye, nose, or throat irritation; dry cough; dry or itchy skin; dizziness; nausea; fatigue; and sensitivity to odors. The EPA estimates that 30 percent of all U.S. office buildings could be "sick," so they recommend routine maintenance of HVAC systems, including cleaning or replacing filters; replacing water-stained ceiling tiles and carpeting; restricting smoking in and around buildings; and ventilating areas where paints, adhesives, or solvents are used. Despite all the ways to interact with others in our technologically savvy world, those with social anxiety disorder feel boxed in by the shrinking globe. According to the National Institutes of Health (NIH), people with social anxiety disorder have an "intense, persistent, and chronic fear of being watched and judged by others and of doing things that will embarrass them," and that fear can be so intense that it interferes with work, school, and other ordinary activities end can make it hard to make and keep friends. But the condition has physical manifestations, too, including trembling, upset stomach, heart palpitations, confusion, and diarrhea. The cause hasn’t been nailed down, but social anxiety disorder is probably due to a combination of environmental and hereditary factors. About 15 million people in the United States are affected by social anxiety disorder, winch .usually begins during childhood. Like other anxiety disorders, treatment often involves medication and psychotherapy.Earbud-related hearing loss suffered by people who ______. A．develop the type of hearing loss like much older adultsB．expose themselves to music for longer periods of timeC．use portable players more time and turn up the volumeD．spend much more time listening to their music players

There are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on your answer sheet.Agriculture is the country’s chief source of wealth, rice______by far the biggest cereal crop.A. isB. beenC. beD. being

One hundred years ago, "Colored" was the typical way of referring to Americans of African descent. Twenty years later, it was purposefully dropped to make way for "Negro." By the late 1960s, that term was overtaken by "Black." And then, at a press conference in Chicago in 1988, Jesse Jackson declared that" African American" was the term to embrace. This one was chosen because it echoed the labels of groups, such as "Italian Americans" and" Irish Americans, " that had already been freed of widespread discrimination.A century's worth of calculated name changes point to the fact that naming any group is a politically freighted exercise. A 2001study cataloged all the ways in which the term "Black" carried connotations (涵义) that were more negative than those of" African American."But if it was known that "Black" people were viewed differently from" African Americans, " researchers, until now, hadn't identified what that gap in perception was derived from. A recent study, conducted by Emory University's Erika Hall, found that "Black" people are viewed more negatively than "African Americans" because of a perceived difference in socioeconomic status. As a result, "Black" people are thought of as less competent and as having colder personalities.The study's most striking findings shed light on the racial biases permeating the professional world. Even seemingly harmless details on a resume, it appears, can tap into recruiters' biases. A job application might mention affiliations with groups such as the" Wisconsin Association of African-American Lawyers" or the "National Black Employees Association, "the names of which apparently have consequences, and are also beyond their members' control.In one of the study's experiments, subjects were given a brief description of a man from Chicago with the last name Williams. To one group, he was identified as "African-American, " and another was told he was "Black." With little else to go on, they were asked to estimate Mr. William's salary, professional standing, and educational background.The "African-American" group estimated that he earned about 37, 000 a year and had at two-year college degree. The "Black" group, on the other hand, put his salary at about ＄29, 000, and guessed that he had only "some" college experience. Nearly three-quarters of the first group guessed that Mr. Williams worked at a managerial level, while only 38.5 percent of the second group thought so.Hall's findings suggest there's an argument to be made for electing to use" African American, " though one can't help but get the sense that it's a decision that papers over the urgency of continued progress. Perhaps a new phrase is needed, one that can bring everyone one big step closer to realizing Du Bois's original, idealistic hope: "It's not the name-it's the Thing that counts."Why did Jesse Jackson embrace the term "African American" for people of African descent？A.It is free from racial biases.B.It represents social progress.C.It is in the interest of common Americans.D.It follows the standard naming practice.What does the author say about the naming of an ethnic group？A.It advances with the times.B.It is based on racial roots.C.It merits intensive study.D.It is politically sensitive.What do Erika Hall's findings indicate？A.Racial biases are widespread in the professional world.B.Many applicants don't attend to details on their resumes.C.Job seekers should all be careful about their affiliations.D.Most recruiters are unable to control their racial biases.What does Erika Hall find in her experiment about a man with the last name Williams？A.African Americans fare better than many other ethnic groups.B.Black people's socioeconomic status in America remains low.C.People's conception of a person has much to do with the way he or she is labeled.D.One's professional standing and income are related to their educational background.What is Dr. Du Bois's ideal？A.All Americans enjoy equal rights.B.A person is judged by their worth.C.A new term is created to address African Americans.D.All ethnic groups share the nation's continued progress.

Electronic Teaching The potential of closed-circuit television and other new electronic leaching tools is so great that it is fascinating to visualize "the school of tomorrow". Televised lessons will originate from a central building having perhaps four or five master studios. The lessons will be carried into classrooms all over a city, or even an entire country. After a televised lesson has been given, the classroom teacher will take over for tire all-important "follow-up" period. The students will ask any troublesome questions, and difficult points will be cleared up through discussion. The teacher in the classroom will have additional electronic tools. On the teacher’s desk, the traditional chalk and erasers will have been replaced by a multiple-control panel and magnetic tape players. The tape machines will run pre-recorded lessons which pupils will follow by headphones. The lessons will be specifically geared to the students’ levels of ability. For instance, while the class as a whole studies history, each student will receive an individual history lesson, directed to his particular level of ability. Should question arise, the students will be able to talk directly to the teacher on individual intercoms without disturbing the rest of the class. In this way, the teacher will he able to conduct as many as three classes at the same time. With the rapid development of computer science, students will be aided with specially prepared multi-media software to study their subjects better. Homework will possibly be assigned and handed in via electronic mail system. Students can even take examinations on their computer linked with the teachers and get the score instantly. They will get certificates or diplomas if they pass all the required examinations. Experts believe that this type of education will be very popular in the years ahead.Computer teaching will help the study in the following ways except that (). A. teachers can give and collect homework using electronic mail system B. examinations can be conducted on computers better than on paper C. test scores can be obtained soon after the test is taken D. certificates or diplomas are required if the students want to pass the tests

America is a country on the move. In unheard of numbers, people of all ages are exercising their way to better health. According to the latest figures, 59 percent of American adults exercise regularly-up 12 percent from just two years ago and more than double the figure of 25 years ago. Even non-exercisers believe they would be more attractive and confident if they were more active. It is hard not to get the message. The virtues of physical fitness are shown on magazine covers, postage stamps, and television ads of everything from beauty soaps to travel books. Exercise as a part of daily life did not catch on until the late 1960s when research by military doctors began to show the health benefits of doing regular physical exercises. Growing publicity (宣传) for races held in American cities helped fuel a strong interest in the ancient sport of running. Although running has leveled off in recent years as Americans have discovered equally rewarding—and sometimes safer-forms of exercise, such as walking and swimming, running remains the most popular form of exercise. As the popularity of exercise continues to mount, so does scientific evidence of its health benefits. The key to fitness is exercising the major muscle groups vigorously (强有力地) enough to approximately double the heart rate and keep it doubled for 20 to 30 minutes at a time. Doing such physical exercises three times or more a week will produce considerable improvements in physical health in about three months.It can be learnt from the passage that the health benefits of exercise ___________.A growing interest in sports developed after ______________.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?Which of the following is closest in meaning to the phrase “leveled off” in the paragraph 2? are to be further studied,are yet to be proved,are self evident,are supported by scientific evidence,are to be further studied,are yet to be proved,are self evident,are supported by scientific evidence,an increasing number of races were held in American cities,research showed their health benefits,scientific evidence of health benefits was shown on TV ads,people got the message from magazine covers and postage stamps,an increasing number of races were held in American cities,research showed their health benefits,scientific evidence of health benefits was shown on TV ads,people got the message from magazine covers and postage stamps,Running—A Popular Form of Sport,Scientific Evidence of Health Benefits,Different Forms of Exercise,Exercise—The Road to Health,Running—A Popular Form of Sport,Scientific Evidence of Health Benefits,Different Forms of Exercise,Exercise—The Road to Health,“reached its lowest level in popularity”,“stopped being popular”,“stopped increasing in popularity”,“become very popular”,“reached its lowest level in popularity”,“stopped being popular”,“stopped increasing in popularity”,“become very popular”

[听力文本资源]The sun-powered aircraft Solar Impulse has finished its next-to-last flight, landing in Egypt’s capital, Cairo.It took off from the Spanish city of Seville at 04:20 a.m. GMT on Monday, taking just over 48 hours to make the trip. Its final stop is Abu Dhabi, where the challenge began in March 2015. The two pilots sharing flying duties will each take one more turn at the controls.Andre Borschberg did the Seville-Cairo stage, flying over the pyramids and the Sphinx at Giza before landing. Bertrand Piccard will complete the challenge by taking Solar Impulse back to the United Arab Emirates in the next few days, depending on the weather. Towards the end of the flight, it was the first time the plane’s battery levels had gone under 30%, mission managers said. They organised to land in Egypt, where they were greeted by the country’s ministers of aviation and energy, in the morning when the winds and temperatures were most favourable.Before taking off from Seville International Airport, Mr. Borschberg said he inevitably felt the emotion of making his last journey in the plane.It crossed seven countries, negotiating some busy air routes.For Mr. Piccard, reaching Egypt is an important milestone for the project he founded.Mr. Piccard and Mr. Borschberg have been working on the Solar Impulse project for more than a decade. Their plane is wider than a 747 jumbo jet but weighs just 2.3 tonnes.[听力文本资源]1. [听力文本资源] What is the news mainly about? [听力文本资源]A) A flight with busy air routes.B) The departure of a sun-powered plane.C) A trip of a zero-fuel plane with low battery level.D) The landing of the sun-powered plane in Cairo. 2. [听力文本资源] Where did the sun-powered plane take off? [听力文本资源]A) Egypt.B) Spain. C) Abu Dhabi.D) United States.3. [听力文本资源] What do we learn about the flight from the news? [听力文本资源]A) It took more than 38 hours to make the trip.B) Andre Borschberg completed the whole flight.C) The flight crossed nine countries.D) The ministers of aviation and energy in Egypt greeted the flight.