He sits down and ______ a rest. （ ）A. havingB. haveC. to haveD. has

He ______for eight hours every day. （ ）A. workingB. to workC. worksD. worked

阅读下面的文字，完成下面小题。材料一： 人们认为防晒系数代表一切。防晒系数的确很重要；它衡量的是防晒霜过滤中波紫外线的能力，中波紫外线与晒伤和皮肤癌有关。但防晒系数仅表示过滤中波紫外线的能力，它并不代表任何防护长波紫外线的能力。 人们对防晒霜最大的误解是抵挡长波紫外线。和中波紫外线一样，长波紫外线也与增加患皮肤癌的风险有关，但与中波紫外线不同的是，长波紫外线完全没有经过臭氧层的过滤。长波紫外线不会导致晒伤，“但会让皮肤变黑老化，因为它能更深入皮肤，对胶原蛋白产生更大影响”。通过查看你的防晒霜产品标识可以判断你的防晒霜是否能够抵挡长波紫外线；这个标识就是“广谱防晒”。如果没有“广谱防晒”的标识，你的防晒霜可能无法抵挡长波紫外线。 防晒霜中的大部分活性成分对中波紫外线具有屏蔽作用，但能屏蔽长波紫外线的成分却很少，只有少数几种成分能同时屏蔽两种紫外线。 防晒系数30意味着，理论上你涂防晒霜后在户外被太阳晒伤的时间是你没涂防晒霜被晒伤的时间的30倍，前提是你一直适当补涂。防晒系数并不是直接反映对紫外线的抵挡能力，而且也不是一个线性关系的指标，所以防晒系数并非越高越好。相反，防晒系数越高的防晒霜使用起来越油腻，厚重，不舒适。（摘自2018年5月17日中国日报网）紫外线分类及特点较深穿透校张 低-|||-与皮肤结构作用-|||-产生黑色素 晒黑[注]UVA是长波，UVB是中波，UVC是短波。材料二： 很多人可能觉得在海边比在内陆更易被晒伤，这是因为海边的紫外线强度更强吗？晴空条件下，到达陆面的太阳紫外线辐射随着太阳高度角的增加而增加，海拔也对紫外线辐射具有重要影响，海拔越高，紫外线辐射强度越强。 海边容易晒黑甚至晒伤的原因可能有以下三个方面；一是海边空气质量较好，阳光在大气中穿透率高；二是海边建筑物，绿荫等遮挡较少；三是皮肤被海水浸泡后，直接暴露在阳光下可能更容易被紫外线侵袭。 在某些阴天情况下，到达地面的紫外线辐射要比晴空的情况下减少30%．一般薄云减弱地面紫外线辐射约35%，厚云减弱地面紫外线辐射可达90%．这并不是说阴天或者多云的情况下就不用防晒，因为高反照率的地表和高反射率的云层的来回内反射可使地面紫外线辐射增加许多倍，所以，阴天也一定要注意防晒。 那么到底应该如何防晒呢？皮肤科专家表示，涂抹防晒霜是目前最好的防晒方法，遮阳伞可以作为防晒霜的补充，但不能取代防晒霜。衣物的防晒效果则取决于面料。能够在夏天户外穿着的长袖衣物大多质地轻薄，有些甚至只是一层网纱或蕾丝，防晒效果差强人意。我们应该养成四季防晒的习惯，尤其是夏天。皮肤敏感的人，可以选择物理防晒霜，或是针对儿童和婴幼儿研发的防晒霜，这些防晒霜质地更温和，不易引发过敏。要根据天气和地带选择SPF值和PA值合适的防晒霜。一般化学防晒霜要在出门前半小时涂抹，之后每两三个小时补涂一次。（摘自2018年4月28日 新华网《五一出游，如何正确防晒？》）（1）下列关于防晒霜和防晒系数相关情况的理解，不正确的一项是 ____ A．防晒霜有物理防晒霜和化学防晒霜，一般化学防晒霜要在出门前半小时涂抹，之后每两三个小时补涂一次。，B．防晒霜中的大部分活性成分对中波紫外线具有屏蔽作用，而标注“广谱防晒”的防晒霜还能抵挡长波紫外线。C．防晒系数表示防晒霜过滤中波紫外线的能力，中波紫外线会导致晒伤，与增加患皮肤癌的风险有关，但防晒系数并非越高越好。D．防晒霜都有防晒系数，防晒系数20意味着你涂防晒霜后在户外被太阳晒伤的时间是你没涂防晒霜被晒伤的时间的20倍。（2）下列对材料相关内容的分析和评价，正确的一项是 ____ A．很多人觉得在海边比在内陆更易被晒黑甚至晒伤，这是因为海边空气质量较好，阳光在大气中穿透率高，海边的紫外线强度更强。B．紫外线中的UVA能与皮肤结构作用，产生黑色素；而UVC的杀菌力极高，但由于几乎完全被大气层滤掉而不能到达地面。C．衣物的面料决定衣服的防晒效果，如夏天户外穿的质地轻薄的长袖衣服，有些甚至只是一层网纱或蕾丝，这种衣物防晒效果很差。D．在一些阴天情况下，一般来说，厚云比薄云更能有效减弱地面的紫外辐射，所以阴天或者多云的情况下就可以不用防晒。（3）怎样正确选择防晒霜？请结合材料简要概括。

American jazz didn't achieve its worldwide popularity until__________ , who's known as the Father of Jazz, organized his "Hot Five" and the "Hot Seven" recording groups to make a famous series of recordings of jazz music.A. Bessie SmithB. Joe "King" OliverC. George GershwinD. Louis Armstrong

Name 2 white blues musicians.A. Elvis Presley and Buddy HollyB. Eric Clapton and Jerry Lee LewisC. Stevie Ray Vaughan and Eric ClaptonD. . Muddy Waters and John Lee Hooker

I see her ____ the room this morning. ( )A. to enterB. enteredC. enterD. enters

What is the finding of the 2012 study in the journal Psychology and Aging?A. Wishing to solve puzzles enhances one's reasoning power.B. Playing number games unexpectedly stimulates one's memory.C. Desiring new experiences can help to renovate the brain.D. Learning new tricks should not be confined to old dogs only.

_________was the first songwriter to win the Nobel Prize in Literature in 2016 “for having created new poetic expressions within the great American song tradition.”A. Woody GuthrieB. Bob DylanC. Joan BaezD. Cat Stevens

阅读下面的文字，完成下面小题。材料一： 人们认为防晒系数代表一切。防晒系数的确很重要；它衡量的是防晒霜过滤中波紫外线的能力，中波紫外线与晒伤和皮肤癌有关。但防晒系数仅表示过滤中波紫外线的能力，它并不代表任何防护长波紫外线的能力。 人们对防晒霜最大的误解是抵挡长波紫外线。和中波紫外线一样，长波紫外线也与增加患皮肤癌的风险有关，但与中波紫外线不同的是，长波紫外线完全没有经过臭氧层的过滤。长波紫外线不会导致晒伤，“但会让皮肤变黑老化，因为它能更深入皮肤，对胶原蛋白产生更大影响”。通过查看你的防晒霜产品标识可以判断你的防晒霜是否能够抵挡长波紫外线；这个标识就是“广谱防晒”。如果没有“广谱防晒”的标识，你的防晒霜可能无法抵挡长波紫外线。 防晒霜中的大部分活性成分对中波紫外线具有屏蔽作用，但能屏蔽长波紫外线的成分却很少，只有少数几种成分能同时屏蔽两种紫外线。 防晒系数30意味着，理论上你涂防晒霜后在户外被太阳晒伤的时间是你没涂防晒霜被晒伤的时间的30倍，前提是你一直适当补涂。防晒系数并不是直接反映对紫外线的抵挡能力，而且也不是一个线性关系的指标，所以防晒系数并非越高越好。相反，防晒系数越高的防晒霜使用起来越油腻，厚重，不舒适。（摘自2018年5月17日中国日报网）紫外线分类及特点这一乾限-|||-几乎所有光 高-|||-都故大气层滤掉 杀菌-|||-280-320-|||-都故大气层滤掉 杀菌 Delta WB-|||-感肤表面-|||-学语加皮壁和装置。节-|||-大多数皮肤伤害,-|||-由UNB引D起 红斑 lt 400-|||-真皮 /A-|||-皮下组织 能较深穿选枝头 低-|||-每夜队结标作用-|||-学生活晒黑[注]UVA是长波，UVB是中波，UVC是短波。材料二： 很多人可能觉得在海边比在内陆更易被晒伤，这是因为海边的紫外线强度更强吗？晴空条件下，到达陆面的太阳紫外线辐射随着太阳高度角的增加而增加，海拔也对紫外线辐射具有重要影响，海拔越高，紫外线辐射强度越强。 海边容易晒黑甚至晒伤的原因可能有以下三个方面；一是海边空气质量较好，阳光在大气中穿透率高；二是海边建筑物，绿荫等遮挡较少；三是皮肤被海水浸泡后，直接暴露在阳光下可能更容易被紫外线侵袭。 在某些阴天情况下，到达地面的紫外线辐射要比晴空的情况下减少30%．一般薄云减弱地面紫外线辐射约35%，厚云减弱地面紫外线辐射可达90%．这并不是说阴天或者多云的情况下就不用防晒，因为高反照率的地表和高反射率的云层的来回内反射可使地面紫外线辐射增加许多倍，所以，阴天也一定要注意防晒。 那么到底应该如何防晒呢？皮肤科专家表示，涂抹防晒霜是目前最好的防晒方法，遮阳伞可以作为防晒霜的补充，但不能取代防晒霜。衣物的防晒效果则取决于面料。能够在夏天户外穿着的长袖衣物大多质地轻薄，有些甚至只是一层网纱或蕾丝，防晒效果差强人意。我们应该养成四季防晒的习惯，尤其是夏天。皮肤敏感的人，可以选择物理防晒霜，或是针对儿童和婴幼儿研发的防晒霜，这些防晒霜质地更温和，不易引发过敏。要根据天气和地带选择SPF值和PA值合适的防晒霜。一般化学防晒霜要在出门前半小时涂抹，之后每两三个小时补涂一次。（摘自2018年4月28日新华网《五一出游，如何正确防晒？》）（1）下列关于防晒霜和防晒系数相关情况的理解，不正确的一项是___A．防晒霜有物理防晒霜和化学防晒霜，一般化学防晒霜要在出门前半小时涂抹，之后每两三个小时补涂一次。，B．防晒霜中的大部分活性成分对中波紫外线具有屏蔽作用，而标注“广谱防晒”的防晒霜还能抵挡长波紫外线。C．防晒系数表示防晒霜过滤中波紫外线的能力，中波紫外线会导致晒伤，与增加患皮肤癌的风险有关，但防晒系数并非越高越好。D．防晒霜都有防晒系数，防晒系数20意味着你涂防晒霜后在户外被太阳晒伤的时间是你没涂防晒霜被晒伤的时间的20倍。（2）下列对材料相关内容的分析和评价，正确的一项是___A．很多人觉得在海边比在内陆更易被晒黑甚至晒伤，这是因为海边空气质量较好，阳光在大气中穿透率高，海边的紫外线强度更强。B．紫外线中的UVA能与皮肤结构作用，产生黑色素；而UVC的杀菌力极高，但由于几乎完全被大气层滤掉而不能到达地面。C．衣物的面料决定衣服的防晒效果，如夏天户外穿的质地轻薄的长袖衣服，有些甚至只是一层网纱或蕾丝，这种衣物防晒效果很差。D．在一些阴天情况下，一般来说，厚云比薄云更能有效减弱地面的紫外辐射，所以阴天或者多云的情况下就可以不用防晒。（3）怎样正确选择防晒霜？请结合材料简要概括。.

单选题根据以下材料，回答题Most of us spend our lives seeking the natural world.To this end, we walk the dog, play golf,go fishing, sit in the garden, drink outside rather than inside the pub, have a picnic, live in the suburbs, go to the seaside, buy a weekend place in the country.The most popular free time activity in Britain is going for a walk.And when joggers (慢跑者) jog, they don't run the streets.Every one of them automatically heads to the park or the river. It is my firm belief that not only do we all need nature, but we all seek nature, whether we know we are doing so or not.But despite this, our children are growing up nature-deprived (丧失). I spent my boyhood climbing trees. These days, children are robbed of these ancient freedoms, due to problems like crime, traffic, the loss of the open spaces and strange new ideas about what is best for children, that is to say, things that can be bought, rather than things that can be found.The truth is to be found elsewhere.A study in the US: families had moved to better housing and the children were assessed for ADHD (多动症). Those whose housing had more natural views showed an improvement of 19%； those who had the same improvement in material surroundings but no nice view improved just 4%.A study in Sweden indicated that kindergarten children who could play in a natural environment had less illness and greater physical ability than children used only to a normal playground. A US study suggested that when a school gave children access to a natural environment, the entire school would do better in studies.Another study found that children play differently in a natural environment. In playgrounds,children create a hierarchy (等级) based on physical abilities, with the tough ones taking the lead.But when a grassy area was planted with bushes, the children got much more into fantasy play, and the social hierarchy was now based on imagination and creativity.Most bullying (恃强凌弱) is found in schools where there is a tarmac (柏油碎石) play- ground； the least bullying is in a natural area that the children are encouraged to explore. This reminds me unpleasantly of Sunnyhill School, with its hard tarmac, where I used to hang about in corners dreaming about wildlife.But children are frequently discouraged from involvement with natural spaces, for health and safety reasons, for fear that they might get dirty or that they might cause damage. So, instead, the damage is done to the children themselves: not to their bodies but to their souls.One of the great problems of modern childhood is ADHD, now increasingly and expensively treated with drugs. Yet one study after another indicates that contact with nature gives huge benefits to ADHD children.However, we spend money on drugs rather than on green places.The life of old people is much better when they have access to nature.The most important for the growing population of old people is in quality rather than quantity of years. And study after study finds that a garden is the single most important thing in finding that quality.In wider and more difficult areas of life, there is evidence to indicate that natural surroundings improve all kinds of things. Even problems with crime and aggressive behaviour are reduced when there is contact with the natural world.Dr William Bird, researcher from the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds, states in his study, "A natural environment can reduce violent behaviour because its process helps reduce anger and behavior that people might regret later." Wild places need encouraging for this reason, no matter how small their contribution.We tend to think human beings are doing nature some kind of favour when we are protecting nature.The error here is far too deep : not only do humans need nature for themselves, but the very i-dea that humanity and the natural world are separable things is damaging.Human beings are a species of animals.For seven million years we lived on the planet as part of nature.So we miss the natural world and long for contact with non-human life.Anyone who has patted a dog, stroked a cat, sat under a tree with a glass of beer, given or received a bunch of flowers or chosen to walk through the park on a nice day, understands that.We need the wild world. It is necessary to our well-being, our health, our happiness. Without other living things around us we are less than human. What is the author's firm belief? A． People seek nature in different ways. B． People should spend most of their lives in the wild. C． People have quite different ideas of nature. D． People must make more efforts to study nature.