We talk continuously about how to make children more"resilient（有恢复力的）"，but whatever were doing， it's not working． Rates of anxiety disorders and depression are rising rapidly among teenagers． What are we doing wrong？ Nassim Taleb invented the word "antifragile" and used it to describe a small but very important class of systems that gain from shocks， challenges， and disorder． The immune system is one of them： it requires exposure to certain kinds of bacteria and potential allergens（过敏源）in childhood in order to develop to its full ability． Children's social and emotional abilities are as antifragile as their immune systems． If we overprotect kids and keep them "safe" from unpleasant social situations and negative emotions we deprive（剥夺）them of the challenges and opportunities for skill-building they need to grow strong． Such children are likely to suffer more when exposed later to other unpleasant but ordinary life events， such as teasing and social rejection． It's not the kids fault． In the UK， as in the US， parents became much more fearful in the 1980s and 1990s as cable TV and later the Internet exposed everyone， more and more， to those rare occurrences of crimes and accidents that now occur less and less， Outdoor play and independent mobility went down； screen time and adult-monitored activities went up． Yet free play in which kids work out their own rules of engagement， take small risks， and learn to master small dangers turns out to be vital for the development of adult social and even physical competence， Depriving them of free play prevents their social-emotional growth． Norwegian play researchers Ellen Sandseter and Leif Kennair warned： "We may observe an increased anxiety or mental disorders in society if children are forbidden from participating in age adequate risky play．" They wrote those words in 2011． Over the following few years， their prediction came true． Kids born after 1994 are suffering from much higher rates of anxiety disorders and depression than the previous generation did． Besides， there is also a rise in the rate at which teenage girls are admitted to hospital for deliberately harming themselves． What can we do to change these trends？ How can we raise kids strong enough to handle the ordinary and extraordinary challenges of life？ We can't guarantee that giving primary school children more independence today will bring down the rate of teenage suicide tomorrow． The links between childhood overprotection and teenage mental illness are suggestive but not clear-cut． Yet there are good reasons to suspect that by depriving our naturally antifragile kids of the wide range of experiences they need to become strong， we are systematically preventing their growth． We should let go-and let them grow．（1）Why does the author mention the immune system in Paragraph 2？ ____ A． To stress its importanceB． To analyze the cause of anxietyC． To question the latest discovery．D． To help understand a new word（2）Parents overprotect children because ____ ．A． they want to keep children from being teasedB． they are concerned about their children's safetyC． parent-monitored activities are a mustD． children are not independent enough（3）According to the author， free play can ____ ．A． develop children' s leadership skillsB． strengthen children' s friendshipC． reduce children's risky behaviorD． promote children's resilience（4）Which of the following does the author probably agree with？ ____ A． Stop trying to perfect your childB． It takes great courage to raise childrenC． Prepare the child for the road， not the road for the child．D． While we try to teach our children all about life， our children teach us what life is all about．

Fans acclaim it for being spicy and straightforward; critics label it shallow and rude. The success of the Taiwanese talk show "KangXi Arrives" has elicited (引出) different responses from audience members: Different from the usual more serious-style talk shows, it's well known for its humorous interviews and relaxed atmosphere. So, what's so great about TV talk shows? The question of whether there's a bottom line for TV shows of this kind has been discussed for a long time. The answer is generally positive, but there's still the question: How much is too much? In places like the US and UK, most TV channels don't bother stopping hosts from using dirty words like the "f word" or "sht" but will beep the words out when the program airs . TV hosts there can talk about almost anything: politics, religion, sex, and whatever. For them, the bottom line is more likely to be the interests of their guests and audiences, rather than whether they've gone too far. If a guest is not comfortable with the jokes or tricks, or if there's complaining from the audience, the host can be in trouble. For example, British host Jonathan Ross, was suspended without pay by the BBC last year. His offense? He left "grossly offensive" voicemail (语音信箱) messages on the answering machine of British actor Andrew Sachs in his radio show. In most cases, the bottom line is "lower" than you might think. On American TV, "freedom of speech" is valued. Big late night TV hosts are known for their bold methods. They're ironic, opinionated (固执己见的), and may push the limits. Surprisingly (or not), audiences are "blamed" for the lower limits. Audiences supposedly expect more and "force" hosts to go further. More than once Dee Hsu has admitted that she does the crazy things on "KangXi Arrives" "all for the rating." To a certain extent, the bottom line should be what the audiences want. And, for those fearless hosts who just don't care, where there's beeping, there's hope .1. The phrase "when the program airs" in Para. 3 can be best replaced by "________."A) when the program is finishedB) when the program is cancelledC) when the program is broadcasted D) when the program is criticized2. The author cites the case of Jonathan Ross to show that ________.A) talk show hosts can do whatever they want.B) talk show hosts do get punished for going too far. C) talk show hosts really enjoy the freedom of speech.D) the audience can do nothing to the hosts.3. Why do some hosts say dirty words or do crazy things in their programs?A) Because they want to punish the guests.B) Because they want to criticize the government.C) Because they want to attract more audience. D) Because they can do whatever they like.4. What does the author mean by "where there's beeping, there's hope" in the last paragraph?A) When there is still a way to control the program, we are hopeful that there is still a limit. B) When there is technical ways to cut the program, we don't have to worry about the bottom line.C) We hope that the hosts will stop speaking when they hear the beeping sound.D) When the hosts give the beeping sound, they will get punished.5. What is the author's attitude towards the low limit for the hosts of TV talk shows?A) He is happy for the freedom of speech they enjoy.B) He is extremely angry when the hosts move beyond the lines.C) He is pessimistic about the audiences' taste.D) He is still hopeful that the limit could be controlled.

After I _, I realized that I had forgotten to tell him about the date of the meeting .A. hanged outB. hung upC. hung awayD. hang on

1. Some components found in lemongrass are said to be able to help relax muscles, ___ sleep, and lower anxiety levels.A. convinceB. induceC. persuadeD. urge

There has been an undeniable shift in focus from interpersonal to digital communication after the rise of the Internet. This shift in preferences has led to a general loss of the personal connection and introduced the development of face-to-face interactions.Why interpersonal skills are still relevant and effective? Millennials are often criticized for lacking effective critical thinking and interpersonal skills. Because of this, embracing face-to-face interactions and communicating in a concise and effective manner are great ways for young professionals to stand out in the workplace.Workplaces across industries are adopting more cooperative, team-centered environments. Even if you're doing work online, you're still expected to interact with colleagues, bosses or clients to some degree. While emails and social media posts are quick and easy ways to receive and send messages to other people, face-to-face interactions help make deeper and more meaningful connections with others.Developing effective interpersonal skills is something that you can do at any point during your career. The trick is recognizing the importance of these skills and consciously working to develop them. One of the easiest habits to adopt is maintaining eye contact with the people you are speaking to. This shows the other person that you are paying attention to what they are saying and that you're not distracted by your inbox or phone. This not only makes the other person feel more valued, but also helps you better understand their message.While engaged in conversation with others, sometimes saying less is more. Most people enter conversations with the intention of interjecting their opinion whenever possible. Learning how to listen to hear rather than listen to respond can help you further comprehend what the other person is saying and also gives them the opportunity to fully develop their idea. While interpersonal and digital communication may seem to contradict each other, using them together can help you become the most effective communicator possible.What happens to face-to-face communication in the age of the Internet?

5. The boy went ___ his homework to make sure nothing was missed and then started to watch TV.A. acrossB. throughC. alongD. on

Many of the world’s most people were once successful failures. Here are the stories of a few of them. Abraham Lincoln(1809-1865) Abraham Lincoln was one of America’s greatest leaders, taking the country through the Civil War(from 1860 to 1865). However, his life was never easy. He started numerous businesses that failed, he went bankrupt twice, and was defeated in 26 campaigns for public office. He later said, “My great concern is not whether you have failed, but whether you are content with your failure.” Vincent Van Gogh(1853-1890) Van Gogh is one of the most famous and influential painters in the history of Western Art. He’s renowned for paintings such as The Starry Night. The potato Eaters and Sunflowers. However, during his lifetime, Van Gogh sold only one painting for a very small amount of money. Despite this, he carried on painting, something even going without food so he could complete his collection of over 800 known works. Albert Einstein(1879-1955) Albert Einstein won the Noble Prize in Physics in 1921. However, he wasn’t always considered a “genius”. He didn’t speak until he was four, and couldn’t read until he was seven. His teachers and parents thought he as slow, so he was expelled from school and couldn’t get into the Zurich Polytechnic School. He later famously said, “Success is failure in progress.” Stephen King(born 1947) Stephen King is one of the best-selling authors of all time, but his first book, Carrie, was rejected by about 30 publishers. Eventually, Stephen threw it in the bin, but his wife fished it out and encouraged him to resubmit it, which he did…successfully this time! 1. Which statement is true about Abraham Lincoln? A. He led the American War of Independence B. He never succeeded in his business C. He was full of courage and perseverance D. He is the greatest president of the United States 2. Who became famous all over the world after his death? A. Albert Einstein B. Vincent Van Gogh C. Albert Einstein D. Stephen King 3. What was the most likely reason for Albert Einstein’s dropping out of school? A. He was too slow to learn B. He couldn’t speak or read C. His teacher thought he was stupid D. He didn’t obey the school rules 4. What do these people have in common? A. They are all Americans B. They are known for their writings C. They were born in the same century D. They all suffered failure before they succeeded

Many people think of nail biting as a nervous habit, but the driving force may not be anxiety. Accumulating evidence shows that people who keep bite their nails, picking their skin or pulling their hair are often perfectionists, and their actions may help soothe boredom, irritation(恼怒) and dissatisfaction.As many as one in 20 people suffer from body-focused repetitive disorders, engaging in behaviors such as biting their nails or plucking out hair until they damage their appearance or cause themselves pain. These disorders are distantly related to obsessive-compulsive disorder(强迫症).A new study in England adds evidence to a theory that perfectionism, rather than anxiety, is at the root of these behaviors. The researchers first surveyed 48 participants, half of whom scored as organizational perfectionists, showing a tendency to overplan, overwork themselves and get frustrated quickly without high levels of performance.Researchers then put the participants in situations designed to provoke four different emotions: to incite(激发) stress, they showed a movie of a plane crash; to promote relaxation, they showed a movie of waves; to elicit(引发) frustration, they presented a difficult puzzle but said it was easy; and to evoke (引起) boredom, they made participants sit in a room alone. People who were perfectionists engaged in the body-focused behaviors during all the situations except the relaxing movie.The work indicates that stress is far from the only cause of these compulsions. Boredom and frustration may be more important triggers. Past research suggests that the biting or scratching indeed makes people feel better temporarily——perhaps satisfying the perfectionist urge to be doing something rather than nothing. After the initial relief, however, comes pain, shame and embarrassment.The findings could help therapists treat patients who suffer from the disorders; studies have shown that these types of perfectionist beliefs and behaviors can be eased with cognitive-behavior therapy. If patients can learn to think and act differently when tension builds, they may be able to stop the urge before it starts.Which statement is true about body-focused repetitive disorders?A. This condition mainly affects perfectionists when they feel anxious.B. Nail biting and hair plucking are frequently associated with this condition.C. People who suffer from this condition intend to damage their bodies.D. This condition has a close relationship to obsessive-compulsive disorder.