联合国志愿人员组织的英文简写是( )A. UVB. UVNC. UNVD. UNVO

The mother didn’t know who （）for the broken glass.A. blamedB. be blamedC. to blameD. would blame

Social media can be a powerful communication tool for employees, helping them to collaborate, share ideas and solve problems. Research has shown that 82% of employees think social media can improve work relationships and 60% believe it can support decision-making processes. These beliefs contribute to a majority of workers connecting with colleagues on social media, even during work hours.Employers typically worry that social media is a productivity killer; more than half of U.S. employers reportedly block access to social media at work. In my research with 277 employees of a healthcare organization I found these concerns to be misguided. Social media doesn’t reduce productivity nearly as much as it kills employee retention.In the first part of the study I surveyed the employees about why and how they used platforms like Facebook, Twitter, or LinkedIn. Respondents were then asked about their work behaviors, including whether they felt motivated in their jobs and showed initiative at work. I found employees who engage in online social interactions with co-workers through social media blogs tend to be more motivated and come up with innovative ideas. But when employees interact with individuals outside the organization, they are less motivated and show less initiative.In the second part of the study I found 76% of employees using social media for work took an interest in other organizations they found on social media. When I examined how respondents expressed openness to new careers and employers, I found that they engaged in some key activities including researching new organizations and making new work connections.These findings present a dilemma for managers: employees using social media at work are more engaged and more productive, but they are also more likely to leave your company. Managers should implement solutions that neutralize the retention risk caused by social media.They can create social media groups in which employees will be more likely to collaborate and less likely to share withdrawal intentions or discussions about external job opportunities. Managers can also use social media to directly reduce turnover (跳槽) intentions, by recognizing employees’ accomplishments and giving visibility to employees’ success stories.1. What does previous research about social media reveal?A. Most employees think positively of it.B. It improves employees’ work efficiency.C. It enables employees to form connections.D. Employees spend much of their work time on it.2. What did the author’s own research find about social media?A. It influences employees’ work negatively.B. It does much harm to employee loyalty.C. It kills employees’ motivation for work.D. It affects employers’ decision-making.3. What did the author find in his study about the effect of online social interactions?A. It differs from employee to employee.B. It tends to vary with the platform used.C. It has much to do with whom employees interact with.

Wild elephants can distinguish between human languages, and they can tell whether a voice comes from a man, woman or boy, a new study says. That’s what researchers found when they played recordings of people for elephants in Kenya. Scientists say this is an advanced thinking skill that other animals haven’t shown. It lets elephants figure out who is a threat and who isn’t. The result shows that while humans are studying elephants, the clever animals are also studying people and drawing on their famed powers of memory, said study author Karen McComb. "Basically they have developed this very rich knowledge of the humans that they share their habitat with," said McComb, a professor of animal behaviour and cognition at the University of Sussex in England. "Memory is key. They must build up that knowledge somehow." The study was released Monday in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. It’s close but not quite like the Dr. Seuss book, where the empathetic elephant Horton hears something that others can’t hear. McComb and colleagues went to Amboseli National Park in Kenya, where hundreds of wild elephants live among humans, sometimes coming in conflict over scarce water. The scientists used voice recordings of Maasai men, who on occasion kill elephants in confrontations over grazing for cattle, and Kamba men, who are less of a threat to the elephants. By about a two-to-one margin, the elephants reacted defensively—retreating and gathering in a bunch—more to the Maasai language recording because it was associated with the more threatening human tribe, said study co-author Graeme Shannon of Colorado State University. "They are making such a fine-level discrimination using human language skills," Shannon said. "They’re able to acquire quite detailed knowledge. The only way of doing this is with an exceptionally large brain." They repeated the experiment with recordings of Maasai men and women. Since women almost never spear elephants, the animals reacted less to the women’s voices. The same thing happened when they substituted young boys’ voices. "Making this kind of fine distinctions in human voice patterns is quite remarkable," said Emory University animal cognition expert Frans de Waal, who was not part of the study. 1 What can we know about the ability to distinguish between human languages? A Scientists believe it is unique to humans. B Animals have learnt such ability from humans. C No animal except wild elephants has developed it. D Studies show that wild animals are born with such ability. 2 Which of the following is not true about the study mentioned in the passage? A It shows wild elephants can hear something that others can’t hear. B It was conducted in Amboseli National Park in Kenya. C It involved playing recordings of people for wild elephants. D It was made public in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 3 Who were the people taking part in the study? A Frans de Waal and Karen McComb. B Graeme Shannon and Frans de Waal. C Dr. Seuss and Graeme Shannon. D Karen McComb and Graeme Shannon. 4 How did the elephants feel of young Maasai boys’ voices? A They are extremely exciting. B They are very depressing. C They are less threatening. D They are gentle and kind. 5 What can wild elephants benefit from their special ability? A Identify and avoid possible danger. B Evolve much faster than any other animals. C Have a better understanding of humans. D Develop their language skills.

Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage . Read the passage through carefully before making your choices . Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter . Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once . The things people make, and the way they make them, determine how cities grow and decline, and influence how empires rise and fall. So, any disruption to the world's factories 1 . And that disruption is surely coming. Factories are being digitised, filled with new sensors and new computers to make them quicker, more 2 , and more efficient. Robots are breaking free from the cages that surround them, learning new skills and new ways of working. And 3D printers have long 3 a world where you can make anything, anywhere, from a computerised design. That vision is 4 closer to reality. These forces will lead to cleaner factories, producing better goods at lower prices, personalised to our individual needs and desires. Humans will be 5 many of the dirty, repetitive, and dangerous jobs that have long been a 6 of factory life. Greater efficiency 7 means fewer people can do the same work. Yet factory bosses in many developed countries are worried about a lack of skilled human workers- and see 8 and robots as a solution. But economist Helena Leurent says this period of rapid change in manufacturing is a 9 opportunity to make the world a better place.“Manufacturing is the one system where you have got the biggest source of innovation, the biggest source of economic growth, and the biggest source of great jobs in the past. You can see it changing. That's an opportunity to 10 that system differently, and if we can, it will have tremendous significance.”A) automation F) feature K) mattersB) concerns G) flexible L) movingC) enormously H) inevitably M) promisedD) fantastic I) interaction N) shapeE) fascinated J) leaning O) spared

News 2 Questions 3 and 4 will be based on the following news item.A. It didn't do enough to celebrate the 100th anniversary of WWI.B. It showed little respect to other European countries.C. It tended to focus on the crimes of WWI.D. It tried to deny the crimes committed by the Nazis.

On June 17，1774，the officials from Maryland and Virginia held a talk with the Indians of the Six Nations.The Indians were invited to send boys to William and Mary College.In a letter the next day they refused the offer as follows： We know that you have a high opinion of the kind of learning taught in your colleges，and that the costs of living of our young men，while with you，would be very expensive to you.We are convinced that you mean to do us good by your proposal；and we thank you heartily.But you must know that different nations have different ways of looking at things，and you will therefore not be offended if our ideas of this kind of education happen not to be the same as yours.We have had some experience of it.Several of our young people were formerly brought up at the college of the northern provinces：they were taught all your sciences；but when they came back to us，they were bad manners，ignorant of every means of living in the woods - they were totally good for nothing. We are，however，not the less obliged by your kind offer，though we refuse to accept it；and，to show our grateful sense of it，if the gentlemen of Virginia will send us a dozen of their sons，we will take care of their education，teach them all we know，and make men of them.（1）The passage is about ____ .A.the talk between the Indians and the officialsB.the colleges of the northern provincesC the educational values of the IndiansD.the problems of the Americans in the mid-eighteen century（2）The Indian chief's purpose of writing the letter seems to be to ____ .A.politely refuse a friendly offerB.express their opinions on equal treatmentC.show their prideD.describe Indian customs（3）According to the letter，the Indians believed that ____ .A.it would be better for their boys to receive some schoolingB.they were being insulted by the offerC.they knew more about science than the officialsD.they had better way of educating young men（4）Different from the officials' view of education，the Indians thought ____ .A.young women should also be educatedB.they had different goals of educationC.they taught different branches of scienceD.they should teach the sons of the officials first

So there you are on the phone, you ask a question, and suddenly there's silence． What is this, the phone's gone dead, the person you're talking to is dead? Possibly． But there could be another reason — the other person could be Finnish, or Japanese．According to a handy new booklet from British Telecom (BT) for business people, in countries such as Britain and Italy "conversation is a form of entertainment． There is a continuous flow of talk．．．"． But in other countries especially Finland and Japan, "it is not only impolite to break in, but listeners will think over what has been said in silence"．It also points out that English, when spoken by foreigners, is likely to include plenty of "false friends", where word-for-word translation fails． If a Frenchman says something is "interesting", he probably means it's profitable．If he "demands" something, he's actually just asking． If an American says your proposal is "quite good", you should be pleased, because "quite" means "very"． But if he tells you to "table" a proposal, then things are not good at all． Whereas an English person would understand tabling a proposal as putting an idea forward, to an American it means shelves it．According to the booklet, British people are not "explicit" like the Americans, the Dutch, the Germans or the French． "If a Dutchman says an idea is interesting, he means that it is interesting． If an Englishman says it is interesting, you have to deduce (推论) from the way he says it whether he means it is a good or a bad idea．"The Japanese, the Russians and the Arabs on the other hand, live in the land of true dioplomatic subtlety(微妙)．"If they say an idea is interesting, it may simply be out of politeness"．It is safest to stick with plain speaking whenever possible, BT advises its British readers． And whatever you do, be careful to limit the use of the famous British sense of humor．【小题1】When someone says that an idea is interesting, who don't really mean it?A.The Dutch．B.The French．C.The British．D.The Japanese．【小题2】While speaking in English, a foreigner seems .A.to use the words "false friends" quite oftenB.to have a strong foreign accentC.to have difficulty in expressing himself clearlyD.to keep on forgetting English words【小题3】We may learn from the passage that the best thing to do while talking to others, especially to foreigners, is to . A.speak as a diplomatB.be fully aware of culture differenceC.speak with a sense of humorD.avoid being somewhat entertaining

This plan couldn t help, _ again, it probably couldn t hurt A ) rather B ) however C) on the other side D ) but then

Fill in the blanks with words or phrases from the box below . Change the form where necessary . awkward,blog, cable ,capture , craft ,crash, emotional, nest, solo, be obsessed with, but then, by one’s side, for once, in the form of, run through ,settle down, in total . 1 Accidentally the whole incident was ____ by a young American photographer . 0 . Those who had been kidnapped ( 绑架 ) described how they were scared and in physical and ___ pain . 5 It was not long before help arrived ___ ten police officers.