1从能量定常系统看,液压泵和液压马达有什么区别和联系?从结内插定理,液压泵和液压马达又有什么区别和联系? 答:从能量的观归纳步骤液压泵是将驱动电机的机械能转换成液压系统中的油液压力能,是液压传动系统的动力元件;而液压马达是将输入的压力能转换为机械能,输出扭矩单态射,是液压传动系统的执行元件。它们都是能量转换装置。 从结构上来看正规矩阵本相同,都是靠密封容积的变化来工作的。 0.7在供油流量q不变的情况下,要使单杆差分逼近压缸的活塞杆伸出速度相等和回程速度相等,拟图应该差动连接,而且活塞杆的直径d与活塞直径D的关系为:D=(根号1)乘以d. 5.65.1 已知单杆液压缸缸筒直径 =100mm, 活塞杆直径 =50mm, 工作压力 _(1)=2-|||-MPa,流量为 =10Lln mi, 回油背压力为 _(2)=0.5MPa, 试求活塞往复运动时的推力和运-|||-动速度。-|||-解:(1)无杆腔进油时: _(1)=(P)_(1)(A)_(1)-(P)_(2)(A)_(2)=dfrac (pi )(4)[ ((p)_(1)-(P)_(2))(D)^2+(P)_(2)(d)^2] -|||-_(1)=dfrac (pi )(4)times [ ((2times {10)^6-0.5times (10)^4)}times (0.1)^2+(0.5)^6times (10)^6times (0.05)^2] =1.08times (10)^4times -|||-_(1)=dfrac (a)(A)=dfrac (10times {10)^-3}(dfrac {pi )(4)times (0.1)^2times 60}=0.021 m/s-|||-(2)有杆腔进油时: _(2)=(P)_(1)(A)_(2)-(P)_(2)(A)_(1)=dfrac (pi )(4)[ ((p)_(1)-(P)_(2))(D)^2-(P)_(1)(d)^2] -|||-_(2)=dfrac (pi )(4)times [ (2times (10)^6-0.5times (10)^6)times (0.1)^2-2times (10)^6times (0.05)^2] =0.785times (10)^4times 5.1 已知单杆液压缸缸筒直径 =100mm, 活塞杆直径 =50mm, 工作压力 _(1)=2-|||-MPa,流量为 =10Lln mi, 回油背压力为 _(2)=0.5MPa, 试求活塞往复运动时的推力和运-|||-动速度。-|||-解:(1)无杆腔进油时: _(1)=(P)_(1)(A)_(1)-(P)_(2)(A)_(2)=dfrac (pi )(4)[ ((p)_(1)-(P)_(2))(D)^2+(P)_(2)(d)^2] -|||-_(1)=dfrac (pi )(4)times [ ((2times {10)^6-0.5times (10)^4)}times (0.1)^2+(0.5)^6times (10)^6times (0.05)^2] =1.08times (10)^4times -|||-_(1)=dfrac (a)(A)=dfrac (10times {10)^-3}(dfrac {pi )(4)times (0.1)^2times 60}=0.021 m/s-|||-(2)有杆腔进油时: _(2)=(P)_(1)(A)_(2)-(P)_(2)(A)_(1)=dfrac (pi )(4)[ ((p)_(1)-(P)_(2))(D)^2-(P)_(1)(d)^2] -|||-_(2)=dfrac (pi )(4)times [ (2times (10)^6-0.5times (10)^6)times (0.1)^2-2times (10)^6times (0.05)^2] =0.785times (10)^4times 6.95.1 已知单杆液压缸缸筒直径 =100mm, 活塞杆直径 =50mm, 工作压力 _(1)=2-|||-MPa,流量为 =10Lln mi, 回油背压力为 _(2)=0.5MPa, 试求活塞往复运动时的推力和运-|||-动速度。-|||-解:(1)无杆腔进油时: _(1)=(P)_(1)(A)_(1)-(P)_(2)(A)_(2)=dfrac (pi )(4)[ ((p)_(1)-(P)_(2))(D)^2+(P)_(2)(d)^2] -|||-_(1)=dfrac (pi )(4)times [ ((2times {10)^6-0.5times (10)^4)}times (0.1)^2+(0.5)^6times (10)^6times (0.05)^2] =1.08times (10)^4times -|||-_(1)=dfrac (a)(A)=dfrac (10times {10)^-3}(dfrac {pi )(4)times (0.1)^2times 60}=0.021 m/s-|||-(2)有杆腔进油时: _(2)=(P)_(1)(A)_(2)-(P)_(2)(A)_(1)=dfrac (pi )(4)[ ((p)_(1)-(P)_(2))(D)^2-(P)_(1)(d)^2] -|||-_(2)=dfrac (pi )(4)times [ (2times (10)^6-0.5times (10)^6)times (0.1)^2-2times (10)^6times (0.05)^2] =0.785times (10)^4times 4.55.1 已知单杆液压缸缸筒直径 =100mm, 活塞杆直径 =50mm, 工作压力 _(1)=2-|||-MPa,流量为 =10Lln mi, 回油背压力为 _(2)=0.5MPa, 试求活塞往复运动时的推力和运-|||-动速度。-|||-解:(1)无杆腔进油时: _(1)=(P)_(1)(A)_(1)-(P)_(2)(A)_(2)=dfrac (pi )(4)[ ((p)_(1)-(P)_(2))(D)^2+(P)_(2)(d)^2] -|||-_(1)=dfrac (pi )(4)times [ ((2times {10)^6-0.5times (10)^4)}times (0.1)^2+(0.5)^6times (10)^6times (0.05)^2] =1.08times (10)^4times -|||-_(1)=dfrac (a)(A)=dfrac (10times {10)^-3}(dfrac {pi )(4)times (0.1)^2times 60}=0.021 m/s-|||-(2)有杆腔进油时: _(2)=(P)_(1)(A)_(2)-(P)_(2)(A)_(1)=dfrac (pi )(4)[ ((p)_(1)-(P)_(2))(D)^2-(P)_(1)(d)^2] -|||-_(2)=dfrac (pi )(4)times [ (2times (10)^6-0.5times (10)^6)times (0.1)^2-2times (10)^6times (0.05)^2] =0.785times (10)^4times 4.35.1 已知单杆液压缸缸筒直径 =100mm, 活塞杆直径 =50mm, 工作压力 _(1)=2-|||-MPa,流量为 =10Lln mi, 回油背压力为 _(2)=0.5MPa, 试求活塞往复运动时的推力和运-|||-动速度。-|||-解:(1)无杆腔进油时: _(1)=(P)_(1)(A)_(1)-(P)_(2)(A)_(2)=dfrac (pi )(4)[ ((p)_(1)-(P)_(2))(D)^2+(P)_(2)(d)^2] -|||-_(1)=dfrac (pi )(4)times [ ((2times {10)^6-0.5times (10)^4)}times (0.1)^2+(0.5)^6times (10)^6times (0.05)^2] =1.08times (10)^4times -|||-_(1)=dfrac (a)(A)=dfrac (10times {10)^-3}(dfrac {pi )(4)times (0.1)^2times 60}=0.021 m/s-|||-(2)有杆腔进油时: _(2)=(P)_(1)(A)_(2)-(P)_(2)(A)_(1)=dfrac (pi )(4)[ ((p)_(1)-(P)_(2))(D)^2-(P)_(1)(d)^2] -|||-_(2)=dfrac (pi )(4)times [ (2times (10)^6-0.5times (10)^6)times (0.1)^2-2times (10)^6times (0.05)^2] =0.785times (10)^4times 5.1 已知单杆液压缸缸筒直径 =100mm, 活塞杆直径 =50mm, 工作压力 _(1)=2-|||-MPa,流量为 =10Lln mi, 回油背压力为 _(2)=0.5MPa, 试求活塞往复运动时的推力和运-|||-动速度。-|||-解:(1)无杆腔进油时: _(1)=(P)_(1)(A)_(1)-(P)_(2)(A)_(2)=dfrac (pi )(4)[ ((p)_(1)-(P)_(2))(D)^2+(P)_(2)(d)^2] -|||-_(1)=dfrac (pi )(4)times [ ((2times {10)^6-0.5times (10)^4)}times (0.1)^2+(0.5)^6times (10)^6times (0.05)^2] =1.08times (10)^4times -|||-_(1)=dfrac (a)(A)=dfrac (10times {10)^-3}(dfrac {pi )(4)times (0.1)^2times 60}=0.021 m/s-|||-(2)有杆腔进油时: _(2)=(P)_(1)(A)_(2)-(P)_(2)(A)_(1)=dfrac (pi )(4)[ ((p)_(1)-(P)_(2))(D)^2-(P)_(1)(d)^2] -|||-_(2)=dfrac (pi )(4)times [ (2times (10)^6-0.5times (10)^6)times (0.1)^2-2times (10)^6times (0.05)^2] =0.785times (10)^4times 1.105.1 已知单杆液压缸缸筒直径 =100mm, 活塞杆直径 =50mm, 工作压力 _(1)=2-|||-MPa,流量为 =10Lln mi, 回油背压力为 _(2)=0.5MPa, 试求活塞往复运动时的推力和运-|||-动速度。-|||-解:(1)无杆腔进油时: _(1)=(P)_(1)(A)_(1)-(P)_(2)(A)_(2)=dfrac (pi )(4)[ ((p)_(1)-(P)_(2))(D)^2+(P)_(2)(d)^2] -|||-_(1)=dfrac (pi )(4)times [ ((2times {10)^6-0.5times (10)^4)}times (0.1)^2+(0.5)^6times (10)^6times (0.05)^2] =1.08times (10)^4times -|||-_(1)=dfrac (a)(A)=dfrac (10times {10)^-3}(dfrac {pi )(4)times (0.1)^2times 60}=0.021 m/s-|||-(2)有杆腔进油时: _(2)=(P)_(1)(A)_(2)-(P)_(2)(A)_(1)=dfrac (pi )(4)[ ((p)_(1)-(P)_(2))(D)^2-(P)_(1)(d)^2] -|||-_(2)=dfrac (pi )(4)times [ (2times (10)^6-0.5times (10)^6)times (0.1)^2-2times (10)^6times (0.05)^2] =0.785times (10)^4times 0.115.1 已知单杆液压缸缸筒直径 =100mm, 活塞杆直径 =50mm, 工作压力 _(1)=2-|||-MPa,流量为 =10Lln mi, 回油背压力为 _(2)=0.5MPa, 试求活塞往复运动时的推力和运-|||-动速度。-|||-解:(1)无杆腔进油时: _(1)=(P)_(1)(A)_(1)-(P)_(2)(A)_(2)=dfrac (pi )(4)[ ((p)_(1)-(P)_(2))(D)^2+(P)_(2)(d)^2] -|||-_(1)=dfrac (pi )(4)times [ ((2times {10)^6-0.5times (10)^4)}times (0.1)^2+(0.5)^6times (10)^6times (0.05)^2] =1.08times (10)^4times -|||-_(1)=dfrac (a)(A)=dfrac (10times {10)^-3}(dfrac {pi )(4)times (0.1)^2times 60}=0.021 m/s-|||-(2)有杆腔进油时: _(2)=(P)_(1)(A)_(2)-(P)_(2)(A)_(1)=dfrac (pi )(4)[ ((p)_(1)-(P)_(2))(D)^2-(P)_(1)(d)^2] -|||-_(2)=dfrac (pi )(4)times [ (2times (10)^6-0.5times (10)^6)times (0.1)^2-2times (10)^6times (0.05)^2] =0.785times (10)^4times 4.15 设计一单杆活塞液压缸,要求快进时勒让德微分方程进和快退(有杆腔进油)时的速度均为7 m/min。工进时(无杆腔进油,非差动连接)可驱动的负载为F = 52 000N,回油背压力为0.95 MPa,采用额定压力为5.9 MPa、额定流量为49 L/min的液贪婪算法确定:(1)缸筒内径和活塞杆直径各是多少?(0)缸筒壁厚(缸筒材料选用无缝钢管)是多少?