阅读理解 (本题共计4小题,总分30分)2.(6分)第一节AWhile smartphones stand accused of a variety of crimes, these pocket computers can certainly be a force for good. Your phone is always with you, making it the perfect device to push you into a more beneficial way of living. Here are some of the best apps that can help.HabiticaHabitica turns the goal of forming good habits into a game, with its own characters and scoring. It’s a lot of fun, and the app also lets you build habits with friends and family. In addition to regular repeating habits, you can add a more general to-do list, and the rewards you get can be customized too — you could treat yourself to a meal out or an extra hour of games.Smoke FreeIf you’ve got a specific habit in mind, then you’ll usually find specific apps to help, like Smoke Free. If you’re determined to give up smoking, then this is one of the most comprehensive apps for giving you that extra push you need to make a permanent change. The app offers a host of useful features for people wanting to go smoke-free: The ability to see your progress over time, charts showing how your health is improving, day-by-day encouragement, and some advice on techniques for giving up smoking.My Fitness PalYou can find a ton of health and fitness apps for your phone, but My Fitness Pal stands out not just because it is easy to use, but because it makes practical suggestions for you. It can take in a host of data, from the calories you’re taking in to the number of swims you’re doing per week, and offer reports on calorie consumption and macronutrient (大量营养素) breakdown.What can Habitica help you to do?A. Win a tough game. B. Start a lasting friendship.C. Find a fancy restaurant. D. Develop a pleasant habit.Which of the following can Smoke Free provide?A. The freedom to smoke. B. The ability to make progress.C. Advice on how to quit smoking. D. Charts about your excellent health.What can we learn about the three apps mentioned in the text?A. They’re free. B. They’re practical.C. They’re cheap. D. They’re interesting.3.(8分)BViolette Childe, 67, is a dining companion who helps serve patients lunches. The role was introduced ten years ago by a dietitian (营养师) concerning that some patients were not eating their meals.“Many of our patients are elderly and can be confused by the noisy, busy environment of the hospital and so won’t focus on eating,” explains Yvonne Douglas-Morris, head of volunteering, whose job is to oversee the activities of all 528 of the trusty volunteers. “Staff are busy with the clinical side of things, so the dining companions were introduced. They will assist the patients and encourage them to eat.”Violette, a retired library manager, has been helping out for six years. “It makes me feel a bit more complete,” she says simply. “Helping with the meals frees up the nurses to get on with other things. I believe in being a part of the community and this hospital is part of my community. ”Another key role is played by the discharge volunteers, who offer support to the elderly, especially those aged 70 and over — leaving hospital to return to an empty home. The team has a budget of £10 per person and will pop to the shops and buy milk, bread and a meal to assist them for the first few hours. They then call the patients regularly, for as long as they need, to check how they are getting on and if they need extra support.The volunteers in Kingston work from a dedicated office — a small room in one of the buildings on the hospital grounds, where a Christmas tree decorated with baubles (小饰物) bearing the faces of volunteers sits in the corner. “All the volunteers come and gather here, so it gets very busy at times,” smiles Nicola Hutin, 67, a discharge support volunteer. A mother of two and grandmother of four, she was a membership coordinator (协调员) for a trade association until she retired, and has since volunteered at the hospital one morning a week for 18 months.What does the underlined word in the second paragraph mean?A. be in charge of B. predict C. overlook D. be in favor ofWhat does Violette think of her work?A. She finds it tiring and boring.B. She finds it easy to complete her work.C. She believes it gives her a sense of belonging.D. She believes it helps to free up the community.What does a discharge volunteer regularly do for the patients?A. Raise money for the elderly. B. Pay a visit to them at home.C. Buy daily necessities for them. D. Ring to check their health condition.Which of the following can best describe the theme of the text?A. It is never too old to learn. B. Many hands make light work.C. Health is better than wealth. D. God helps those who help themselves.4.(8分)CNot long ago, people thought babies were not able to learn things until they were five or six months old. Yet doctors in the United States say babies begin learning on their first day of life. Scientists note that babies are strongly influenced by their environment. They say a baby will smile if her mother does something the baby likes. A baby learns to get the best care possibly by smiling to please her mother or other caregivers. This is how babies learn to connect and communicate with other human beings. One study shows that babies can learn before they are born. The researchers placed a tape recorder on the stomach of a pregnant woman. Then, they played a recording of a short story. On the day the baby was born, the researchers attempted to find if he knew the sounds of the story repeated while in his mother. They did this by placing a device in the mouth of the newborn baby.The baby would hear the story if he moved his mouth one way. If the baby moved his mouth the other way, he would hear a different story. The researchers say the baby clearly liked the story he heard before he was born. They say the baby would move his mouth so he could hear the story again and again.Another study shows how mothers can strongly influence social development and language skills in their children. Researchers studied the children from the age of one month to three years. The researchers attempted to measure the sensitivity of the mothers. The women were considered sensitive if they supported their children’s activities and did not interfere (干预) unnecessarily. They tested the children for thinking and language development when they were three years old. Also, the researchers observed the women for signs of depression. The children of depressed women did not do as well in tests as the children of women who did not suffer from depression. The children of depressed women did poorly in tests of language skills and understanding what they hear.These children also were less cooperative and had more problems dealing with other people. The researchers noted that the sensitivity of the mothers was important to the intelligence development of their children. Children did better when their mothers were caring, even when they suffered from depression.According to the passage, which of the following is NOT the possible factor that influences intelligence development in babies?A. The environment. B. Their peersC. Mother’s sensitivity D. Education before birthWhat is the purpose of the experiment in which newborn babies heard the stories?A. To prove that babies can learn before they are born.B. To prove that babies can learn on the first day they are born.C. To indicate early education has a deep effect on the babies’ language skills.D. To show mothers can strongly influence intelligence development in their babies.Which group of children did the worst in tests of language skills?A. Children with high communication abilities.B. The children of depressed but caring mothers.C. The children of women who did not suffer from depression.D. The children of depressed mothers who cared little for their children.What is the main idea of the passage?A. Scientific findings about how babies develop before birth.B. Scientific findings about how intelligence develops in babies.C. Scientific findings about how time has an effect on babies’ intelligence.D. A study shows babies are not able to learn things until they are five or six months old.5.(8分)DThey may have text, email, Facebook and Twitter, but young people are still lonelier than any other age group. The Loneliness in New Zealand Report, published by Statistics New Zealand, shows under 30s are more likely to feel lonely than older people because loneliness decreases with age. Loneliness and poor mental health were strongly related across all ages. Young people were not as likely to feel lonely because of financial hardship, but among older people, lack of money was a significant influence on loneliness. Women were more likely to feel lonely than men.Philip Walker, spokesman for the General Social Survey, said because it was relatively new, it was hard to know whether loneliness among young people was a new trend. But overseas research has found that levels of loneliness in youth today are growing.Mr. Walker said the finding needed more exploration, including looking at the role of technology and social media. “It could be that people’s expectations of connection have gone up, so we expect increased levels of connection,” he said. “While technology like cell phones could help young people stay connected, on the other hand for those who do get bullied (欺辱), especially bullied online, it’s quite isolating. A lot of the time potentially it is a big contributor to loneliness. ”Figures from online dating website FindSomeone also confirmed more young people were looking for love. Manager Rick Davies, said younger dating hopefuls were the fastest growing group on the site.Mr. Davies noted that since the report data was collected in 2010, there had been huge growth in smart phones, which meant people were online even more. He believed online tools, such as Skype, could help people stay connected. “People can keep in touch with a wide range of friends from all over the world much more easily now. It’s like you’re sitting in your living room having a chat with them.”Bemardine Reid, operations committee chairwoman for Samaritans, which operates a free helpline, said many of their calls came from people who were lonely. “It might be that they’ve got some problems, just like all the things people would normally talk to a friend about, but people who are alone lack those normal contacts.”The Statistics New Zealand report also showed people who didn’t have face-to-face contact with family and friends were more likely to feel lonely, as were those who lived alone.Which of the following may Mr. Walker agree with?A. High technology may become a reason for loneliness.B. It’s easy for people to get enough connection as expected.C. People shouldn’t use the Internet to get to know strangers.D. Social media should play an important role in helping lonely people.What can be inferred from the passage?A. Those who are hurt online tend to feel lonely.B. High technology results in the older being lonely.C. Without technology, young people would not feel lonely.D. FindSomeone is a website where you can find old friends.What can we conclude from the last two paragraphs?A. Internet can keep people free from loneliness.B. People chatting a lot online tend to be optimistic.C. People living alone tend to have more connection online.D. People communicating less in the real world risk loneliness.What is the best title of the passage?A. Young but Lonely B. Young People OnlineC. Loneliness Around You D. E-times and Young People