It's hot now in Afghanistan, where 35% of the population is under-fed. But soon it will be cold, and many of the country's roads will become inaccessible because of snow and landslides, making it difficult to get food to market.Knowing these things gets Stacy McCoy out of bed every morning and out into the countryside, visiting Afghani women and farmers to offer new agricultural techniques and hardier seeds. She also works to improve their marketing skills so that they can be exposed to new ways To sell goods in the marketplace. The marketing efforts have helped organize the women and farmers into teams so that they have more food to offer collectively and can work more closely together to share their knowledge.McCoy is one of many American scientists who have devoted their careers to international development in the name of making the world a better place. "It can be hard living away from family and that is a choice sometimes going into international work, but I'm pretty content to stay here and not too anxious about the security situation," she says.D. Tribalism is still a powerful force in day-to-day African life.A. C C D A B. We tend to think of the decades immediately following World War II as a time of prosperity and growth, with soldiers returning home by the millions, going off to college on the G. I. Bill and lining up at the marriage bureaus. C. ut when it D. ame to their houses, it was a time of common sense and a belief that less could truly be more. E. uring the Depression and the war, Americans had learned to live with less, and that restraint, in combination with the postwar confidence in the future, made small, efficient housing positively stylish. F. trend toward efficient living. The phrase “less is more” was actually first popularized by a German, the architect Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, who like other people associated with the Bauhaus, a school of design, emigrated to the United States before World War II and took up posts at American architecture schools. These designers came to exert enormous influence on the course of American architecture, but none more so tha G. or the trend toward efficient living. The phrase “less is more” was actually first popularized by a erman, the architect Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, who like other people associated with the Bauhaus, a school of design, emigrated to the United States before World War II and took up posts at American architecture schools. These designers came to exert enormous influence on the course of American architecture, but none more so that Mies. m abundance. Like other modern architects, he employed metal, glass and laminated wood-materials that we take for granted today buy that in the 1940s symbolized the future. Mies’s sophisticated presentation masked the fact that the spaces he designed were small and efficient, rather than big and often empty. t towers Mies built on Chicago’s Lake Shore Drive, for example, were smaller-two-bedroom units under 1,000 square feet-than those in their older neighbors along the city’s Gold Coast. But they were popular because of their airy glass walls, the views they afforded and the elegance of the buildings’ details and proportions, the architectural equivalent of the abstract art so popular at the time. t entirely foreign. In the 1930s Frank Lloyd Wright started building more modest and efficient houses-usually around 1,200 square feet-than the spreading two-story ones he had designed in the 1890s and the early 20th century. t another homegrown influence on the “less is more” trend. Aesthetic effect came from the landscape, new materials and forthright detailing. In his Case Study House, Ralph everyday life – few American families acquired helicopters, though most eventually got clothes dryers – but his belief that self-sufficiency was both desirable and inevitable was widely shared. The postwar American housing style largely reflected the Americans’ . [A]prosperity and growth [B]efficiency and practicality [C]restraint and confidence [D]pride and faithfulness Which of the following can be inferred from Paragraph 3 about Bauhaus? [A]It was founded by Ludwig Mies van der Rohe. [B]Its designing concept was affected by World War II. [C]Most American architects used to be associated with it. [D]It had a great influence upon American architecture. Mies held that elegance of architectural design . [A]was related to large space [B]was identified with emptiness [C]was not reliant on abundant decoration [D]was not associated with efficiency What is true about the apartments Mies building Chicago’s Lake Shore Drive? [A]They ignored details and proportions. [B]They were built with materials popular at that time. [C]They were more spacious than neighboring buildings. [D]They shared some characteristics of abstract art. What can we learn about the design of the “Case Study House”? [A]Mechanical devices were widely used. [B]Natural scenes were taken into consideration [C]Details were sacrificed for the overall effect. [D]Eco-friendly materials were employed. DCDB s on her environmental science background to help Afghanis cultivate stronger, more resilient seeds and says her ability to speak French has helped immensely in her work in Africa and the Middle East. She believes her ability to speak a second language was a huge help in getting her first assignment, in French-speaking Morocco, through the Peace Corps. m manager for Catholic Relief Services' Afghanistan. "Today, I'm helping people grow crops that will have a decent enough market value to sell at a profit," she says. She is particularly proud of her group's work to bring animal husbandry (畜牧业) up to a workable economic avenue for the farmers. Her group was able to work with the farmers to find effective ways to yield more dairy, which in turn brings more revenue at the market. It can be tough getting an initial foot in the door in an international development program," McCoy acknowledges, "but it can help to take a post in a 'difficult' country." When it is cold, it will be difficult to get food to market because ______. snow and landslides will become unpredictable cold weather will reduce the productivity many roads will be closed to traffic more people will suffer hunger What Stacy McCoy does is aimed at ______ in Afghanistan. achieving equality of men and women increasing people's chance for education broadening people's outlook of the world population What does Stacy McCoy think of her life in Afghanistan? It's hard but safe. It's satisfying and safe. It's hard and insecure. It's insecure but satisfying. w about Stacy McCoy's first assignment? She got it because of her ability to speak French. She worked with the Peace Corps in Morocco. She brought new agricultural techniques to Morocco. that it would be safe working in xpected that it would be safe working in Morocco. What does Stacy McCoy's team do with animal husbandry? They help farmers to enhance its market value. They help sell its products to overseas markets. They introduce it to the "difficult" countries. They take it as a complement to crop farming. D B A s increasingly realize that science is the key to material development in their society and that without it, industrial, social and technological progress would be impossible. Many leaders of formerly colonized nations have cried out for the development of the scientific and technological skills among their peoples. With such skills, these nations will be better able to utilize the resources which their own lands supply. There exists an acute need for scientists, engineers, technicians, economists, physicians, lawyers skilled in domestic and international law, and most importantly, perhaps, teachers and administrators with a commitment to sharing their skills with the underdeveloped nations. These nations would then be able to devise educational strategies and techniques needed to teach their students essential skills. s this might be a good slogan for Third World nations looking to improve their positions among other nations, as well as the lives of their citizens. The purpose of this selection is to ______. describe the superiority of the developed nations stress the need for scientific and educational development prove that underdeveloped nations are backward ignorance of Third World countries t appropriate title for this selection would be ______. Materialistic Society Science and Technology Science for Self-Reliance Natural Resources o improve the conditions of underdevelopment is ______. A. to build more factories to obtain technical advisors from the Western world to upgrade the educational and science programs raise profits t economic conditions is that ______. their preoccupation with profits overlooks the need for more humanistic values their lawyers are ignorant of international trade laws there is a great need for physicians they have not been able to make the best use of their own resources profits and power land and natural resources science and education ducation D. industry and technology C C t Africans, tribalism simply means very strong loyalty to one's ethnic group. It is a force that can be both good and bad. By definition tribalism means sharing among members of the extended family. It makes sure that a person is taken care of by his own group. To give a job to a fellow tribesman is not wrong; it is an obligation. Similarly, for a politician or military leader it is considered good common sense to choose his closest adviser from people of his own tribe. This ensures security, continuity, authority. Tribal loyalty may mean a quick promotion--from sergeant to captain, from clerk to manager—within a very short time. Modern African politicians publicly speak out against tribal divisions. Yet it remains perhaps the most powerful force in day-to-day African life. As evidence of tribalism, in 1977 in Kenya, president Jomo Kenyatta’s tribe controlled business and politics. Eight of the 21 cabinet posts, including the most important four were filled by Kikuyus. In Uganda in the same year, the president's small Kakwa tribe filled almost all the highest government and military positions! In Agola, Ethiopia, and Nigeria, the fighting in the past ten years can be partly explained by disagreements among tribes. What is the definition of tribalism? job to a fellow Giving a job to a fellow tribesman. A force that can be both good and bad. People have the same religious belief. One example of how a tribe takes care of its own people is ______. force that can be both good and bad" "very strong loyalty to one's ethnic group" "tribal loyalty may mean a quick promotion" it is important to be loyal to one's own tribal group In paragraph 2," the most important four" refers to ______. military position business cabinet posts Kikuyus How many examples are there "as evidence of tribalism"? Four. Two. One. Three. ccording to the passage, which of the following statements is wrong? Modern African politicians approve of tribal divisions. A person is usually taken care of by his own tribe. Africans consider it an obligation to give a job to a fellow tribesman.