题目
Pre-school children who spend time together take on one another's personalities，a new research has found.The study shows that environment plays a key role in shaping people's personalities.While genetics still forms the central part of the human psyche（心理），the research finds that personality traits（特征）are "contagious"（传染的）among children. "Our finding flies in the face of common assumptions that personality can't be changed，" said Dr.Jennifer Neal，co-author of the study. The researchers studied the personalities and social networks of two pre-school classes for a full school year.One of the classes was a set of three-year-olds，and the other a set of four-year-olds.Children whose friends were hard-working or outgoing gradually took on these personality traits over time.Psychology expert Dr.Emily Dublin said kids are having a far bigger effect on each other than people may realize. The new study is not the first to explore the contagious effects of personality traits.A 2015 psychology study found that rudeness at work can be contagious as it travels from person to person "like a disease".The study found that seeing a boss being rude to an employee was enough to cause people to be rude to those around them. The researchers questioned 6，000 people on the social "climate" in their workplaces，which included offices，hotels and restaurants.They found 75 percent of those who took part said they had been treated rudely at least once in the past year.And the study also suggests that merely seeing other people being subjected to rudeness made it more likely that a person would treat their colleagues in the same way.Rudeness could include leaving someone off an invite to a company event，sending unkind emails，finding fault with others or failing to give praise. Dr.Torkelson believes companies need to be more aware of the harm that rudeness in the workplace can do as it can damage the working environment.She said better training could help to fight against the problem.（1）What does the underlined part "flies in the face of" in Paragraph 1 mean？ ____ A.Leads to.B.Goes against.C.Results from.D.Agrees with.（2）According to Paragraph 2，who have the greatest impact on children's personality？ ____ A.Their friends.B.Their parents.C.The researchers.D.The psychologists.（3）Which of the following is considered rude at the workplace？ ____ A.Ignoring the faults of co-workers.B.Not sending emails to workmates.C.Seeking praise from colleagues and bosses.D.Not inviting a colleague to a company party.（4）What is the passage mainly about？ ____ A.One's personality is hard to change.B.One's personality is shaped by genes.C.One's personality traits can spread to others.D.One's personality traits can change overnight.（5）This passage is most probably taken from ____ .A.a school textbookB.a study guideC.a science reportD.a technical journal
Pre-school children who spend time together take on one another's personalities，a new research has found.The study shows that environment plays a key role in shaping people's personalities.While genetics still forms the central part of the human psyche（心理），the research finds that personality traits（特征）are "contagious"（传染的）among children. "Our finding flies in the face of common assumptions that personality can't be changed，" said Dr.Jennifer Neal，co-author of the study.
The researchers studied the personalities and social networks of two pre-school classes for a full school year.One of the classes was a set of three-year-olds，and the other a set of four-year-olds.Children whose friends were hard-working or outgoing gradually took on these personality traits over time.Psychology expert Dr.Emily Dublin said kids are having a far bigger effect on each other than people may realize.
The new study is not the first to explore the contagious effects of personality traits.A 2015 psychology study found that rudeness at work can be contagious as it travels from person to person "like a disease".The study found that seeing a boss being rude to an employee was enough to cause people to be rude to those around them.
The researchers questioned 6，000 people on the social "climate" in their workplaces，which included offices，hotels and restaurants.They found 75 percent of those who took part said they had been treated rudely at least once in the past year.And the study also suggests that merely seeing other people being subjected to rudeness made it more likely that a person would treat their colleagues in the same way.Rudeness could include leaving someone off an invite to a company event，sending unkind emails，finding fault with others or failing to give praise.
Dr.Torkelson believes companies need to be more aware of the harm that rudeness in the workplace can do as it can damage the working environment.She said better training could help to fight against the problem.
（1）What does the underlined part "flies in the face of" in Paragraph 1 mean？ ____
A.Leads to.
B.Goes against.
C.Results from.
D.Agrees with.
（2）According to Paragraph 2，who have the greatest impact on children's personality？ ____
A.Their friends.
B.Their parents.
C.The researchers.
D.The psychologists.
（3）Which of the following is considered rude at the workplace？ ____
A.Ignoring the faults of co-workers.
B.Not sending emails to workmates.
C.Seeking praise from colleagues and bosses.
D.Not inviting a colleague to a company party.
（4）What is the passage mainly about？ ____
A.One's personality is hard to change.
B.One's personality is shaped by genes.
C.One's personality traits can spread to others.
D.One's personality traits can change overnight.
（5）This passage is most probably taken from ____ .
A.a school textbook
B.a study guide
C.a science report
D.a technical journal
The researchers studied the personalities and social networks of two pre-school classes for a full school year.One of the classes was a set of three-year-olds，and the other a set of four-year-olds.Children whose friends were hard-working or outgoing gradually took on these personality traits over time.Psychology expert Dr.Emily Dublin said kids are having a far bigger effect on each other than people may realize.
The new study is not the first to explore the contagious effects of personality traits.A 2015 psychology study found that rudeness at work can be contagious as it travels from person to person "like a disease".The study found that seeing a boss being rude to an employee was enough to cause people to be rude to those around them.
The researchers questioned 6，000 people on the social "climate" in their workplaces，which included offices，hotels and restaurants.They found 75 percent of those who took part said they had been treated rudely at least once in the past year.And the study also suggests that merely seeing other people being subjected to rudeness made it more likely that a person would treat their colleagues in the same way.Rudeness could include leaving someone off an invite to a company event，sending unkind emails，finding fault with others or failing to give praise.
Dr.Torkelson believes companies need to be more aware of the harm that rudeness in the workplace can do as it can damage the working environment.She said better training could help to fight against the problem.
（1）What does the underlined part "flies in the face of" in Paragraph 1 mean？ ____
A.Leads to.
B.Goes against.
C.Results from.
D.Agrees with.
（2）According to Paragraph 2，who have the greatest impact on children's personality？ ____
A.Their friends.
B.Their parents.
C.The researchers.
D.The psychologists.
（3）Which of the following is considered rude at the workplace？ ____
A.Ignoring the faults of co-workers.
B.Not sending emails to workmates.
C.Seeking praise from colleagues and bosses.
D.Not inviting a colleague to a company party.
（4）What is the passage mainly about？ ____
A.One's personality is hard to change.
B.One's personality is shaped by genes.
C.One's personality traits can spread to others.
D.One's personality traits can change overnight.
（5）This passage is most probably taken from ____ .
A.a school textbook
B.a study guide
C.a science report
D.a technical journal
题目解答
答案
（1）B.猜测词义题。根据第一段第三句 the research finds that personality traits（特征） are "contagious"（传染的） among children 研究表明，性格特征可以在孩子们中传染。划线所在句表达，"我们的发现与认为人的性格是不能改变的常见的假设是相悖的"。A.Leads to.导致；B.Goes against.相悖的；C.Results from.由…导致；D.Agrees with.同意。故正确答案为B。
（2）A.细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句 Psychology expert Dr.Emily Dublin said kids are having a far bigger effect on each other than people may realize 可知，心理专家说孩子对彼此的影响会比人们所意识到的更大，所以可以推断第二段表明孩子的朋友们对性格有最大的影响。A.Their friends.他们的朋友；B.Their parents.他们的父母；C.The researchers.研究者；D.The psychologists.心理学家。故正确答案为A。
（3）D.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段最后一句 Rudeness could include leaving someone off an invite to a company event，sending unkind emails，finding fault with others or failing to give praise 粗鲁的行为包括不让同事来参加公司的事件，发送不友善的邮件，找别人的错误或者不给予赞扬。D项意为"不邀请同事来参加公司的聚会"，符合题意。故正确答案为D。
（4）C.主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了人的性格可以传染给他人，其中分别介绍了孩子们之间的相互影响是非常大的，还有在职场中，人的性格特点也会相互传染。C项意为"人的性格特点可以传染给他人"，符合题意。故正确答案为C。
（5）C.文章出处题。本文主要介绍根据一些研究表明人的性格是可以传染的，一些专家研究人员分别在孩子们之间做了实验还有职场里的一些行为进行了研究，可以得出这篇文章可以来自一个科学报告。A.a school textbook学校教科书；B.a study guide学习指南；C.a science report科学报道；D.a technical journal技术期刊。故正确答案为C。
（2）A.细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句 Psychology expert Dr.Emily Dublin said kids are having a far bigger effect on each other than people may realize 可知，心理专家说孩子对彼此的影响会比人们所意识到的更大，所以可以推断第二段表明孩子的朋友们对性格有最大的影响。A.Their friends.他们的朋友；B.Their parents.他们的父母；C.The researchers.研究者；D.The psychologists.心理学家。故正确答案为A。
（3）D.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段最后一句 Rudeness could include leaving someone off an invite to a company event，sending unkind emails，finding fault with others or failing to give praise 粗鲁的行为包括不让同事来参加公司的事件，发送不友善的邮件，找别人的错误或者不给予赞扬。D项意为"不邀请同事来参加公司的聚会"，符合题意。故正确答案为D。
（4）C.主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了人的性格可以传染给他人，其中分别介绍了孩子们之间的相互影响是非常大的，还有在职场中，人的性格特点也会相互传染。C项意为"人的性格特点可以传染给他人"，符合题意。故正确答案为C。
（5）C.文章出处题。本文主要介绍根据一些研究表明人的性格是可以传染的，一些专家研究人员分别在孩子们之间做了实验还有职场里的一些行为进行了研究，可以得出这篇文章可以来自一个科学报告。A.a school textbook学校教科书；B.a study guide学习指南；C.a science report科学报道；D.a technical journal技术期刊。故正确答案为C。