题目
Only two countries in the advanced world provide no guarantee for paid leave from work to care for a newborn child． Last spring one of the two， Australia， gave up the dubious distinction by establishing paid family leave starting in 2011． I wasn't surprised when this didn't make the news here in the United States-we're now the only wealthy country without such a policy． The United States does have one explicit family policy， the Family and Medical Leave Act， passed in 1993． It entitles workers to as much as 12 weeks' unpaid leave for care of a newborn or dealing with a family medical problem． Despite the modesty of the benefit， the Chamber of Commerce and other business groups fought it bitterly， describing it as "government-run personnel management" and a "dangerous precedent"． In fact， every step of the way， as （usually） Democratic leaders have tried to introduce work-family balance measures into the law， business groups have been strongly opposed． As Yale law professor Anne Alstott argues， justifying parental support depends on defining the family as a social good that， in some sense， society must pay for． In her book No Exit： What Parents Owe Their Children and What Society Owes Parents， she argues that parents are burdened in many ways in their lives： there is "no exit" when it comes to children． "Society expects-and needs-parents to provide their children with continuity of care， meaning the intensive， intimate care that human beings need to develop their intellectual， emotional and moral capabilities． And society expects-and needs-parents to persist in their roles for 18years， or longer if needed．" While most parents do this out of love， there are public penalties for not providing care． What parents do， in other words， is of deep concern to the state， for the obvious reason that caring for children is not only morally urgent but essential for the future of society． The state recognizes this in the large body of family laws that govern children' welfare， yet parents receive little help in meeting the life-changing obligations society imposes． To classify parenting as a personal choice for which there is no collective responsibility is not merely to ignore the social benefits of good parenting； really， it is to steal those benefits because they accrue （不断积累） to the whole of society as today's children become tomorrow's productive citizenry （公民）． In fact， by some estimates， the value of parental investments in children， investments of time and money （including lost wages）， is equal to 20-30% of gross domestic product． If these investments generate huge social benefits-as they clearly do-the benefits of providing more social support for the family should be that much clearer． 65． What do we learn about paid family leave from the first paragraph？ A． America is now the only developed country without the policy． B． It has now become a hot topic in the United States． C． It came as a surprise when Australia adopted the policy． D． Its meaning was clarified when it was established in Australia． 66． What has prevented the passing of work-family balance laws in the United States？ A． The incompetence of the Democrats． B． The existing Family and Medical Leave Act． C． The lack of a precedent in American history． D． The opposition from business circles． 67． What is Professor Anne Alstott's argument for parental support？ A． The cost of raising children in the U． S． has been growing． B． Good parenting benefits society． C． The U． S． should keep up with other developed countries． D． Children need continuous care． 68． Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word "dubious" in paragraph one？ A． Special B． Significant C． Alleged D． Thorough 69． What does the author think of America's large body of family laws governing children's welfare？ A． They fail to ensure children's healthy growth B． The fail to provide enough support for parents C． They emphasize parents' legal responsibilities． D． They impose the care of children on parents． 70． Why does the author object to classifying parenting as a personal choice？ A． It is regarded as a legal obligation． B． It relies largely on social support． C． It generates huge social benefits． D． It is basically a social undertaking．
Only two countries in the advanced world provide no guarantee for paid leave from work to care for a newborn child． Last spring one of the two， Australia， gave up the
dubious distinction by establishing paid family leave starting in 2011． I wasn't surprised when this didn't make the news here in the United States-we're now the only wealthy country without such a policy．
The United States does have one explicit family policy， the Family and Medical Leave Act， passed in 1993． It entitles workers to as much as 12 weeks' unpaid leave for care of a newborn or dealing with a family medical problem． Despite the modesty of the benefit， the Chamber of Commerce and other business groups fought it bitterly， describing it as "government-run personnel management" and a "dangerous precedent"． In fact， every step of the way， as （usually） Democratic leaders have tried to introduce work-family balance measures into the law， business groups have been strongly opposed．
As Yale law professor Anne Alstott argues， justifying parental support depends on defining the family as a social good that， in some sense， society must pay for． In her book No Exit： What Parents Owe Their Children and What Society Owes Parents， she argues that parents are burdened in many ways in their lives： there is "no exit" when it comes to children． "Society expects-and needs-parents to provide their children with continuity of care， meaning the intensive， intimate care that human beings need to develop their intellectual， emotional and moral capabilities． And society expects-and needs-parents to persist in their roles for 18years， or longer if needed．"
While most parents do this out of love， there are public penalties for not providing care． What parents do， in other words， is of deep concern to the state， for the obvious reason that caring for children is not only morally urgent but essential for the future of society． The state recognizes this in the large body of family laws that govern children' welfare， yet parents receive little help in meeting the life-changing obligations society imposes． To classify parenting as a personal choice for which there is no collective responsibility is not merely to ignore the social benefits of good parenting； really， it is to steal those benefits because they accrue （不断积累） to the whole of society as today's children become tomorrow's productive citizenry （公民）． In fact， by some estimates， the value of parental investments in children， investments of time and money （including lost wages）， is equal to 20-30% of gross domestic product． If these investments generate huge social benefits-as they clearly do-the benefits of providing more social support for the family should be that much clearer．
65． What do we learn about paid family leave from the first paragraph？
A． America is now the only developed country without the policy．
B． It has now become a hot topic in the United States．
C． It came as a surprise when Australia adopted the policy．
D． Its meaning was clarified when it was established in Australia．
66． What has prevented the passing of work-family balance laws in the United States？
A． The incompetence of the Democrats．
B． The existing Family and Medical Leave Act．
C． The lack of a precedent in American history．
D． The opposition from business circles．
67． What is Professor Anne Alstott's argument for parental support？
A． The cost of raising children in the U． S． has been growing．
B． Good parenting benefits society．
C． The U． S． should keep up with other developed countries．
D． Children need continuous care．
68． Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word "dubious" in paragraph one？
A． Special
B． Significant
C． Alleged
D． Thorough
69． What does the author think of America's large body of family laws governing children's welfare？
A． They fail to ensure children's healthy growth
B． The fail to provide enough support for parents
C． They emphasize parents' legal responsibilities．
D． They impose the care of children on parents．
70． Why does the author object to classifying parenting as a personal choice？
A． It is regarded as a legal obligation．
B． It relies largely on social support．
C． It generates huge social benefits．
D． It is basically a social undertaking．
The United States does have one explicit family policy， the Family and Medical Leave Act， passed in 1993． It entitles workers to as much as 12 weeks' unpaid leave for care of a newborn or dealing with a family medical problem． Despite the modesty of the benefit， the Chamber of Commerce and other business groups fought it bitterly， describing it as "government-run personnel management" and a "dangerous precedent"． In fact， every step of the way， as （usually） Democratic leaders have tried to introduce work-family balance measures into the law， business groups have been strongly opposed．
As Yale law professor Anne Alstott argues， justifying parental support depends on defining the family as a social good that， in some sense， society must pay for． In her book No Exit： What Parents Owe Their Children and What Society Owes Parents， she argues that parents are burdened in many ways in their lives： there is "no exit" when it comes to children． "Society expects-and needs-parents to provide their children with continuity of care， meaning the intensive， intimate care that human beings need to develop their intellectual， emotional and moral capabilities． And society expects-and needs-parents to persist in their roles for 18years， or longer if needed．"
While most parents do this out of love， there are public penalties for not providing care． What parents do， in other words， is of deep concern to the state， for the obvious reason that caring for children is not only morally urgent but essential for the future of society． The state recognizes this in the large body of family laws that govern children' welfare， yet parents receive little help in meeting the life-changing obligations society imposes． To classify parenting as a personal choice for which there is no collective responsibility is not merely to ignore the social benefits of good parenting； really， it is to steal those benefits because they accrue （不断积累） to the whole of society as today's children become tomorrow's productive citizenry （公民）． In fact， by some estimates， the value of parental investments in children， investments of time and money （including lost wages）， is equal to 20-30% of gross domestic product． If these investments generate huge social benefits-as they clearly do-the benefits of providing more social support for the family should be that much clearer．
65． What do we learn about paid family leave from the first paragraph？
A． America is now the only developed country without the policy．
B． It has now become a hot topic in the United States．
C． It came as a surprise when Australia adopted the policy．
D． Its meaning was clarified when it was established in Australia．
66． What has prevented the passing of work-family balance laws in the United States？
A． The incompetence of the Democrats．
B． The existing Family and Medical Leave Act．
C． The lack of a precedent in American history．
D． The opposition from business circles．
67． What is Professor Anne Alstott's argument for parental support？
A． The cost of raising children in the U． S． has been growing．
B． Good parenting benefits society．
C． The U． S． should keep up with other developed countries．
D． Children need continuous care．
68． Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word "dubious" in paragraph one？
A． Special
B． Significant
C． Alleged
D． Thorough
69． What does the author think of America's large body of family laws governing children's welfare？
A． They fail to ensure children's healthy growth
B． The fail to provide enough support for parents
C． They emphasize parents' legal responsibilities．
D． They impose the care of children on parents．
70． Why does the author object to classifying parenting as a personal choice？
A． It is regarded as a legal obligation．
B． It relies largely on social support．
C． It generates huge social benefits．
D． It is basically a social undertaking．
题目解答
答案
65．A 细节理解题．由第一段最后一句"I wasn't surprised when this didn't make the news here in the United States-we're now the only wealthy country without such a policy．"可知，美国没有带薪家庭休假制度，故正确答案为A．
66．D 细节理解题，根据第二段In fact， every step of the way， as （usually） Democratic leaders have tried to introduce work-family balance measures into the law， business groups have been strongly opposed．可知是因为工商界的强烈反对，因此该法律不能通过，所以D选项是正确的．
67．B 细节理解题．由第三段第三句"Society expects-and needs-parents to provide their children with continuity of care．"可知社会期望父母更关心孩子，好的育儿方式有利于社会，故正确答案为B．
68．C 词义猜测题，根据第一段Last spring one of the two， Australia， gave up the dubious distinction by establishing paid family leave starting in 2011． 可知澳大利亚，在2011年初建立了带薪家庭假，放弃了这一令人生疑的区别，所以C选项是正确的．
69．B 细节理解题．由第二段最后一句"In fact，every step of the way，as （usually） Democratic leaders have tried to introduce work-family balance measures into the law，business groups have been strongly opposed．"可知商业团体的强烈反对阻挠了带薪家庭休假制度的实施，故正确答案为B．
70．D 细节理解题．由最后一段第三句"To classify parenting as a personal choice for which there is no collective responsibility is not merely to ignore the social benefits of good parenting：really，it is to steal those benefits because they accrue（累积） to the whole of society as today's children become tomorrow's citizens．"可知作者认为养育孩子不仅是个人的决定，还会影响社会的未来，故正确答案为D．
66．D 细节理解题，根据第二段In fact， every step of the way， as （usually） Democratic leaders have tried to introduce work-family balance measures into the law， business groups have been strongly opposed．可知是因为工商界的强烈反对，因此该法律不能通过，所以D选项是正确的．
67．B 细节理解题．由第三段第三句"Society expects-and needs-parents to provide their children with continuity of care．"可知社会期望父母更关心孩子，好的育儿方式有利于社会，故正确答案为B．
68．C 词义猜测题，根据第一段Last spring one of the two， Australia， gave up the dubious distinction by establishing paid family leave starting in 2011． 可知澳大利亚，在2011年初建立了带薪家庭假，放弃了这一令人生疑的区别，所以C选项是正确的．
69．B 细节理解题．由第二段最后一句"In fact，every step of the way，as （usually） Democratic leaders have tried to introduce work-family balance measures into the law，business groups have been strongly opposed．"可知商业团体的强烈反对阻挠了带薪家庭休假制度的实施，故正确答案为B．
70．D 细节理解题．由最后一段第三句"To classify parenting as a personal choice for which there is no collective responsibility is not merely to ignore the social benefits of good parenting：really，it is to steal those benefits because they accrue（累积） to the whole of society as today's children become tomorrow's citizens．"可知作者认为养育孩子不仅是个人的决定，还会影响社会的未来，故正确答案为D．
解析
步骤 1：理解问题背景
文章讨论了带薪家庭休假政策在美国的情况，以及为什么美国没有这样的政策。文章还提到了育儿对社会的重要性，以及为什么育儿不应该被视为个人选择。
步骤 2：分析问题
问题65询问关于带薪家庭休假政策的信息。问题66询问阻止美国通过工作家庭平衡法的原因。问题67询问Anne Alstott教授对育儿支持的论点。问题68询问“dubious”一词的含义。问题69询问作者对美国家庭法律的看法。问题70询问作者反对将育儿视为个人选择的原因。
步骤 3：回答问题
根据文章内容，我们可以得出以下答案：
- 问题65：美国是唯一没有带薪家庭休假政策的发达国家。
- 问题66：商业团体的强烈反对阻止了美国通过工作家庭平衡法。
- 问题67：Anne Alstott教授认为育儿对社会有益。
- 问题68：“dubious”一词的含义是“可疑的”。
- 问题69：作者认为美国的家庭法律没有为父母提供足够的支持。
- 问题70：作者认为育儿是社会事业，因为它为社会带来了巨大的利益。
文章讨论了带薪家庭休假政策在美国的情况，以及为什么美国没有这样的政策。文章还提到了育儿对社会的重要性，以及为什么育儿不应该被视为个人选择。
步骤 2：分析问题
问题65询问关于带薪家庭休假政策的信息。问题66询问阻止美国通过工作家庭平衡法的原因。问题67询问Anne Alstott教授对育儿支持的论点。问题68询问“dubious”一词的含义。问题69询问作者对美国家庭法律的看法。问题70询问作者反对将育儿视为个人选择的原因。
步骤 3：回答问题
根据文章内容，我们可以得出以下答案：
- 问题65：美国是唯一没有带薪家庭休假政策的发达国家。
- 问题66：商业团体的强烈反对阻止了美国通过工作家庭平衡法。
- 问题67：Anne Alstott教授认为育儿对社会有益。
- 问题68：“dubious”一词的含义是“可疑的”。
- 问题69：作者认为美国的家庭法律没有为父母提供足够的支持。
- 问题70：作者认为育儿是社会事业，因为它为社会带来了巨大的利益。