Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.After earning a bachelor's degree, I was determined to do what I love. I headed straight to graduate school to investigate the social problems that fascinated me.For almost a decade, I told everyone I encountered that they should do the same. "Follow your passion," I counseled. "You can figure out the employment stuff later."It wasn't until I began to research this widely accepted career advice that I understood how problematic it really was.As a sociologist, I interviewed college students and professional workers to learn what it really meant to pursue their dreams, which I will refer to here as the passion principle. I was stunned by what I found out about this principle in the research for my new book.Surveys show the American public has long held the passion principle in high regard as a career decision-making priority. And its popularity is even stronger among those facing job instability.Advocates of the passion principle found it compelling because they believed that following one's passion can provide workers with both the motivation necessary to work hard and a place to find fulfillment.Yet, what I found is that following one's passion does not necessarily lead to fulfillment, but is one of the most powerful cultural forces perpetuating overwork. I also found that promoting the pursuit of one's passion helps perpetuate social inequalities due to the fact that not everyone has the same economic resources to allow them to pursue their passion with ease.While the passion principle is broadly popular, not everyone has the necessary resources to turn their passion into a stable, good-paying job. Passion-seekers from wealthy families are better able to wait until a job they are passionate about comes along without worrying about student loans in the meantime. They are also better situated to take unpaid internships to get their foot in the door while their parents pay their rent. And they often have access to parents' social networks to help them find jobs. Surveys revealed that working-class and first-generation college graduates, regardless of their career field, are more likely than their wealthier peers to end up in low-paying unskilled jobs when they pursue their passion.Colleges, workplaces and career counselors who promote the "follow your passion" path for everyone, without leveling the playing field, help perpetuate socioeconomic inequalities among career aspirants.It's not just well-off passion-seekers who benefit from the passion principle. Employers of passionate workers do, too. Potential employers showed greater interest in passionate applicants in part because they believed the applicants would work hard at their jobs without expecting an increase in pay. They even sacrifice a good salary, job stability and leisure time to work in a job they love.51. What did the author advise people to do for almost a decade?A) Figure out what is the most fascinating job.B) Follow widely accepted career counsel.C) Pursue their careers with passion.D) Do whatever they are zealous for.52. How did the author feel about the passion principle through his research?A) He was astonished by its consequences.B) He was further convinced of its soundness.C) He was actually right to follow it through.D) He was struck by its broad popularity.53. What is important to turning one's passion into a stable, good-paying job?A) Willingness to take unpaid internships and low-paying jobs.B) Full academic preparedness and sound career counseling.C) Hard work and sacrifice of leisure time.D) Financial backing and social connections.54. What happens when everyone is encouraged to follow their passion?A) Many more career aspirants end up unemployed.B) People are less concerned with socioeconomic inequality.C) Socioeconomic inequality is likely to persist.D) Career counselors are going to lose credibility.
Passage Two Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage. After earning a bachelor's degree, I was determined to do what I love. I headed straight to graduate school to investigate the social problems that fascinated me. For almost a decade, I told everyone I encountered that they should do the same. "Follow your passion," I counseled. "You can figure out the employment stuff later." It wasn't until I began to research this widely accepted career advice that I understood how problematic it really was. As a sociologist, I interviewed college students and professional workers to learn what it really meant to pursue their dreams, which I will refer to here as the passion principle. I was stunned by what I found out about this principle in the research for my new book. Surveys show the American public has long held the passion principle in high regard as a career decision-making priority. And its popularity is even stronger among those facing job instability. Advocates of the passion principle found it compelling because they believed that following one's passion can provide workers with both the motivation necessary to work hard and a place to find fulfillment. Yet, what I found is that following one's passion does not necessarily lead to fulfillment, but is one of the most powerful cultural forces perpetuating overwork. I also found that promoting the pursuit of one's passion helps perpetuate social inequalities due to the fact that not everyone has the same economic resources to allow them to pursue their passion with ease. While the passion principle is broadly popular, not everyone has the necessary resources to turn their passion into a stable, good-paying job. Passion-seekers from wealthy families are better able to wait until a job they are passionate about comes along without worrying about student loans in the meantime. They are also better situated to take unpaid internships to get their foot in the door while their parents pay their rent. And they often have access to parents' social networks to help them find jobs. Surveys revealed that working-class and first-generation college graduates, regardless of their career field, are more likely than their wealthier peers to end up in low-paying unskilled jobs when they pursue their passion. Colleges, workplaces and career counselors who promote the "follow your passion" path for everyone, without leveling the playing field, help perpetuate socioeconomic inequalities among career aspirants. It's not just well-off passion-seekers who benefit from the passion principle. Employers of passionate workers do, too. Potential employers showed greater interest in passionate applicants in part because they believed the applicants would work hard at their jobs without expecting an increase in pay. They even sacrifice a good salary, job stability and leisure time to work in a job they love. 51. What did the author advise people to do for almost a decade? A) Figure out what is the most fascinating job. B) Follow widely accepted career counsel. C) Pursue their careers with passion. D) Do whatever they are zealous for. 52. How did the author feel about the passion principle through his research? A) He was astonished by its consequences. B) He was further convinced of its soundness. C) He was actually right to follow it through. D) He was struck by its broad popularity. 53. What is important to turning one's passion into a stable, good-paying job? A) Willingness to take unpaid internships and low-paying jobs. B) Full academic preparedness and sound career counseling. C) Hard work and sacrifice of leisure time. D) Financial backing and social connections. 54. What happens when everyone is encouraged to follow their passion? A) Many more career aspirants end up unemployed. B) People are less concerned with socioeconomic inequality. C) Socioeconomic inequality is likely to persist. D) Career counselors are going to lose credibility.
题目解答
答案
解析
本题主要考查对文章内容的理解和细节信息的把握。解题的关键在于仔细阅读文章，理解作者对于“追求激情”这一职业建议的观点和态度，并根据题目要求在文中找到对应的信息进行分析。
- 第51题：
- 文章第一段提到作者在近十年里一直建议人们“Follow your passion”，并且说“You can figure out the employment stuff later”，意思是先追求自己热爱的事情，之后再考虑就业问题。
- 选项A“Figure out what is the most fascinating job”（弄清楚什么是最吸引人的工作），文章重点强调的是追求激情，而非单纯找出最吸引人的工作，所以A选项不符合。
- 选项B“Follow widely accepted career counsel”（遵循广泛接受的职业建议），文中虽提到“follow your passion”是广泛接受的建议，但作者重点是说自己过去一直建议人们追求激情，B选项没有准确体现作者的建议内容，所以B选项不正确。
- 选项C“Pursue their careers with passion”（满怀激情地追求他们的职业），与作者“Follow your passion”的建议相符，所以C选项正确。
- 选项D“Do whatever they are zealous for”（做他们热衷的任何事情），表述过于宽泛，没有突出职业方面，所以D选项不合适。
- 第52题：
- 文章第二段中作者提到“As a sociologist, I interviewed college students and professional workers to learn what it really meant to pursue their dreams, which I will refer to here as the passion principle. I was stunned by what I found out about this principle in the research for my new book”，说明作者通过研究发现了“追求激情”原则的一些问题，并且感到震惊。
- 选项A“He was astonished by its consequences”（他对其后果感到震惊），与文中作者的感受相符，所以A选项正确。
- 选项B“He was further convinced of its soundness”（他进一步相信了它的合理性），与作者研究后发现问题的态度相悖，所以B选项错误。
- 选项C“He was actually right to follow it through”（他坚持遵循它实际上是正确的），作者研究后发现了该原则的问题，并非认为自己坚持遵循是正确的，所以C选项错误。
- 选项D“He was struck by its broad popularity”（他对它的广泛受欢迎程度感到震惊），作者震惊的是研究发现的后果，而非其受欢迎程度，所以D选项错误。
- 第53题：
- 文章第三段指出富有家庭的追求激情者可以等待理想工作，承担无薪实习，利用父母的社会网络等，而工薪阶层和第一代大学生因缺乏经济资源和社会联系，难以将激情转化为高薪稳定工作。
- 选项A“Willingness to take unpaid internships and low - paying jobs”（愿意接受无薪实习和低薪工作），这只是部分情况，不是将激情转化为高薪稳定工作的关键因素，所以A选项错误。
- 选项B“Full academic preparedness and sound career counseling”（充分的学术准备和良好的职业咨询），文中未提及这是关键因素，所以B选项错误。
- 选项C“Hard work and sacrifice of leisure time”（努力工作和牺牲休闲时间），虽然文中提到有激情的人会努力工作和牺牲休闲时间，但这不是将激情转化为高薪稳定工作的关键，所以C选项错误。
- 选项D“Financial backing and social connections”（经济支持和社会关系），与文中提到的富有家庭的优势相符合，是将激情转化为高薪稳定工作的重要因素，所以D选项正确。
- 第54题：
- 文章第四段提到“Colleges, workplaces and career counselors who promote the ‘follow your passion’ path for everyone, without leveling the playing field, help perpetuate socioeconomic inequalities among career aspirants”，说明如果不消除资源不平等，鼓励所有人追求激情会导致社会经济不平等持续存在。
- 选项A“Many more career aspirants end up unemployed”（更多的职业追求者最终失业），文中未提及会导致更多人失业，所以A选项错误。
- 选项B“People are less concerned with socioeconomic inequality”（人们不太关心社会经济不平等），文中没有提到人们对社会经济不平等的关注度问题，所以B选项错误。
- 选项C“Socioeconomic inequality is likely to persist”（社会经济不平等可能会持续存在），与文中观点一致，所以C选项正确。
- 选项D“Career counselors are going to lose credibility”（职业顾问将失去可信度），文中未提及职业顾问的可信度问题，所以D选项错误。