题目

Women who drank three or more cups of coffee a day were 30 percent less likely to have memory decline at age 65 than whose who drank one cup or less daily. And the benefit increased with age. Women over age 80 who drank three or more cups of coffee a day were about 70 percent less likely to have memory decline than those who drank one cup or less, the researchers said. Caffeinated tea had the same effect in the women, the study found, although more was needed to get the same caffeine boost. "Count roughly two cups of tea for a cup of coffee," said study leader Karen Ritchie of INSERM, the French National Institute for Health and Medical Research. But the researchers didn’t find a similarly protective effect in men, although other studies have found a benefit to males. How might caffeine help ward off cognitive decline "It is a cognitive stimulant," said Ritchie. It also helps to reduce levels of the protein called beta amyloid in the brain, she said, "whose accumulation is responsible for Alzheimer’s disease but which also occurs in normal aging." Ritchie said she wasn’t sure why men in the study didn’t benefit from caffeine. "Our hypothesis is that either women metabolize caffeine differently than men, or there may be an interaction of the caffeine with the sex hormones, the estrogen-progesterone balance," she said. The French study confirms previous research, said William Scott, professor of medicine at the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, who has researched caffeine’s beneficial effects against Parkinson’s disease, also a neurodegenerative disorder. As for caffeine only protecting women, Scott noted that just 2,800 of the 7,000 study participants were men, and the results might have differed if more men were included.A study published in February in the European Journal of Clinical Nutrition looked at 676 healthy men and found that regular coffee drinkers had a lower rate of cognitive decline over a 10-year follow-up than those who didn’t drink coffee. Those who drank three cups daily had the least signs of decline. Both Scott and Ritchie agreed that more study is needed. Ritchie’s research will next look at the relationship between caffeine and Alzheimer’s.What was the author’s attitude towards the research of caffeine’s beneficial effect on men ？（） A. Doubtful.B. Convinced.C. Matter-of-fact.D. Cautious.

Women who drank three or more cups of coffee a day were 30 percent less likely to have memory decline at age 65 than whose who drank one cup or less daily. And the benefit increased with age. Women over age 80 who drank three or more cups of coffee a day were about 70 percent less likely to have memory decline than those who drank one cup or less, the researchers said. Caffeinated tea had the same effect in the women, the study found, although more was needed to get the same caffeine boost. "Count roughly two cups of tea for a cup of coffee," said study leader Karen Ritchie of INSERM, the French National Institute for Health and Medical Research. But the researchers didn’t find a similarly protective effect in men, although other studies have found a benefit to males. How might caffeine help ward off cognitive decline "It is a cognitive stimulant," said Ritchie. It also helps to reduce levels of the protein called beta amyloid in the brain, she said, "whose accumulation is responsible for Alzheimer’s disease but which also occurs in normal aging." Ritchie said she wasn’t sure why men in the study didn’t benefit from caffeine. "Our hypothesis is that either women metabolize caffeine differently than men, or there may be an interaction of the caffeine with the sex hormones, the estrogen-progesterone balance," she said. The French study confirms previous research, said William Scott, professor of medicine at the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, who has researched caffeine’s beneficial effects against Parkinson’s disease, also a neurodegenerative disorder. As for caffeine only protecting women, Scott noted that just 2,800 of the 7,000 study participants were men, and the results might have differed if more men were included.A study published in February in the European Journal of Clinical Nutrition looked at 676 healthy men and found that regular coffee drinkers had a lower rate of cognitive decline over a 10-year follow-up than those who didn’t drink coffee. Those who drank three cups daily had the least signs of decline. Both Scott and Ritchie agreed that more study is needed. Ritchie’s research will next look at the relationship between caffeine and Alzheimer’s.What was the author’s attitude towards the research of caffeine’s beneficial effect on men ？（）
  • A. Doubtful.
  • B. Convinced.
  • C. Matter-of-fact.
  • D. Cautious.

题目解答

答案

C

解析

考查要点：本题主要考查学生对作者态度的判断能力，需要结合文章中客观描述与主观评价的区分，以及对关键细节的捕捉能力。

解题核心思路：

  1. 定位关键段落：找到与男性相关研究的描述部分，重点关注作者引用的研究结果和专家观点。
  2. 分析语言特征：判断作者是否使用了主观评价性词语（如“doubtful”“convinced”），还是仅呈现事实和数据。
  3. 综合推断态度：结合上下文，判断作者是否对男性研究结果持保留、肯定或中立态度。

破题关键点：

  • 文章提到男性研究存在样本量不足的问题，但另一项针对男性的研究显示咖啡因有益。
  • 作者引用专家Scott和Ritchie均强调“需要更多研究”，表明现有结论尚不充分。
  • 作者未直接表达主观判断，而是通过呈现矛盾数据和专家意见，保持中立态度。

关键信息梳理：

  1. 男性研究现状：
    • 原研究中男性样本仅2800人（总7000人），可能影响结果。
    • 欧洲期刊研究显示男性咖啡饮用者认知衰退较少，但未被原研究完全证实。
  2. 专家观点：
    • Scott指出样本量可能影响原研究结果。
    • Ritchie和Scott均认为需进一步研究。
  3. 作者表述：
    • 使用“noted”“agreed”等中性动词，客观转述研究和观点。
    • 未添加个人情感或倾向性评价。

态度判断依据：

  • 作者未对男性研究结果表示怀疑（A）或完全信服（B）。
  • 通过“more study is needed”等表述，强调现有结论的局限性，保持事实性陈述（C）。
  • “cautious”（D）需体现明确的谨慎态度，但文中未见主观预警或质疑。