eBay eBay is a global phenomenon-the world’s largest garage sale, online shopping center, ear dealer and auction site with 147 million registered users in 30 countries as of March 2005. You can find everything from encyclopedias to olives to snow boots to stereos to airplanes for sale. And if you stumble on it before the eBay overseers do, you might even find a human kidney or a virtual date. eBay Basics eBay is, first and foremost, an online auction site. You can browse through categories like Antiques, Boats, Clothing Accessories, Computers Networking, Jewelry Watches and Video Games. When you see something you like, you click on the auction title and view the details, including pictures, descriptions, payment options and shipping information. If you place a bid on an item, you enter a contractual agreement to buy it if you win the auction. All auctions have minimum starting bids, and some have a reserve price-a secret minimum amount the seller is willing to accept for the item. If the bidding doesn’t reach the reserve price, the seller doesn’t have to part with the item. In addition to auctions, you can find tons of fixed-price items on eBay that make shopping there just like shopping at any other online marketplace. You see what you like, you buy it, you pay for it and you wait for it to arrive at your door. You can pay for an item on eBay using a variety of methods, including money order, cashier’s check, cash, personal check and electronic payment services like PayPal and BidPay. It’s up to each seller to decide which payment methods he’ll accept. Just as you can buy almost anything on eBay, you can sell almost anything, too. Using a simple listing process, you can put all of the junk in your basement up for sale to the highest bidder. When you sell an item on eBay, you pay listing fees and turn over a percentage of the final sale price to eBay. Once you register (for free) with eBay, you can access all of your eBay buying and selling activities in a single location called "My eBay." eBay Infrastructure A series of service disruptions in 1999 caused real problems for eBay’s business. Over the course of three days, overloaded servers intermittently shut down, meaning users couldn’t check auctions, place bids or complete transactions during that period. Buyers, sellers and eBay were, very unhappy, and a complete restructuring of eBay’s technological architecture followed. In 1999, eBay was one massive database server and a few separate systems running the search function. In 2005, eBay is about 200 database servers and 20 search servers. The architecture is a type of grid computing that allows for both error correction and growth. With the exception of the search function, everything about eBay can actually run on approximately 50 servers-Web servers, application servers and data-storage systems. Each server has between 6 and 12 microprocessors. These 50 or so servers run separately, but they talk to each other, so everybody knows if there is a problem somewhere, eBay can simply add servers to the grid as the need arises. While the majority of the site can run on 50 servers, eBay has four times that. The 200 servers are housed in sets of 50 in four locations, all in the United States. When you’re using eBay, you may be talking to any one of those locations at any time--they all store the same data. If one of the systems crashes, there are three others to pick up the slack. When you’re on the eBay Web site and you click on a listing for a Persian rug, your com-puter talks to Web servers, which talk to application servers, which pull data from storage servers so you can find out what the latest bid price is and how much time is left in the auction, eBay has local partners in many countries who deliver eBay’s static data to cut down on download time, and there are monitoring systems in 45 cities around the world that constantly scan for problems in the network. Using eBay: Security In order to make buyers feel safer when making purchases on eBay, all tangible (有形的) items are automatically insured for 200. A recipe that was supposed to be delivered to you via e-mail is not considered a tangible item. But if you purchased a set of speakers that never arrived, and you go through the dispute process and eBay determines you were defrauded (欺骗), you can get your money back up to 200. Buyer Fraud Buyer fraud is typically less damaging than seller fraud. The most common type of fraud a buyer can commit is simply not paying for an item. Sellers can deal with non-paying bidders by filing an Unpaid Item dispute, eBay will then attempt to contact the buyer and get her to pay. If she does not respond to eBay’s attempts after eight days, the seller is reimbursed (赔偿)for eBay’s cut of the final sale price and can relist the item for free. If the buyer does respond, the dispute can end in one of three ways: The buyer decides to pay, and everybody’s happy. The buyer and the seller decide together to abandon the transaction, the seller gets reimbursed for the final-value fee and relists the item for free, and everybody’s happy. The seller decides not to deal with the buyer, the buyer gets an unpaid-item strike against her, and the seller gets reimbursed for the final-value fee and relists the item for free. In the end, the damage to the seller is relatively small. Another type of buyer fraud occurs when a buyer sends false payment. In most cases, this is in the form of a bounced check, and the seller finds out about it before shipping the item. Bounced checks are as common on eBay as they are in the rest of the world, and many sellers choose not to accept personal checks for this reason. Seller Fraud Seller fraud is what most people think about when they worry about using eBay. There are two main ways in which a buyer can be defrauded by a seller. The item the buyer purchased is dramatically different from how it was described in the listing; or the item simply never arrives. One thing to keep in mind when you think you’ve been defrauded is that miscommunication is common on eBay. For instance, if you didn’t read every word of the auction listing for your item, you may have missed the part that said the seller would be out of town for three weeks and wouldn’t be able to ship the item until she returned. This could be why you don’t have your item and the seller isn’t answering your e-mails. Also, e-mail is not the most straightforward form of communication. If your item hasn’t arrived after two weeks, and you’ve e-mailed the seller but haven’t heard back, it’s a good idea to check your junk mail folder. Your seller may have sent a response e-mail that just never made it to your inbox. If there’s nothing from the seller in your junk folder, you can request that eBay reveal your seller’s phone number so you can give him a call and see what’s going on. If you don’t get an answer to your phone call (or if your seller lives in another country and it would cost too much money to call), your next step is to start the dispute process. When a buyer believes he has been defrauded, he can file a complaint, and eBay will work to solve the problem. When you file a complaint in eBay’s "Item Not Received or Significantly Not as Described" system, eBay will act as middleman between you and your seller to try to settle the dispute. If that fails, you can file a claim to get reimbursed for your purchase.Which of the following may be banned by eBay overseers A．Virtual dates.B．Any over-priced products.C．Priceless antiques.D．Rare animals for pets.

1年考研英语必备翻译真题深入剖析Is it true that the American intellectual is rejected and considered of no account in his society? I am going to suggest that it is not true. Father Bruckbergen told part of the story when he observed that it is the intellectuals who have rejected American. But they have done more than that. They have grown dissatisfied with the role of intellectual. It is they, not American, who have become anti-intellectual.First, the object of our study pleads for definition. What is an intellectual? (46)________________________________________He explores such problems consciously, articulately, and frankly, first by asking factual questions, then by asking moral questions, finally by suggesting action which seems appropriate in the light of the factual and moral information which he has obtained. (47)________This definition excludes many individuals usually referred to as intellectuals—the average scientist for one. (48)________Like other human beings, he encounters moral issues even in everyday performance of his routine duties—he is not supposed to cook his experiments, manufacture evidence or doctor his reports. (49)________During most of his walking life he will take his code for granted, as the businessman takes his ethics.The definition also excludes the majority of factors, despite the fact that teaching has traditionally been the method whereby many intellectuals earn their living. (50)________This description even fits the majority eminent scholars.“Being learned in some branch of human knowledge is one thing, living in public and industrious thoughts,”as Emerson would say,“is something else.”纵观今年的考研翻译题目，我们觉得其难度适中。与近三年的考题相较，2006年的翻译比2004的难，而比2005容易一些。换而言之，今年试题的难度值应该介于0.52与0.53之间。另外，本篇翻译题目就其文体而言，仍然属于近年非常热门的社会科学类文章。由此可见，考研翻译难度总体趋于稳定已成定局。盘点今年考题，我们发现：传统的考点出现了一边倒的局面，如定语从句、比较结构、指代关系等考点的出现频率有所上升（2004—2006全是如此），而宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句、被动结构、插入结构等送分型考点的重要性则相对降低。此外，定语从句和指代关系的难度有所下降，而比较结构的难度则有所上升。较之以往，今年的考题，对学生实际运用英语的能力有更高的要求。以下，我们将逐一分析此次考试的五道试题：46：________很明显，本题是以定语从句作为分水岭的，我们由此将句子分成两部分：即主句和定语从句。前一部分中，有以下得分点值得关注：首先，我们应该可以把握“define…as”（把……定义为……）这个词组。然后，我们需要对“him”做一些处理。这里的“him”我们既可以翻译成为“知识分子”，也可以省略不译。也就是说，前句我们可以翻译成：“我会把‘知识分子’定义为这样的人，他们……”或者是“我对于‘知识分子’的定义是……的人”。再次，本句中出现的“intellectual”（知识分子）是一个高频词汇，曾经在历年的考研试卷中出现过至少20次。在2003年的62题中，“intellectual enquiry”翻译为“知识探究”，可见，“intellectual”本身是一个一词多义的高频词，我们考生在平时的复习过程中需要给予这样的小词以足够的关注。后一部分，是由who引导的定语从句。在这个从句中，我们首先注意到一个词组“elect…as”（把……作为）。进而我们不难发现，这里由于句子本身的宾语比较长，因此宾语补足语被前置了。即本来是elect A as B这样一个结构，但由于A太长，最终变成了elect as B A这样一个结构，即elected________(B)________(A).从语法角度讲，这就是把S＋V＋O＋C主谓宾补结构（S＝主语；V＝谓语；O＝宾语；C＝宾补）中的C前置成为S＋V＋C＋O。同样的结构，以往也曾考过，比如2003年第65题，本来是make something possible，但由于something以及它的修饰成分太长，结果变成了make possible something (which makes possible immense amounts of concrete research and understanding)。同样是possible作为句子的宾补，如果something是短宾语，那么适用make something possible的结构，而如果something是长宾语，那么就适用make possible something的结构。最后，本句中出现的“moral”（道德）一词也是历年考研试卷中的高频词汇，已经考察近30次了。综上，本句可以翻译为：“我会把‘知识分子’定义为这样的人，他们把以苏格拉底的方式来思考道德问题的活动作为人生的主要任务和乐趣。”47：________本句同样考到（非限制性）定语从句，所以句子也可以分成主句和定语从句两部分。主句部分相对容易，而这其中“analogous”算是个难词。但是有上下文“to that (function) of a judge”这本身就显示“his function”和“that of a judge”之间是某种类比关系。而此处的“analogous”正是“类似”的意思。定语从句部分则相对较难，也是本句翻译的关键。众所周知，理解长难句的关键是找出主干，本句定语从句的主干就是“who must accept the obligation”，而“obligation”后面全部是修饰成分——整个定语从句是从句套从句的复杂结构，无法很好地融合在同一个修饰成分中，所以不妨采取后置法，通过重复先行词把本句定语从句译成：“后者（即法官—作者注）必须接受如下（这一）义务，即……”。此外，这个定语从句对语言的运用能力要求更高，比如“in as obvious a manner as possible”是“reveal”（揭示）的“manner”（方式），因此，本结构亦可作“in a manner as obvious as possible”（以尽可能浅显的方式）。再比如，“revealing”的宾语本来是“the course of reasoning which led him to this decision”，但中间插入了较长的方式状语“in as obvious a manner as possible”，这就给理解造成一定困难。还有，which led him to this decision是一个简短的定语从句，可以作为一个修饰成分。因此我们不妨采用前置法，把该定语从句作为中心词的修饰语。其中值得注意的是“lead to”这个词组在考研翻译中也已经出现数次了。由此，我们可以如下翻译：“知识分子的作用与法官类似，后者必须接受如下义务，即以尽可能浅显的方式揭示导致他做出某一决定的推理过程。”48：________纵观全句，句子虽长，可是理解还是比较简单的。主要是主句加上一个本身带有让步状语从句的原因状语从句。主句部分主要考察了指代关系。其中，当第一次出现代词“him”的时候，考生不难发现它指代的就是最近的中心词“average scientist”（一般科学家）。而在后面的原因状语从句中，则再一次考察了“his”的指代关系。根据“代一不代二”的原则，同句出现反复指代，那么只要翻译首次出现的代词即可。因此，这里的“his”可以直接翻译为“他的”。在原因状语从句部分中，难点在于“he has not been charged with the task of approaching any but the factual aspects of those problems”这一部分。字面意思是：他没有被赋予接触这些问题中事实部分以外的其它部分的任务。说得简单点，就是“仅被赋予了研究这些问题中与事实相关的层面。”稍微结合上下文，可以看出，本句的意思是：没人指望科学家研究问题的道德层面，我们只要求他们研究问题的事实层面。由此，结合整句的理解，我们可以将它翻译为：“我把一般科学家排除在外了，这是因为，尽管科学家的成就可能有助于解决道德问题，但他们只有义务研究这些问题的事实层面。”49：________本句由一个比较结构“not…any more than”分割成两部分。该比较结构具体到本句，翻译时大致的框架必须是：如同人们没有期待商人……，一般科学家的主要任务也不是……。有了这个大致框架，整个句子不会有什么问题了。前句中中仍然出现了一个传统考点——定语从句：“which governs his activity”，而这个定语从句本身结构比较简单，可以作为一个修饰成分，因此，我们可以采取前置法，把整个定语从句作为形容词翻译在中心词“moral code”之前。当然，这里出现的“his”也需要找到它的指代对象，也就是前句的“average scientist”。而在后半句中，可能给考生答题造成困难的，也许就是词组“dedicate to”（致力于）了。然而，根据比较结构“结构相似，内容相关”的特点，考生应该会发现结构中的“dedicate to an exploration”其实与“think about”是有内在联系的。所以，我们可以把该句翻译成为：“但是，如同人们没有期待商人致力于思考商业界的行为准则一样，一般科学家的主要任务也不是思考控制其活动的道德规范。”50：________整句由“but”分割成为主句和转折状语从句两部分。此外，主句中还出现了“more than”引导的比较结构，该结构理解偏难，明显考察大家的语言功底。其实这个句子的比较结构中还包含有省略结构。主句如果补全，应该是：They may teach very well, and they may teach more than earn their salaries，这样意思就比较明显了：知识分子可能教得很好，而且可能不光为了谋生而教书。而转折状语从句尽管简单，但又考到了定语从句“which involve moral judgment”。只是这个定语从句仍然比较简单，可以作为一个修饰语出现，因为，我们还是采取前置法，把它置于中心词之前。结合以上，我们可以译作：“知识分子可能教得很好，而且可能不仅为了谋生而教书，但是他们中的大多数人对于涉及道德判断的人类问题几乎或者根本没有进行过独立的思考。”综合以上5题的分析，广大考生应该对于此次考研翻译有了一个大致的把握——今年的考研翻译既不同于以往，也没有超乎我们的预计；既出现了一些新动向、新发展，也符合考研翻译历年形成的考察规律。应该说，今年的考研试题能够客观公正、科学合理地反应考生的真实英语水平。此次我们提供这个分析也旨在继往开来：一方面，我们希望能够对于刚刚经历过今年考研洗礼的考生们提供一些直接的帮助，集思广益，推敲考研翻译的破题之法，切磋彼此对于此次考研翻译的不同理解；另一方面，我们更希望为即将参加考研的同学们综合考研翻译的最新动态，指明翻译复习的重点和难点。当然，我们的分析也只是提供了一个起点而已，正所谓路漫漫其修远兮，在任何征途上想取得成功，还是需要广大同学自身努力。

阅读下面文章，按要求完成试题。法 官（英）赫哥黎①查理·哈斯克尔去世时，留下了妻子和9个孩子，他们靠一小块土地为生，住在一所有4间屋的房子里。约翰是家里的长子，所以他的母亲告诉他，他必须承担起照顾全家的责任。那年他16岁。②约翰到镇里最有钱的人、法官多恩那儿去要一美元，那是法官买约翰父亲的玉米时欠的钱。法官多恩把钱给了他。然后，法官说约翰的父亲欠他40美元。“你打算什么时候还给我？”法官问。“我希望你不要像你的父亲那样”他说，“他是个懒汉，从不卖力气干活。”③那一年的夏天，除了星期天，约翰天天都到别人的田里干活；每天晚上和星期天全天在自己家的地里干活。到了夏天结束的时候，约翰积攒了5美元交给法官。④冬季天气太冷，不能耕种，约翰的朋友、印第安人塞夫给他提供了一个在冬季挣钱的机会。塞夫说教约翰诱捕动物，获取兽皮，这样能够挣很多钱，但是需要75美元买一杆枪和捕猎用的绳、，以及在树林里过冬的食物。约翰去见法官多恩，说明了他的打算，法官同意借给他那笔钱。⑤约翰吻别了母亲，和塞夫一起来到林子深处的塞夫几年前搭建的一间小木屋前。这年冬天，约翰会了追捕野兽和怎样在树林里生存。大森林考验了他的毅力，使他变得勇敢，也使他的体格更加健壮；同时捕到了很多猎物，得到的兽皮至少可以挣200美元。塞夫想继续打猎直到4月份，约翰决定自己一个人回家。塞夫帮约翰捆扎好兽皮和捕猎用的东西，让他能够背在背上。⑥这一天，当约翰快步走在树林中时，他开始考虑起他的将来。他要去读书和写字，他要给家里买一块大一些的农田。也许有朝一日，他也会像镇里的法官一样有权势，并受人尊敬。背上沉甸甸的东西使他考虑起到家后要做的事情：给他母亲买一身新衣服，给弟弟妹妹们买些玩具，他还要去见法官。约翰恨不得马上就把法官说的他父亲借的钱全部还清。⑦到了下午晚些时候，约翰的腿疼了起来，背上的东西也更加沉重。当他终于到达河边时，他高兴极了，因为这意味着他就要到家了。他看到河边长着一棵笔直的大树，它的高度足以达到河的对岸。约翰取出斧头砍倒大树。树倒下来，在河面上形成一座独木桥。⑧约翰身背兽皮、怀抱猎枪，跨到放倒的树上。树在他脚下稳如磐石。就在他快要走到河中央时，树干突然动了起来，约翰从树上掉到冰上。沉到水里，他的枪掉了，兽皮和捕猎用具也从他的背上滑了下来，被湍急的河水冲走了。约翰破冰而行，挣扎到河岸。他在雪地上躺了一会儿。然后，他爬了起来，找来一根长树枝，沿着河边来回走着。一连几个小时戳着冰块，寻找那些东西。最后，他放弃了。⑨他径直来到法官家。天已很晚，但是法官仍在他的办公室里。约翰敲门进去，他浑身冰冷，衣服潮湿。他向法官讲述了所发生的事情。等他把话讲完。多恩说：“这对你和我都很不幸。回家去吧，孩子。”⑩到了夏天，约翰拼命干活。他又攒够了5美元付给法官。但是他还欠法官30美元——那是他父亲欠的债，还有用来买捕猎工具和枪的75美元。⑪10月份的时候，法官派人叫来约翰说，“你欠了我很多钱，我想我能够要回这些钱的最好方法，就是今年冬天再给你一次狩猎的机会。如果我再借给你75美元，你愿意再去打猎吗？”约翰羞愧难当，好半天才开口说：“愿意。”⑫这一次，他必须独自一人进森林，因为塞夫已经搬到别的地方去了。在那个漫长而孤独的冬天，约翰每天出去打猎。一直到4月底。回家后，法官帮他把兽皮卖了300美元。约翰付给法官150美元，那是他借来买打猎用具的钱。然后他又慢慢地、把他父亲借的那部分钱一张一张地交到法官的手里。⑬又到了夏天，约翰除了在自己家的田里干活，还去读书和写字。这以后的十年里，他每年冬天都到森林里去打猎，他把卖兽皮挣来的钱全部攒了下来。最后他用这些钱买了一个大农场。⑭约翰30岁的时候，成了本镇的头面人物之一。那一年法官去世了，他把他的那所大房子和大部分财产留给了约翰，他还给约翰留下了一封信。信的日期是法官在约翰第一次外出找猎向他借钱的那天。⑮ “亲爱的约翰，”法官写道，“我从未借给你父亲一分钱，因为我从未相信过他。但是第一次见到你时，我就喜欢上了你。我想确定你和你的父亲不一样，所以我考验了你。 这就是我说你父亲欠我40美元的原因。祝你好运，约翰！”信封里有40美元。　（摘自《小小说选刊》，有改动）依据提示，完成对小说情节的梳理。听说父亲欠钱，攒钱还债—— —— ——成为富人，获得遗产，得知真相。结合语境，品味下列语句，分析其表达效果。然后他又慢慢地、把他父亲借的那部分钱一张一张地交到法官的手里。第（6）段采用了大段的心理描写，其作用是什么？有人认为小说的主人公是法官多恩，也有人认为小说的主人公是约翰，你赞同哪一种观点？请结合文本，谈谈你的观点和理由。

eBay eBay is a global phenomenon-the world’s largest garage sale, online shopping center, ear dealer and auction site with 147 million registered users in 30 countries as of March 2005. You can find everything from encyclopedias to olives to snow boots to stereos to airplanes for sale. And if you stumble on it before the eBay overseers do, you might even find a human kidney or a virtual date. eBay Basics eBay is, first and foremost, an online auction site. You can browse through categories like Antiques, Boats, Clothing Accessories, Computers Networking, Jewelry Watches and Video Games. When you see something you like, you click on the auction title and view the details, including pictures, descriptions, payment options and shipping information. If you place a bid on an item, you enter a contractual agreement to buy it if you win the auction. All auctions have minimum starting bids, and some have a reserve price-a secret minimum amount the seller is willing to accept for the item. If the bidding doesn’t reach the reserve price, the seller doesn’t have to part with the item. In addition to auctions, you can find tons of fixed-price items on eBay that make shopping there just like shopping at any other online marketplace. You see what you like, you buy it, you pay for it and you wait for it to arrive at your door. You can pay for an item on eBay using a variety of methods, including money order, cashier’s check, cash, personal check and electronic payment services like PayPal and BidPay. It’s up to each seller to decide which payment methods he’ll accept. Just as you can buy almost anything on eBay, you can sell almost anything, too. Using a simple listing process, you can put all of the junk in your basement up for sale to the highest bidder. When you sell an item on eBay, you pay listing fees and turn over a percentage of the final sale price to eBay. Once you register (for free) with eBay, you can access all of your eBay buying and selling activities in a single location called "My eBay." eBay Infrastructure A series of service disruptions in 1999 caused real problems for eBay’s business. Over the course of three days, overloaded servers intermittently shut down, meaning users couldn’t check auctions, place bids or complete transactions during that period. Buyers, sellers and eBay were, very unhappy, and a complete restructuring of eBay’s technological architecture followed. In 1999, eBay was one massive database server and a few separate systems running the search function. In 2005, eBay is about 200 database servers and 20 search servers. The architecture is a type of grid computing that allows for both error correction and growth. With the exception of the search function, everything about eBay can actually run on approximately 50 servers-Web servers, application servers and data-storage systems. Each server has between 6 and 12 microprocessors. These 50 or so servers run separately, but they talk to each other, so everybody knows if there is a problem somewhere, eBay can simply add servers to the grid as the need arises. While the majority of the site can run on 50 servers, eBay has four times that. The 200 servers are housed in sets of 50 in four locations, all in the United States. When you’re using eBay, you may be talking to any one of those locations at any time--they all store the same data. If one of the systems crashes, there are three others to pick up the slack. When you’re on the eBay Web site and you click on a listing for a Persian rug, your com-puter talks to Web servers, which talk to application servers, which pull data from storage servers so you can find out what the latest bid price is and how much time is left in the auction, eBay has local partners in many countries who deliver eBay’s static data to cut down on download time, and there are monitoring systems in 45 cities around the world that constantly scan for problems in the network. Using eBay: Security In order to make buyers feel safer when making purchases on eBay, all tangible (有形的) items are automatically insured for 200. A recipe that was supposed to be delivered to you via e-mail is not considered a tangible item. But if you purchased a set of speakers that never arrived, and you go through the dispute process and eBay determines you were defrauded (欺骗), you can get your money back up to 200. Buyer Fraud Buyer fraud is typically less damaging than seller fraud. The most common type of fraud a buyer can commit is simply not paying for an item. Sellers can deal with non-paying bidders by filing an Unpaid Item dispute, eBay will then attempt to contact the buyer and get her to pay. If she does not respond to eBay’s attempts after eight days, the seller is reimbursed (赔偿)for eBay’s cut of the final sale price and can relist the item for free. If the buyer does respond, the dispute can end in one of three ways: The buyer decides to pay, and everybody’s happy. The buyer and the seller decide together to abandon the transaction, the seller gets reimbursed for the final-value fee and relists the item for free, and everybody’s happy. The seller decides not to deal with the buyer, the buyer gets an unpaid-item strike against her, and the seller gets reimbursed for the final-value fee and relists the item for free. In the end, the damage to the seller is relatively small. Another type of buyer fraud occurs when a buyer sends false payment. In most cases, this is in the form of a bounced check, and the seller finds out about it before shipping the item. Bounced checks are as common on eBay as they are in the rest of the world, and many sellers choose not to accept personal checks for this reason. Seller Fraud Seller fraud is what most people think about when they worry about using eBay. There are two main ways in which a buyer can be defrauded by a seller. The item the buyer purchased is dramatically different from how it was described in the listing; or the item simply never arrives. One thing to keep in mind when you think you’ve been defrauded is that miscommunication is common on eBay. For instance, if you didn’t read every word of the auction listing for your item, you may have missed the part that said the seller would be out of town for three weeks and wouldn’t be able to ship the item until she returned. This could be why you don’t have your item and the seller isn’t answering your e-mails. Also, e-mail is not the most straightforward form of communication. If your item hasn’t arrived after two weeks, and you’ve e-mailed the seller but haven’t heard back, it’s a good idea to check your junk mail folder. Your seller may have sent a response e-mail that just never made it to your inbox. If there’s nothing from the seller in your junk folder, you can request that eBay reveal your seller’s phone number so you can give him a call and see what’s going on. If you don’t get an answer to your phone call (or if your seller lives in another country and it would cost too much money to call), your next step is to start the dispute process. When a buyer believes he has been defrauded, he can file a complaint, and eBay will work to solve the problem. When you file a complaint in eBay’s "Item Not Received or Significantly Not as Described" system, eBay will act as middleman between you and your seller to try to settle the dispute. If that fails, you can file a claim to get reimbursed for your purchase.A recipe is not considered tangible item if______. A) it is delivered later than the contracted time B) it never arrives at your place C) it is delivered to the buyer through e-mail D) it costs less than the market price

1.We`re working to a tight ().我们的工作 ()-|||-安排得很紧。 (单选,2.0分)-|||-A.work-|||-B.schedule-|||-C.plan-|||-D.day-|||-.She decided to ()the afternoon`s class. 她-|||-决定不去上下午的课。(单选,2.0分)-|||-() A.leave-|||-bigcirc B.miss-|||-C.not take-|||-D.skip-|||-3.I think you should always()to see vour D ()

Quiz for Unit 6I. Spell th. followin. words with the help of their definitions and first letters given. (1. points) 1.c.___________n. a person, team, firm, etc., competing with another or others; river 2.m__________ adj. wonderful; surprisingly good 3.a____________n. a journey, actively, experience, etc., that is strange, exciting, and often dangerous 4.e___________adj. necessary 5.r_____________n. (sth.) neededI<b.>I. Compl.te.the following s.ntences with the word. given below change the form when necessary. (1. points) Relevant security bond contribution enthusiasm 1.We need a strong adhesive to ____________________ wood to metal. 2.Such a treaty would be a major____________________ towards world peace. 3.Color and sex are hardly ___________when appointing somebody to a job. 4.We need greater____________________ in car parks. 5.His ___________ made everyone else interested.III. Fill the.followin. blanks.with correct adverbs or prepositions. (1. points) 1.I’m not keen__________jaz.. 2.My suggestion was regarded_________________worth consideration. 3.The sudden wind contributes much________the huge forest fire. 4.He has the ability to work in harmony________________others. 5.He had been dreading their meeting but her warm welcome soon put him_________his ease.IV. Choos. the.on. that best complete the sentences. (1. points) 1. One likes to hear ___________ on one’s appearance. A. complement B. compliment C. complex D. cong.ess 2. He has won wide __________ in the field of occupational medicine. A. recollection B. profession C. recognition D. production 3. I want to__________ to act as nurse to fight ageist S.RS. A. violence B. visit C. virus D. volunteer 4. His father is the British____________ toJapan. A. ambassador B. ambulance C. ambition D. embarrass 5. We supply every___________ for traveling. A. requisition B. requirement C. requisite D. requestV. Re.br>a. t.e followin. pas.ag. and give the bes. answe. t. each question with the information y.u have got from the passage. (2. points)Passage 1.nbsp; A.mysterious light shines a peak.in southeastTexas. Nearby settler. saw this light about eight years ago, and traveler along highway 9. between Alpine and Merfa,Texas, still report seeing it. The light does not alway. shine from the same place, but moving from point to point on the peak. So far, no one has solved the mystery of theTexasghost-light. Often strange brown lights have been seen in the deep valley below B.owing Rock,North C.rolina. These also move about. Scientists have tried to solve this mystery too, but without success. One day, recently, a woman who lives in a house high above this valley was resting in bed. The sun was shining. There was not a cloud in the sky. The window was raised several inches. Suddenly a ball of light forced its way through this window opening, knocked the woman unconscious and burned her in a way no doctor has ever seen before. 1.The best title for this selection might be _.________ A.D.fferent Color Lights Appear B.Our Sun Is the Strongest of All Lights C.Examples of Unexpected Strange Lights D.How a lady in North Carolina Was Burned 2.How and where did the light get into the house? The light__________ A.forced its way through the ceiling B.forced its way through the raised window C.came from the floor cracks D.came through the crowd 3.What is true of the mysterious light__________________? A. It moves about, shining from different places. B. It always shines from a peak. C. It can only be found inTexas, so it is calledTexasghost-light. D. It does no harm to our human beings, 4. Which of the following is the most certain thing about theTexasghost-light? It is___________________ A. a uranium deposit B. a fox fire C. a mystery D. caused by swamp gas 5. TheTexasghost light came into existence___________________________. A. 90 years ago B. 8. years ago C. 30 years ago D. 6. years agoPassage 2 One day in the early 1920’s a crowd was gathered atFortBlissto watch the airplane. As one airplane was rolled out, a grandmotherly old woman asked if she could have a ride on it. Leaning on her stick, the thin old lady dressed in black made her way to the plane. She was helped into the cockpit (座舱) and then carefully strapped into the seat. The pilot went up to the nose of the plane and gave the propeller a turn. As he did so, his feet slipped and he fell flat. Before he could get up, the airplane, with no one on it except grandma, went moving quickly down the field, and sailed into the air, and headed for a row of trees. Men grasped（喘气）in horror. Women screamed. The plane climbed above the trees and started for the stars, but rolled over on its back and fell toward the field. In the last few seconds it righted itself, ran crazily across the field, and stopped. The little old lady was really a young man, Clarie Chenault, who later became the famous commander of the Flying Tigers. 6. The old lady turned out to be ____________ A. actually a pilot in disguises B. a lucky grandmother C. a flying instructor D. a famous old lady 7. What do you think of the pilot who slipped and fell flat?________ A. He was careless. B. He was stripped C. He pretended to fall D. He was out of balance 8. After reading the story we can learn that_________________ A. it is an exciting experience for the old lady. B. it is an amusing flying story. C. it is an imaginary story. D. it is a practical joke. 9. The little thin old lady was__________ A. Fort Bliss B. Clarie Chenault C. Flying Tiger D. Grandma Smith 10. The Flying Tigers was the name of____________ A. a tiger B. an airplane C. an air force D. an airportVI. Sho.br>r. answer questions. ( 1. points)Directions: In this there is a short passage with five question. o. incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statement in the fewest possible words. ( not exceeding 10 words) If you ask an Englishman something about the World Service, he will almost certainly begin talking of the BBC. All sold broadcasting is done by the British Broadcasting Corporation, which also puts out TV programme, either sound or television. All BBC programmes for each week are announced in the BBC magazine and Radio Times. Another weekly radio paper is The Listener. For sound broadcasting a new plan was introduced in 1968, with 4.BBC channels, providing continuous pop music, light programmes for part of the day. For TV the BBC has several channels which show most programmes in color. On the first there are a few programmes, mainly for schools, women and children during the middle part of the day. Most of the time there is one programme for the whole country, but there are local interest broadcasts also. The Open University puts out its course at non-peak hours on BBC Channel Two. 1.What does BBC stand for?_____________ 2.What will the Englishman talked about if he is asked about the World Service?__________________ 3.Where can the listeners of the BBC get its programmers?__________________________________________ 4.How many radio channels does the BBC have?___________ 5.When does the Open University put out its course?________________VII. Trans.ate.the following sentences into Chinese.（1. points） 1.The new model comes in an exciting range of colors.这种新款有各种鲜艳的颜色。 2.To be the winner in market, a firm should have better products than its competitors要在市场中获胜，企业应当提供比竞争对手更好的产品。 3.Before the auto accident, the driver drank a massive amount of al.ohol.车祸前，司机喝了大量的烈性酒。 4.He’s launching.his son on a career in banking.他让自己的儿子从事银行业。&nbs.; 5.It is essential that you attend all the meetings.你有必要参加所有的会议。VIII. Translate th. following sentences into English.（1. points） 1.她50岁时，仍然非常热爱网球运动。When s.e was 50 years old she was still reveling in tennis. 2.市长拒绝承认他与受贿案件有关。The.mayor refused to confess that he was relevant to taking a bribe. 3.让自己精通一门外语将使我在今后的工作中处于有利地位。Making myse.f master of a foreign language would stand me in a good stead in mywork in the future. 4.她的这种行为被认为是一种犯罪。His action was re.arded as a crime. 5.他们想为俱乐部招募新成员。They wanted to recruit new memb.rs to the club.

(2018·江苏高考改编)Around 13,500 new jobs were created during the period, (exceed) the expected number of 12,000 held by market analysts.(1)主被动原则逻辑主语与非谓语动词是主谓关系时,用现在分词­ing形式;是动宾关系时用过去分词­ed形式。Tsinghua University, founded in 1911, is home to a great number of outstanding figures.清华大学建立于1911年,是许多杰出人物的摇篮。The lecture, starting (which started) at 7:00 p.m. last night, was followed by an observation of the moon with telescopes.讲座于昨晚七点开始,随后是用望远镜观察月球。(2)时间先后原则非谓语动词表示正在进行,用现在分词­ing形式;表示已经完成,用过去分词­ed形式;表示将来发生的动作,用不定式to do形式。It’s a pity that he won’t be able to attend the party to be held tomorrow at the art center.很遗憾他将不能参加明天在艺术中心举办的宴会。It’s a pity that he is unable to attend the party being held now at the art center.很遗憾他不能参加正在艺术中心举办的宴会。It was a pity that he was unable to attend the party held yesterday at the art center.很遗憾他没能参加昨天在艺术中心举办的宴会。2.牢记用动词­ing/to do 形式作宾语的动词(短语)(1)接动词­ing形式作宾语的常用动词(短语)有:喜欢考虑不可免(enjoy, consider, avoid)不禁放弃太冒险(cannot help, give up, risk)欣赏承认很值得(appreciate, admit, be worth)介意想象莫拖延(mind, imagine, delay, put off)允许完成是期待(allow, finish, look forward to)建议保持勤操练(suggest, keep, practice)致力原谅要坚持(be devoted to, excuse, insist on)继续成功不错过(keep on, succeed in, miss)(2)接不定式作宾语的常用动词(短语)有:一准备(prepare)、二决定(decide, determine)、三要求(ask, demand, request)、四希望(desire, expect, hope, wish);提供计划(offer, plan, intend);设法学会(manage, learn);未能选择(fail, choose);只好乞求(beg);拒绝答应(refuse, promise);假装同意(pretend, agree)。(3)有些动词或动词短语既可接不定式作宾语,也可接动名词作宾语,但表示的含义不同。meanforgetregrettrygo onremembercan’t helpI regret to tell you that he didn’t take your application into consideration.我很遗憾地告诉你他没有考虑你的申请。I regret making rude comments on your appearance.我非常遗憾对你的外表做了无礼的评论。3.掌握非谓语动词的几种句型公式(1)不定式作宾语补足语tell/order/persuade/force/warn/encourage/ask/invite+sb.to do sth.。I’d like to invite you to take part in the activity.我想邀请你参加这项活动。(2)后用省略“to”的不定式作宾语补足语的动词(短语):“五看;三使;二听;一感觉”。五看:look at/watch/notice/see/observe sb.do sth.三使:make/have/let sb.do sth.;二听:listen to/hear sb. do sth.;一感觉:feel sb.do。I like the film because it can make me laugh.我喜欢这部电影,因为它能让我发笑。(3)用于it作形式主语结构中:It+be+名词或形容词(no good, no use, a pleasure, worthwhile, useless)+动词­ing;It+be+形容词(difficult/kind/clever等)+for/of sb.to do sth.;It+takes+sb.+some time+to do sth.As is known to us, it’s no use complaining without taking action.众所周知,只抱怨不采取行动是没用的。(4)only to do结构表示出乎意料的结果。He hurried to the station, only to find the train had left.他匆忙赶到车站,结果却发现火车已经开走了。防范常见易|错1.现在分词和过去分词作状语现在分词作状语表示的动作与句子主语之间为逻辑上的主谓关系;过去分词作状语表示的动作与句子主语之间为逻辑上的动宾关系。①(2019·福州八中质检) (realize) it was our last high school sports meeting, we decided to make it an unforgettable experience for all of us.分析:分析句子结构可知,空格所在的部分为非谓语动词作状语,realize与主语we之间为逻辑上的主谓关系,故填Realizing。②(2018·蚌埠二中模拟)Greatly (encourage), the team conducted another experiment, this time with water that contained bacteria.分析:分析句子结构可知,空格所在的部分为非谓语动词作状语,encourage与主语the team之间为逻辑上的动宾关系,故填encouraged。2.现在分词和过去分词作前置定语和表语此时现在分词和过去分词都相当于形容词,现在分词意为“令人感到……的”,过去分词意为“(人)感到……的”。③There were many people waiting at the bus stop, and some of them looked very anxious and (disappoint).分析:此处looked后面为表语部分,此处指一些人看起来很焦急、很失望。故填disappointed。④(2018·山西省实验中学质检)Dennis Williams, the new owner of the phone number, responded to the (excite) baby news.分析:此处为非谓语动词作前置定语,表示“令人兴奋的有关孩子的消息”。故填exciting。⑤With a (puzzle)look on my face, I pointed to myself and said,“Me?”分析:句意:脸上带着疑惑的表情,我指着自己说:“我吗?”a puzzled look“疑惑的表情”;a puzzling look“令人疑惑的表情”。故填puzzled。3.不定式、现在分词和过去分词作后置定语不定式作后置定语表示动作尚未进行;现在分词作后置定语表示主动、进行;过去分词作后置定语表示被动、完成。⑥(2016·四川高考)For 25 days, she never left her baby, not even to find something (eat)!分析:句意:25天中,她寸步不离她的孩子,甚至不去找东西吃!动词不定式to eat作后置定语,修饰前面的不定代词something。故填to eat。⑦(2015·全国卷Ⅰ)Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it regularly arranges quick getaways here for people (live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.分析:此处表示“居住”在上海和香港的人们,应用非谓语动词作后置定语,people与live之间为主谓关系,故填living。⑧(2015·全国卷Ⅱ)The adobe dwellings (土坯房) (build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even the most modern of architects and engineers.分析:由谓语动词are admired可知空格处填非谓语动词,adobe dwellings与build之间是被动关系,应用过去分词短语作后置定语。故填built。4.不定式与动名词作宾语有些动词后只跟不定式作宾语,例如agree, decide, refuse, manage等;而有些动词只跟动名词作宾语,例如avoid, finish, mind, practise等。还有些动词既可以跟动名词作宾语,也可以跟不定式作宾语,但意义上有区别,这些都要特别注意。⑨(2018·浙江高考)I still remember (visit) a friend who’d lived here for five years and I was shocked when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time.分析:句意:我记得曾经拜访过一位在这里生活5年的朋友,我得知那时他没做过饭时我很震惊。remember doing sth.意为“记得做过某事”,故填visiting。(2018·菏泽模拟)Next keep in mind that forgiveness does not necessarily mean (accept) the action of the person who upsets you.分析:mean to do sth.意为“打算做某事”,mean doing sth.意为“意味着做某事”,故填accepting。防范常见易|错一、 单句对点练——练明考点1.(2018·全国卷Ⅱ改编)I saw there were two instructors on board and a man (lie) across the middle..

How about trying something unusual？A试一试与众不同的工作怎么样B试一试工作的不同寻常C关于与众不同的工作怎么样

“If technology’s your thing, try applying for an internship with Samsung or Apple.”的正确翻译是.()A. 如果技术是你的事情，那就试着申请三星或者苹果的实习工作。B. 如果你是技术宅，那就试着申请三星或者苹果的实习工作。C. 如果你是技术宅，那就试着申请三星或者苹果的工作。

12)The final proof of greatness lies in being able to endure criticism without _.A. punishmentB. resentmentC. enforcementD. compliment