Tens of thousands of young in Britain who are struggling with their mental health are seeking help online for problems such as anxiety, self-harm, and depression.Soaring numbers of under-18s are turning to apps, online counselling and “mood diaries” to help them manage and recover from conditions that have left them feeling low, isolated and, in some cases, suicidal.A generation of young people are attracted by being able to receive fast, personal care and advice using their phone rather than having to wait up to 18 months to be treated by an NHS mental heath professional.The shift comes as ministers prepare themselves for publication on Thursday of the first new figures for 13 years showing how common mental health problems are in the young mainly as a result of the emergence of social media and its use in fuelling feelings of inadequacy.The number of under-18s using Kooth, a free online counselling(咨询的)service, has shot up from 20,000 in 2015 to 65,000 last year, and is forecast to rise further to 100,000 this year.One hundred NHS clinical commissioning groups across England, more than half the total, have now commissioned the service. It helps young people suffering from anxiety, low mood, poor self-worth or confidence, self-harm and loneliness.“Young people like the fact they can talk to a counsellor either instantly, or within 10 minutes, for up to an hour in the evenings. They love that immediacy”，said Aaron Sefi, the research and evaluation director at XenZone, the company behind Kooth.“They also love the anonymity involved, because they can sign up without giving their personal details. Plus, they’re in control, because they are choosing to contact us rather than being told to do so.”In addition, 123,138 people in the UK download. Calm Harm, an NHS-approved app that helps people self-harm less often or not at all, between April 2017 and this month.“Users tell us that Calm Harm helps with suicidal thoughts and intent,” said Dr. Nihara Krause, the consultant clinical psychologist who developed the app. “Currently 92% of our users, who are mainly female and often aged 15-21, say the urge reduced.”Calm Harm is among 18 apps that NHS England has endorsed(支持)to help cope with mental ill-health. They also include Bluelce, which helps young people manage their emotions using a mood diary and automatic routing(自动转接) to emergency help numbers if their urges to self-harm continue.Experts welcomed the trend but warned that online help must complement, not replace, face-to-face appointments with therapists, psychologists and psychiatrists.“Most young people spend much of their time online, and it can feel easier for them to communicate through messaging and online services than face-to-face,” said Tom Madders, campaigns director at Young Minds, which helps people under 26.“Evidence-based mental health apps and online support services can be really beneficial in helping young people to look after their own mental health, develop strategies for coping with difficult emotions, and get accessible information and advice when they need it.”Claire Murdoch, NHS England’s national mental health director, said: “Technology is constantly evolving and young people are usually at the forefront, so it’s no surprise increasing numbers are turning to services like these which can certainly play a part, particularly when backed up by face-to-face support.”The NHS’s forthcoming long-term plan, due next month, will “harness(利用)all of the benefits these advancements can bring”，she added.Meanwhile, 37% of the young people referred to NHS child and adolescent mental health services (Camhs) in England last year were refused help, the children’s commissioner has revealed.In an analysis of Camhs care published on Thursday, the children’s commissioner for England, Anne Longfield, says that despite promises by politicians and NHS bosses to improve access, “a vast gap remains between what is provided and what children need”.While she found improvements in several areas of care, including care for eating disorders, new mothers and under- 18s in the criminal justice system, overall “the current rate of progress is still not good enough for the majority of children who require help but are not receiving it”.【1】Online help can be characterized as .______A. instant, confidential and controllableB. attractive, convenient and symbolicC. effective, accessible and controversialD. considerate, authentic and impractical【2】Teenagers suffer from mental problems mainly because______ .A. they lack professional guidanceB. they tend to be more self-centredC. social media make them feel less confidentD. social media keep them distant from each other【3】Calm Harm helps teenagers to_____.A. keep a journal of their moodsB. manage their feeling of stressC. reduce the urge to harm themselvesD. improve their self-identity and confidence【4】Experts believe that online help can______.A. strengthen bonds between teenagers with mental illnessesB. play a role in pushing forward the cutting-edge advanceC. replace face-to-face appointments with professionalsD. serve as a complement to face-to-face appointments【5】According to Anne Longfield, NHS child and adolescent mental health services ______.A. have lived up to their expectations and promisesB. are reluctant to help teenagers with mental illnessesC. will complete their ambitious forthcoming long-term planD. need to struggle to meet the increasing needs of teenagers【6】What does the passage mainly talk about?A. The popularity of online apps in treating teenagers’ mental illnesses.B. The contrasts between online help services and face-to-face support.C. The influence of teenagers’ mental illnesses on online help services.D. The drawbacks with the existing adolescent mental health services.

He got well prepared for the job interview, for he couldn't risk _____ the good opportunity.A. to loseB. losingC. to be lostD. being lost

I won’t call you, __________ something unexpected happens.A. unlessB. whetherC. becauseD. while

I can not make concession which is outside the _____.（　　）A. regulationB. regulateC. regulatoryD. regulator

It’s every working staff’s dream: saying goodbye to the daily grind while you still have your own teeth. In our early retirement fantasies, we’re traveling the world, healthy and in the prime of our lives, visiting those hard-to-pronounce countries we’ve always talked about and sampling the finest local fare. Surveys show that more than half of workers between the ages of 30 and 50 plan to retire before they’re 60. But there’s only one problem with this wishful thinking: Retiring early is easy, but making your money last is hard. One problem with saving up for early retirement is that we tend not to think beyond those first few glorious years of good health and full checking accounts-we don’t do the long-term math. If the average male life expectancy is 75.2 and we retire at 55, then our savings, and stock market investments need to last for 20 years. And what if we live even longer than average And don’t forget that life can get tricky during those last five or ten years. Very few fortunate souls drift away in their sleep at age 88 without ever having major surgeries, hospitalizations or chronic (and expensive) conditions to manage-not to mention the ever-increasing costs of medical insurance and prescription drugs. While we tend to overestimate our health, we underestimate our post-retirement financial needs. A 2002 survey found that only 17 percent of workers thought they’d need 80 percent of their salary after retirement. Forty percent thought they’d be fine with 60 percent of current earnings. That might suffice for a few good years, but the longer you live, the less chance your money will last. Furthermore. isn’t it possible that traveling the world and living out of a suitcase could get pretty tedious Did you ever think that you might be bored without a day job Do you have enough hobbies and interests to sustain you for 20 to 30 years without business trips, deadlines and daily meetings But don’t get discouraged. If you’re serious about retiring early and dedicated to making it work, you can make it happen. All it takes is some serious financial planning, a strict budget and some good old-fashioned luck.So how do you start planning for an early retirement What are the most important calculations What are some common mistakes The first step when planning for an early retirement is to figure out exactly how much money you have right now. This is called your net worth. Net worth is calculated by adding up all of your assets (cash, stocks, retirement accounts and the value of your home) and subtracting all of your outstanding debt (mortgage, student loans and credit card debt). When you know how much you have, you need to figure out how much money you’ll need when you retire. This amount depends on several factors: what you want to do when you retire, how early you want to retire and what standard of living you want to enjoy when retired. If you want to keep up your current standard of living as a retiree, the rule of thumb is that you’ll be spending monthly at least 80 percent of what you’re spending now. That other 20 percent you won’t be spending accounts for work-related expenses: gas or public transportation fares for your commute, dry cleaning bills, lunches and the like. But if you plan to travel, play more golf or fix up a classic car as a retiree, you’ll quickly make up that 20 percent you thought you were saving by not working. Perhaps the most important factor when calculating how much you’ll need is how early you want to retire. There’s a big difference in planning for a 20-year retirement and a 40-year retirement. Plus, the earlier you retire, the longer you’ll have to wait to get Social Security benefits. This isn’t a problem for people who retire after the minimum age for collecting Social Security (currently 62). But if you retire too early, you might not have enough to get by on until Social Security kicks in. Another serious consideration when planning for an early retirement is health insurance. When you’re employed, you pay part of your monthly insurance premium and your employer pays the rest. When you retire, you’re guaranteed coverage under the same insurance policy for the next 18 to 36 months through the Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconstruction Act, also known as COBRA. COBRA is meant as a temporary protection for employees who lose or change jobs. But even with COBRA, you’ll be paying the full premium, including what your boss used to pay. You’re not eligible for Medical benefits until you’re 65. So, until you reach that age, you’ll need a supplementary insurance policy. When you apply for a new policy after COBRA runs out, you might be surprised at how expensive it is to insure a 60-year-old with pre-existing medical conditions. The cheapest policy for a 62-year-old nonsmoker is 300 a month, and it increases if you smoke, have a history of heart problems, high blood pressure, diabetes and other conditions. One way to get started on your early retirement budget is to use one of the many free online retirement calculators to figure out how much you’ll need in net worth to retire at a certain age. But the only way to know if your planned retirement spending will work is to try a dry run. Try to live for three months on the projected monthly amount that you hope to live on when retired. If it’s not working now, it certainly won’t work when you factor in increased healthcare and insurance costs.How can you start saving for an early retirement now What are the best long-term investments for building up a retirement nest egg Compound interest is a beautiful thing. The best thing you can do right now to ensure an early retirement is to invest as much of your earnings as possible in safe, long-term investments and tax-deferrable retirement savings accounts. A good place to start is with a tight budget. As we learned in How to Make a Million Dollars, one of the quickest ways to become rich is to live a frugal lifestyle. Instead of living beyond your means-buying things on credit that you can’t immediately pay back live below your means. Buy a used car instead of a new one (or better yet, take the bus). Choose the two-bedroom house instead of the five-bedroom one. So, how much money should we be saving from each paycheck MSN Money describes a 20/20/20 system. Starting at age 20, if you invest 20 percent of each paycheck, you could retire in 20 years and live on the interest from your investments. As we’ve already asked, can you live right now on 80 percent of your income, like you’ll be living on in retirement Try setting up an automatic withdrawal (取款) from your checking account. Whenever a paycheck is deposited at the bank, 20 percent will automatically be deducted before you even have a chance to see it, let alone spend it. Now you need to take that money and invest it in something with guaranteed long-term growth. MSN Money recommends a stock market index fund that tracks SP 500 companies. So as long as the stock market goes up over the next 20 years--which it historically has, at a rate of 12 percent annually-your money will grow. Also, if you can increase your earnings slightly every year through pay raises and promotions, you’ll see even more growth. Stock investments are smart if you plan on retiring before you’re in your 60s. When you start cashing in stocks at age 40, you’ll have to pay only long-term capital gains taxes, which are currently at 15 percent. But other common retirement investments have stiff penalties for withdrawing money early. The minimum age to start withdrawing is 59.5. And remember, don’t touch the interest on your stock investments. For the magic of compound interest to work, you need to reinvest every penny of interest.What will happen to a person’s health insurance after an early retirement A．He will lose all the protection against medical problem.B．He will be covered by the same policy for a certain time.C．He doesn’t have to pay for the health insurance any longer.D．He only has to pay part of his monthly insurance premium.

Green products are becoming more and more popular because they are environmentally ________.A. friendlyB. various'C. commonD. changeable

Part I Listening Comprehension(30 marks) Section A(22 . 5 marks) Directions：In this section, you'll hear six conversations between two speakers．For each conversation, there are several questions, and each question is followed by three choices marked A, B and C．Listen carefully and then choose the best answer for each question．You will hear each conversation TWICE． Conversation 1 1．How long does the woman need to work every day? A．Three hours． B．Four hours． C．Five hours． 2．How much can the woman earn each day? A．5 dollars． B．10 dollars． C．20 dollars． Conversation 1 M：Do you have any work experience? W：No, I’ve never worked in a restaurant before． M：Do you think you can get along will with customers? W：Yes, I think so． M：Can you make sure to be here from four to eight in the afternoon? W：Yes, I'm always on time． M：Then you can start tomorrow．Monday through Friday．Five dollars an hour． W：That's fine． Conversation 2 3．What's the possible relationship between the speakers? A．Boss and employee． B．Mother and son． C．Teacher and student． 4．When will the man come back? A．This Monday． B．This Wednesday． C．This Friday． Conversation 2 M：Mrs．Sharon, I say…, I have to … W：What's the matter, Richard? M：Er, I'd like to take two days off．My mother's ill．I need to stay with her． W：I'm sorry to hear that．You mean you will be back here this Wednesday? M：Yes, I hope I can come back earlier． W：That's all right．By the way, don't worry about your lessons．I'll certainly help you with them． Conversation 3 5．What can we know about Nancy and Steve? A．They will divorce soon． B．They have two daughters． C．They divorced last year． 6．Who will help Nancy out in the woman's opinion? A．Her daughter． B．Her parents． C．Her friends． Conversation 3 M：Kate, Nancy and Steve are breaking up． W：It's really a shame．I’ve heard that they quarrel, but they’ve always made up afterward． M：Things are not working out this time．They are getting a separation soon． W：What will happen to their daughter, Bonnie? M：Nancy is going to take her． W：The cost of living is so high．It will be difficult for her to take te responsibility． M：She seems to have made up her mind．She said she would rather be a single parent than cope with an unhappy marriage． W：Well, I hope her parents will be able to help her out． Conversation 4 7．How often does the woman pay the tax? A．Once a month． B．Twice a year． C．Once a year． 8．Why does the woman have to pay more taxes? A．The government has raised the tax rate． B．She didn't pay taxes last year． C．She has got extra money． 9．What can we know about the woman? A．She is an accountant． B．She taught in a night school． C．She lives upon a small income． Conversation 4 W：Henry, our income tax is due soon．Did you call our accountant? M：He's figuring out our taxes right now．I gave him all the records on our income and expenses last week． W：The government has taken away taxes from our paychecks all year．I hope we get some of that money back or at least that we won't have to pay more． M：Remember the money your aunt left us when she died, and the money you made when you taught in a night school? W：Yes． M：Well, that's all taxable income．That money has put us in a higher tax bracket． W：What does that mean? M：It means we have to pay more taxes． W：Well, it looks like we'll have to make more money this year just to pay last year's taxes． Conversation 5 10．What can we know about the kid from Haiti? A．He doesn't get on well at school． B．He is often late for school． C．He doesn't speak much English． 11．How many countries are mentioned in the conversation? A．Six． B．Five． C．Four． 12．How does the woman help the immigrant kids? A．She has spent much time with them after class． B．She gives them more lessons than other kids． C．She pays more attention to them at class． Conversation 5 M：Kate, how's the new student in your class doing? W：The kid from Haiti? He's having a rough time communicating since he doesn't speak much English．However, the other kids seem to involve him pretty well． M：Our students are used to new kids who don't speak much English since we have had so many new immigrant families moving into our school district． W：Don't I know it! This year I have had a Vietnamese, an Ethiopian, a Cuban and the kid from Haiti in my class．I spend a lot of time with them after class so that they can catch up． M：It must have been hard for you since you have to give them special attention in order to help them． W：It has been．Nevertheless, it's really rewarding to see them progress and make friends． Conversation 6 13．When will the speakers have the exams? A．In one week． B．In two weeks． C．In three weeks． 14．What will the woman do this summer? A．Teach English． B．Find a job． C．Study Chinese． 15．How did the man learn Chinese? A．By speaking． B．By reading． C．By listening． Conversation 6 M：Well, Jenny．The school year is almost over．We just have two weeks before exams．What are you going to do this summer? W：I'm going to teach English to some immigrants in the university's community service program． M：That sounds interesting．Don't you need to speak a foreign language for the job? W：No．You just have to present the language simply and give the students a chance to practice speaking． M：But that's the way I was taught to speak Chinese．But speaking Chinese didn't help me learn to read and write Chinese． W：My students don't want to read and write English．They are more interested in speaking． M：You sound very knowledgeable about all this．How do you know so much? W：I took teaching English as a second language course last year when you were in China．I’ve also talked with the program administrators quite a lot．I think I would like to be an ESL teacher when I graduate． SECTION B Directions：In this section, you'll hear a mini－talk．Listen carefully and then fill in numbered blanks with the information you’ve got．Fill each blank with NO MORE THAN 3 WORDS． You'll hear the mini－talk TWICE． About friendshipNo definite 16 friendship.-|||-D Iifferent people hold various views on-|||-Everyone has one or more ×Loyalty is the most important because no one-|||-Quality is more importart than 17 -|||-friends.-|||-wants to be 18 -|||-Your friends give you encouragement,offer-|||-Friendship relies on your knowledge or help you find . 20 -|||-__ 19 . WYou may function as a supervisor,a learned-|||-brother,etc. Section B We often say, “A friend in need is a friend indeed．” But what is the exact meaning of friendship? No one can really offer a definite concept, because different people hold various views on friendship． Everyone has his own friendship and some have a lot of friends．But in fact, quantity is not so important as quality．Loyalty is the most important for friendship．No one wants to make friends with those who will betray them． No matter whether you are married or not, no matter where you live and work, your friends are your friends．It is not based on bloodline．It relies on your intention．To you, some friends are fun－loving, some give encouragement, some offer knowledge, and others help you to find your own identity．Before your friends, you may act as a supervisor, a learned brother, a lovely child, a gentleman or a playmate．In a word, friendship helps you to be a full person．So friendship can benefit． Keys：

Do you always ______ an English-Chinese dictionary when you come across new words in your reading?A. considerB. cheatC. consultD. contact

The U.K. university system is at the top of the list in terms of its number of internationally top-ranked universities and in the percentage of overseas students it attracts each year. These are significant achievements, too often overlooked. They were not quickly or easily won. In an increasingly competitive world, they can be quickly and permanently lost.Within the U.K., universities deliver huge benefits; they are particularly well documented in science, technology, and medicine. Perhaps their greatest achievement is the flow of graduates into the workforce. The most remarked-upon, however, is the rapid expansion of their role as innovators who have demonstrated a significant economic impact. In recent years, high-technology and biotechnology clusters have sprung up around a number of research-intensive universities.Focusing only on what is most easily measured or on an immediate economic impact is to miss the deeper point, of course. Through the arts, humanities, and social sciences, this country’s universities contribute broadly to society, adding greatly to human well-being. Although universities are offering their best help in the economic downturn (衰退), as institutions they are intended, above all, to help the students of today become the workforce, citizens, and leaders of tomorrow. They are also responsible for the discoveries that will transform the future and the scholarly insights that will change the way the world thinks and acts.What has made the U.K. system so successful? I point to the quality of what it provides, the talent it attracts, and the diversity of strengths it offers. The diversity of U.K. universities is partially reflected in their differences in age, size, history, and governance, in the makeup of their student bodies, course offerings, the kinds of research they do, the combination of teaching and research, and the balance of academic and professional or pre-professional training.1. What do we learn about the U.K. university system from the passage?A. The achievements of the U.K. university system can hardly be lost.B. Some achievements of the U.K. university system are too often ignored.C. It develops quickly by attracting the largest percentage of overseas students each year.D. It is at the top of the list in terms of the long history of its internationally top-ranked universities.2. What is the most important contribution made by the U.K. universities according to the author?A. They make scientific discoveries.B. They supply a flow of quality graduates.C. They have biotechnological achievements.D. They promote technological improvements.3. What should universities pay more attention to according to the author?A. The economic downturn of society.B. Current issues of human well-being.C. Discoveries that will change the future.D. Measures that have an economic impact.4. Why is the U.K. university system so successful?A. It attracts different kinds of professors and students.B. It offers universities with a long history and big campus.C. It offers quality education and all the universities are world famous.D. It owns the talent and offers quality education and a diversity of strengths.5. What do we learn about the U.K. universities from the passage?A. The U.K. universities prefer research to teaching.B. The U.K. universities prefer academic training to professional training.C. The U.K. universities boast a diversity reflected in many key elements.D. The U.K. universities’ diversity is mainly reflected in the makeup of their student bodies.